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송병열 한국한문교육학회 1999 한문교육논집 Vol.13 No.-
The subject of this study is an function and character of Hyunto(懸吐). The method of Hyunto(懸吐) is not a forced teaching of grammatical knowledge in Chinese writing. However, correct Hyunto(懸吐) makes the correct grammar in Chinese writing. There always seems to be lack of feelings in teaching grammar of Chinese writing. The reason is that the grammar and the Chinese writing do not accord with each other. During the fifth curriculum, all the sentences were explicated with an illustrated grammar in 5 different kinds of revised textbooks. At that time the teachers insisted on a bad effect and uselessness of the grammar in Chinese writing. It certainly showed that the grammar of Chinese writing is inadequate in both teaching and learning in Chinese writing. In chapter 2, the useful aspects of the learning using Hyunto(懸吐) are mentioned. The Chinese sentences using Hyunto(懸吐) are easy to understand and they are especially distinct in the light of combination of Chinese characters and Korean particles. In chapter 3, the grammatical functions of Chinese writing are discussed. To(吐) in nouns or noun phrases indicates the components of sentences such as the subjects, objects, and adverbs. The connecting To(吐) shows whether the context of the sentence is progressive or regressive. This means it distinguishes the conjunctional relations between clauses. To(吐) in the end of the sentence indicates the types of the sentences such as statements, interrogative sentences and exclamatory sentences. So, it distinguishes the types of the sentences. According to all of these, To(吐) doesn't have only one function. By Using Sunauhmalauhmi(先語末語尾), To(吐) adds the unique features of Korean to the Chinese writings that have no inflections or 어미. Everything above tells us that To(吐) functions as the synthetic grammar such as the components of the sentences, the conjunctional relations, the types of the sentences, and the honorary appellations(尊稱). Chinese writing is a medieval written language in East Asia. It differs from the sentence structure of our spoken language. It is an isolated language which does not have a particle. 어미, or inflection. Hyunto(懸吐) adds a particle and an inflectional ending of the word that are distinct feature of Korean to the Chinese writing. The sentence using Hyunto(懸吐), itself is already half translated so that beginners could easily approach to learning Chinese writing.