컴퓨터 작업에서 마우스 종류에 따른 상완 부하 평가

송영웅(Young-Woong Song),김경아(Kyoung-Ah Kim) 대한산업공학회 2011 대한산업공학회지 Vol.37 No.3

외국 어린이 체표면적 실측 자료를 이용한 체표면적 예측 회귀식 모델 비교

송영웅 ( Young-woong Song ) 대구가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2022 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.20 No.1

The body surface area is important for evaluating the dermal exposure of various hazardous substances. The body surface area can be determined by direct measurement or regression models using height and weight as independent variables. This study compared five regression models (two Korean models : LeeJY(2008), LeeHM(2009) and three foreign models : Boyd(1935), Gehan(1970), US EPA(1985) using 268 direct measurement data of children. Regression analysis was conducted to compare the prediction ability of five models, and prediction errors were also compared. Regression analysis revealed that the five models were excellent in predicting the body surface areas (R2 >0.98). The LeeHM(2009) model overestimated, but other models underestimated The relative prediction errors were less than 10%, except one model (15.2%). The Korean adult model (LeeJY(2008)) showed better predicting ability than the Korean children model(LeeHM(2009)), and prediction errors were also smaller. But, this result should be interpreted carefully because this study used the foreign children data.

정적 부하 작업에서 EMG 모델과 세가지 최적화 모델을 이용한 척추 부하 평가

송영웅 ( Young Woong Song ),정민근 ( Min Keun Chung ) 한국산업위생학회 2005 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.15 No.1

This study investigated the spinal loads(L5/S1 disc compression and shear forces) predicted from four biomechanical models: one EMG model and three optimization models. Three objective functions used in the optimization models were to miminize 1) the cubed muscle forces: MF3, 2) the cubed muscle stress: MS3, 3) maximum muscle intensity: MI. Twelve healthy male subjects participated in the isometric voluntary exertion tests to six directions: flexion/extension, left/right lateral bending, clockwise/counterclockwise twist. EMG signals were measured from ten trunk muscles and spinal loads were assessed at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90%MVE(maximum voluntary exertion) in each direction. Three optimization models predicted lower L5/S1 disc compression forces than the EMG model, on average, by 31%(MF3), 27%(MS3), 8%(MI). Especially, in twist and extension, the differences were relatively large. Anterior-posterior shear forces predicted from optimization models were lower, on average, by 27%(MF3), 21%(MS3), 9%(MI) than by the EMG model, especially in flexion(MF3: 45%, MS3: 40%, MI: 35%). Lateral shear forces were predicted far less than anterior-posterior shear forces(total average=124 N), and the optimization models predicted larger values than the EMG model on average. These results indicated that the optimization models could underestimate compression forces during twisting and extension, and anterior-posterior shear forces during flexion. Thus, future research should address the antagonistic coactivation, one major reason of the difference between optimization models and the EMG model, in the optimization models.

과수 작물과 하우스 작물 재배의 산업보건학적 현황 조사

송영웅 ( Song Young-woong ) 대구가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2019 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.17 No.1

This study investigated the work load of each farm-work process, occupational health related problem situation, perceived fatigue symptoms, and body parts with musculoskeletal disorders symptom for fruit crop farmers (n=27) and vinyl house seed farmers(n=44). Results showed that for vinyl house work, the workload of cultivating process showed the highest stress, while pollination/thinning out and crop during process induced high workload for fruit crop farming. Eduction about the preventive method of toxic gas/dust/vibration/noise was not conducted for 88% of the respondents. Perceived fatigue results showed that the house seed farmers was 39% which was higher than the fruit crop farmers(20%). Forty four percentage of fruit crop farmers showed musculoskeletal symptoms (pain, ache) in the shoulder, and 37% for hand/wrist, and 26% for the knee. However, the house seed farmers showed MSDs symptoms the highest percentage in the knee(59%), and low back(50%), hand/wrist(39%), shoulder(34%). These results indicate that there is a quite big difference between the fruit crop and house seed farmers in the aspect of workload for each farming step, occupational health control practices, perceived fatigue, and body parts with MSDs symptoms. Thus, nationwise scale survey for different crops, farming methods should be conducted to understand and prevent the health related problems of the farmers.

음절수, 폰트, 색 대비, 표시 형태, 글자 크기, 연령대가 한글 문자 정답률에 미치는 영향

송영웅 ( Young Woong Song ),임창욱 ( Chang Wook Lim ),이인석 ( In Seok Lee ),정명철 ( Myung Chul Jung ),모승민 ( Seung Min Mo ),공용구 ( Yong Ku Kong ) 한국안전학회 2009 한국안전학회지 Vol.24 No.5

Phase Change Material Effects on the Performance of Lithium-Ion Battery Cells Under Varying Temperature Conditions

Young-Woong Song(송영웅),Jehong Im(임제홍),Min-Young Kim(김민영),Ho-Sung Kim(김호성),Youngsun Hong(홍영선),Byung Hak Park(박병학),Dong Yoon Lee(이동윤),Jae Heon Lee(이재헌),Jaekook Kim(김재국),Jinsub Lim(임진섭) 한국전지학회 2022 한국전지학회지 Vol.2 No.1

최근, 기후변화의 영향으로 재생가능 자원 개발 문제가 큰 주목을 받고 있다. 리튬이온배터리(LIBs)는 화석 연료의 대안으로 제공되어 자동차 산업에서 특히 주목을 받고 있다. 그러나 LIB가 보여주는 배터리 수명과 해당 주행거리에 한계가 있다. LIB 내의 열 관리는 배터리 수명을 결정하는 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 수동적 열 관리 시스템을 제공하는 상변이 물질(PCM)을 다양한 조건에서 분석하였다. PCM으로 덮인 LIB에서 얻은 결과는 덮지 않은 참조 셀에서 얻은 결과와 비교하였다. PCM은 온도를 조절하여 셀에 의해 나타나는 열화를 감소시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 PCM은 LIB 성능의 개선을 촉진할 수 있음을 보여준다. At present, the issue of renewable resource development has attracted significant attention owing to the effects of climate change. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have received particular attention within the automotive industry as they provide a viable fossil fuel alternative. However, the commercialization of electric vehicles is currently limited by the battery life, and corresponding mileage, exhibited by LIBs. Thermal management within the LIB is a significant factor in determining the lifetime of the battery. In this study, a phase change material (PCM), which provides a passive thermal management system, was analyzed under various conditions. The results obtained from the PCM-covered LIB were compared with those obtained from a reference cell without the PCM covering. It was shown that the PCM can regulate the cell temperature, thereby reducing the deterioration exhibited by the cell. This PCM characteristic can, therefore, facilitate an improvement in the LIB performance.

최신 인체 측정 데이타를 이용한 한국 성인 체표면적 추정

송영웅 ( Young Woong Song ) 대구가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2015 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.13 No.1

Body surface area (BSA) of the human body is an infortant measure that is used extensively in physiology to express basal metabolic rate, oxygen consumption, etc. This study estimated Korean adults body surface area using the most recent stature and weight data of Korean adults (the 6th Size Korea data, 2010), and compared to the body surface area estimated using the 5th Size Korea data (2004). For men, the BSA was largest in the age of 25~34 years old (mean = 18,965 ㎠), while the BAS of women in the age of 45~54 years old was estimated as the largest among other age groups (mean = 16,021 ㎠). There was little difference between th BSAs estimated using 5th and 4th Size Korea Data for women, but the BSAs estimated using the 6th Size Korea data were larger than those by the 5th Size Korea data for men in the age groups of 25~34 and 35~44 years old. For accurate risk assessment, it is recommended to use the recent BSA values estimated using the recent anthropometric data.

글자의 복잡성이 청년층의 한글 일음절 글자 가독성에 미치는 영향

송영웅 ( Young Woong Song ) 대구가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2013 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.11 No.1

This study investigated the effects of the font type (gothic, myungjo), color contrast (black on white, white on black), distance (50 cm, 200 cm), complexity (simple, complex) on the Korean characters`` legibility. Total eighteen subjects (male: 10, female: 8) participated in the legibility experiment. Subjects were instructed to read a target panel presented in the distance of 50 cm or 200 cm. The target panel was made with different font type, character complexity, and color contrast. Results showed that simple characters revealed better legibility than complex characters, and gothic type showed better legibility than myungjo type. From the analysis of variance of the minimum size for the 0% correct answer, it was found that the main effects of the distance, font type, and complexity were statistically significant (p<0.05). These main effects were also statistically significant for the 100% correct answer. Thus, it was recommended that the character complexity should be considered when designing or making guidelines for the letter size of the medical products, pesticide products, or other presentation materials.

중심 합성 설계 방법을 이용한 삼륜/사륜 운반차 손잡이 변수의 최적화

송영웅 ( Young Woong Song ) 대구가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2012 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.10 No.1

This study aimed to optimize the three handle variables (handle width, vertical angle and horizontal angle) using the central composite design method. Twenty healthy female subjects participated in the experiment. In the experiment, the independent variables were handle width, horizontal angle, and vertical angle, and the pushing forces were collected using a force gauge. The central composite design was applied and a total 17 treatment conditions were tested. Using the average force data of the 17 treatment conditions, a second order response surface model was extracted. Using the second order response model, the optimal solution set for the handle width, horizontal angle, and vertical angle was determined. The objective function in this optimization process was to maximize the pushing force. The optimal solution set of handle wight = 1.25*shoulder width, horizontal angle = -10°, and the vertical angle of -10° was found. It is expected that this condition can maximize the pushing force or minimize the musculoskeletal load when exerting a submaximal pushing force.

설문 조사를 통한 단체 급식시설 주방 종사자 사고 발생 현황, 위험 요인 및 예방 방안 도출

송영웅(Young-Woong Song),기도형(Dohyung Kee),김욱(Wook Kim) 대한인간공학회 2018 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.37 No.4

Objective: The purposes of this study are to survey the accidents occurred in the kitchens of the catering services and restaurants, and to identify their risk factors focused on the kitchen facilities and utensils. Background: Accidents rates in the food industry showed increasing trend in many countries including Korea. The workload in catering and commercial kitchens is high, and workers in kitchens are experiencing several kinds of accidents and hazards like burn, slip, cut, and musculoskeletal disorders. To reduce the accidents and hazards in kitchens, the information about the accidents and hazards occurred in kitchens and risk factors related to kitchen facilities and utensils are necessary. Method: Questionnaire survey was conducted for accidents occurred during last one year, their risk factors, and preventive measures. Participants were 321 workers currently working in kitchens of catering services and commercial restaurants, and 276 respondents were used for analysis. Frequency analysis was conducted for the characteristics of the participants and kitchens, also for the kitchen facilities and accident cases occurred within a year till today. Chi-square test was conducted to see whether the accidents cases were different according to the kitchen type, number of workers (size of kitchen), etc. Based on these results, preventive measures were derived for each accident type. Results: Frying kettle, rotary kettle, vegetable cutter and kitchen knife were more dangerous cooking utensils. More than 30% of the respondents (31.5%) reported more than one accident case during last one year (1 case, 14.9%; 2 cases, 8.3%; and 3~5 cases, 8.0%). The most frequently reported accident was burn injury (34.0%), followed by cut (27.1%), slip (26.4%), and musculoskeletal disorders (7.6%). It was found from chi-square test that the number of accidents during last one year was dependent on the level of safety device installation (more safety device, less accident cases). Several preventive measures were suggested for each accident and hazard based on the results. Conclusion: Burn, cut, slip, and musculoskeletal disorders were the frequently occurred accident and hazards, and frying kettle, rotary kettle, vegetable cutter, and kitchen knife were identified as most dangerous cooking utensils. Thus, preventive efforts should be focused on these accidents and cooking facilities. Application: The results of this study would be helpful as basic data for kitchen safety and the suggested preventive measures would be useful for establishing policies to reduce accidents and risk factors.