추월금지구간의 지체시간 산정모형 개발

손봉수,한상진 대한교통학회 1998 大韓交通學會誌 Vol.16 No.2

양방향 2차로 도로는 우리나라 전체 포장도로 연자의 84%를 차지하고 있다. 양방향 2차로 도로의 효율성 및 교통류의 운영상태를 파악하기 위한 서비스 수준 척도로 지체시간의 백분율이 많이 사용되고 있다. 지체시간의 산정은 특정 도로 설계구간을 추원금지구간으로 설계할 것이지, 예산을 더 투자하여 선형을 개선함으로써 추원가능 구간으로 설계할 것인지에 대한 판단 기준을 제시할 수 있기 때문에 도로설계과정에 있어서 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 저속차량의 확률적 분포를 고려하여 추원금지구간에서 발생하는 지체시간을 산정할 수 있는 모형을 제시하였다. 모형식이 기존에 확률적 분포를 고려하여 추월금지구간에서 발생하는 지체시간을 산정할 수 있는 모형을 제시하였다. 모형식이 기존에 개발된 거시적 수학적 모형에 비해 비교적 단순하고 입력변수도 수집이 용이한 점이 특징이라 할 수 있다. 모형의 신뢰성을 현장데이터를 이용하여 검증한 결과, 모혀으이 예측값이 근사적으로 츠덩한 실제 지체시간을 포함하는 긍정적인 결과를 도출하였다. 그러나 모형의 예측값 범위가 넓어 실용적인 MOE로 사용하기에 다소 무리가 있을 것으로 판단되므로, 개략적인 평가기준으로 모형이 예측한 값의 평균값을 보정하여 사용할 것을 제안한다. 모형의 신뢰성을 높이기 위해서는 본 연구에서 가정한 확률분포식에 대한 추가적인 검증이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 실제 상황을 표현하는데 있어 확률적 개념의 도입과 이러한 새로운 접근방법의 기초를 마련한 측면에서 의미를 갖는다. 또한, 양방향 2차로 도로에서의 지체시간은 실제 소요시간과 자유운행시 즉 다른 차량의 영향을 받지 않았을 때의 속도 및 운영시간과의 차이로 정의한 바, 실제 지체시간을 현장자료를 통해 구하기란 현실적으로 불가능하므로, 본 연구에서는 이러한 제약점을 극복할 수 있는 근사적인 지체시간을 계산하는 방법을 제시한 점에서 의미를 갖을 수 있다.

도시가로의 교통체계고나리 평가방법 개발

손봉수,김형진 대한국토·도시계획학회 2003 國土計劃 Vol.38 No.1

System evaluation is one of the primary functions of a traffic control system. Evaluation assesses performance level of the operations and maintenance function. In order to ensure that the system still meets overall needs, many agencies want to make a more in-depth evaluation of system and maintenance periodically rather than to make short-term evaluations which assess the immediate effects of an operational strategy and timing change. Travel volume and travel speed are typically used for evaluating the effects of new systems on traffic flow quality, control strategies, and other operational improvements by applying before and after measures of effectiveness (MOEs). Using these measures, in order to assess the effects, we have traditionally made a simple comparison for the changes of the measures. However, this method has limitation in reflecting the system-wise changes in all aspects of Transportation System Management(TSM) in urban area, since there are many interests in passenger cars, public buses, pedestrians, and bicycles in terms of having right-of-way in using the urban roads. This paper presents several measures of effectiveness as well as methods for evaluating Transportation system Management that can overcome the above-mentioned limitation of traditional methods.

복부대동맥류 치료의 임상적 고찰; 후복막 접근법과 경복막 접근법의 비교

손봉수,정성운,이상권 대한흉부외과학회 2009 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.42 No.1

Background: The principal surgical technique for treating an abdominal aortic aneurysm since the 1960s has been the transperitoneal approach, yet there have been some recent studies that have reported improved surgical results with using the retroperitoneal approach. However, there are only limited clinical Korean studies that have, compared between the transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches. Material and Method: This study included 36 patients who had been diagnosed as having an aneurysm of the abdominal aorta and they were surgically treated between January 2001 and July 2007. The patients were subdivided into the retroperitoneal approach group (n=17) and the transperitoneal approach group (n=19), and they were compared in terms of the preoperative risk factors, the postoperative complications and the operative mortality. The risk factors of operative mortality risk and long-term survival for the 36 patients were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Result: There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of gender, age, the underlying disease, a history of smoking, rupture of aneurysm, the preoperative symptoms, the operation time and the incidence of postoperative complications. However, the duration of postoperative fasting, the number of days of having an indwelling nasogastric tube and the length of the stay in the intensive care unit were significantly short for the retroperitoneal approach group (p<0.05). There was a 16.7% rate of operative mortality (6/36) and five of the deaths were attributed to preoperative ruptured aneurysm. On univariate analysis, a higher preoperative serum creatinine level (SCr ≥1.8 mg/dL, p=0.016) and ruptured aneurysm (p<0.001) were the significant risk factors of operative mortality. As assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method, the long-term survival was comparable between the groups and the five-year survival rate of all the patients was 57.5%. Conclusion: In the present study, a retroperitoneal approach has several advantages such as a shorter intensive care unit stay, a shorter duration of postoperative fasting and a shorter duration of an indwelling nasogastric tube. Therefore, unless there is any contraindication for a retroperitoneal approach, it could be considered as a primary surgical access for repairing an abdominal aortic aneurysm. 배경: 1960년대 이래로 복부 대동맥류의 주된 수술적 접근 방법은 경복막 접근법이나, 최근에는 후복막 접근법을 이용한 향상된 수술 성적들이 보고되고 있다. 하지만 후복막 접근법과 경복막 접근법의 비교에 대한 국내 연구는 제한적이다. 대상 및 방법: 2001년 1월부터 2007년 7월까지 복부대동맥류로 진단 받고 수술적 대동맥 치환술을 받은 36명 중 후복막 접근법을 이용한 17명과 경복막 접근법을 이용한 19명의 수술 전 위험인자, 술 후 합병증, 수술 사망률을 비교 분석하였다. 전체 36명의 환자에서 수술사망의 위험인자를 조사하고 Kaplan-Meier 생존 분석을 이용한 술 후 장기 생존율 조사 하였다. 결과: 대상 환자 중 두 군간에 성별, 연령, 동반 질환의 유무, 흡연력, 파열 유무, 술 전 증상간의 유의한 차이는 없었으며, 대동맥 재건술식, 수술시간 및 술 후 합병증의 발생빈도에서도 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 후복막 접근법 군에서 술 후 금식 기간 및 비위관 제거 기간이 짧았으며(p<0.05), 중환자실 재실 기간에서도 경복막 접근법 군에 비하여 유의하게 짧았다(p<0.05), 수술 사망은 총 6명(16.7%)이었으며 그 중 5명이 술 전 파열된 경우로, 단변량 분석에서 수술 전 1.8 mg/dL 이상의 혈중 크레아티닌 수치를 보이는 경우(p=0.016)및 파열된 복부 대동맥류(p<0.001)가 유의한 수술 사망의 위험 인자로 조사되었다. Kaplan-Meier 생존율 조사에서는 두 군간의 장기생존율의 차이는 없었으며 전체 환자의 5년 생존율은 57.5%였다. 결론: 본 연구 결과 후복막 접근법이 경복막 접근법에 비하여 중환자실 재실 기간이 짧고 술 후 금식 기간 및 비위간 거치 기간이 짧은 장점이 있었다. 따라서 후복막 접근법에 대한 특별한 금기가 없다면 후복막 접근법을 일차적으로 고려하는 것이 좋을 것으로 사료된다.

다당류를 생산하는 미생물의 분리와 배양특성

손봉수,박석규,강신권,이상원,성치남,성낙계 한국산업미생물학회 1995 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.23 No.3

토양으로부터 다당류를 생산하는 미생물을 분리하고 생성능이 우수한 한 균주를 최종 선정하여 균학적 성상을 조사한 결과 Xanthomonas 속과 거의 일치하였다. 최적배지 조성은 sucrose 50 g, peptone 1.5 g, KH_2PO_4 2 g, MgSO_4·7H_2O 2 g, NaCl 3 g, CaCO_3 0.05 g, FeSO_4·7H_2O 0.07 g, MnSO_4·7H_2O 0.05 g, 증류수 1리터였다. 최적 플라스크 배양에서 다당류 14.6 g/가 생산되었으며, 이때 수율은 29.8%였고 생산된 다당류는 분산효과와 겔 형성능이 우수하였다. A screening was performed to isolate exoploysaccharide-producing microorganisms, which synthesized specific exopolysaccharide for the substitutive of commercial polysaccharides, from natural sources. Soil bacterium, one of 378 mucoid isolates, was finally selected as potential producer of polysaccharides which made the culture broth very viscous and thus examined in detail for optimal medium composition. Isolated strain was identified as Xanthomonas sp. EPS-1 from the results of morphological and biochemical characteristics. The composition of optimal medium for exopolysaccharide production was as follows: 50 g sucrose, 1.5 g peptone, 2 g KH_2PO_4, 2 g MgSO_4·7H_2O, 3 g NaCl, 0.05 g CaCO_3, 0.07 g FeSO_4·7H_2O and 0.05 g MnSO_4·7H_2O in 1 liter of distilled water, From the experiments of temperature and pH dependence, the optimal conditions for exopolysaccharide biosynthesis seemed to be 30℃’and 8.0, respectively. About 14.9 gram of maximum exopolysaccharide per liter was obtained at the initial pH 8.0. 30℃ and 250 rpm in a flask culture. The exopolysaccharide EPS-1 had such potential as an emulsifying agent and a gelling agent in comparision with commercial exopolysaccharide.

Xanthomonas sp. EPS-1이 생산하는 다당류의 리올로지 특성

손봉수,박석규,강신권,이상원,성낙계 한국산업미생물학회 1995 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Xanthomonas sp. EPS-1 균주의 배양액으로부터 분리한 다당류 EPS-1의 분자량은 2.1×10exp(6) dalton으로 추정되며, 구성성분을 HPLC, IR 및 NMR을 이용하여 분석한 결과 mannose, glucose, galactose 및 glucosamine으로 이루어져 있다. 다당류 EPS-1 용액은 Power-law model을 따르는 비뉴우톤체의 의가소성 특성을 나타내었고, 1.0% 농도에서 점조도 지수(consistency index)와 유동지수(flow behavior index)는 각각 10.8352 poise·sec^(-n)과 0.4419였다. 또한 이 용액은 pH 5∼13까지의 범위에 대하여 안정하였으며, 저농도에서도 높은 점성을 나타내었고, NaCl에 대해서도 매우 안정하였다. For the screening of a new functional exopolysaccharide, sugar composition and rheologiccal properties of exopolysaccharide produced from Xanthomonas sp. EPS-1 were investigated. The average molecular weight of exopolysaccharide was determined to be approximately 2.1×10exp(6) dalton. The new exopolysaccharide EPS-1 was composed of mannose, glucose, galactose and glucosamine. IR analysis showed that the exopolysaccharide EPS-1 was assumed to be polymer with carbohydrates. NMR analysis showed that exopolysaccharide EPS-1 was presumed to be 4 units of sugar and trace of CH_3 group. Exopolysaccharide EPS-1 solution showed a characteristic of non-Newtonian fluid properties. At the concentration of 1.0%, the consistency index and the flow behavior index were shown at 10.8352 poise·sec “ and 0.4419, respectively. All dispersions were pseudoplastic fluids described accurately by Power-law model. Exopolysaccharide EPS-1 was highly viscous at low concentration, with good stability over a wide range of pH 5 to 13. The excellent compatibility of exopolysaccharide EPS-1 was represented with salts such as sodium chloride.

F-120 : Free Paper Presentation ; The Feasibility of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support for Inter-hospital Transport and as a Bridge to Lung Transplantation

손봉수,김도형,조우현,김윤성,이상권,강필제,이영석,이광하 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2013 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.116 No.-

Background: Regional lung transplantation centers should be equipped with an inter-hospital transport program that can provide life-support for lung transplant candidates who develop acute respiratory failure outside the hospital. The purpose of this study was to assess the value of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a means of support during transport and as a bridge to lung transplantation for transplant candidates who develop respiratory failure outside the transplantation center. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 7 patients who developed acute lung failure during treatment of end-stage lung diseases at other hospitals and for whom inter-hospital transport to the lung transplantation center at our hospital was requested between December 2011 and June 2013. Result: All 7 patients were treated with ECMO via a Terumo Emergency Bypass Systemⓡ (EBSⓡ) during transport, and all were transported without incident. There were no adverse events related to ECMO. All patients maintained stable vital signs during transport. Four patients received lung transplant within 10.5±2.3 days (range 7 to 12 days) after transport, 1 patient was weaned from ECMO without transplant, and 2 patients died with multi-organ failure while awaiting donor lungs. Conclusion: ECMO was useful for transfer of lung transplant candidates who developed acute respiratory failure at other institutions and as a bridge to lung transplantation.Background: Regional lung transplantation centers should be equipped with an inter-hospital transport program that can provide life-support for lung transplant candidates who develop acute respiratory failure outside the hospital. The purpose of this study was to assess the value of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a means of support during transport and as a bridge to lung transplantation for transplant candidates who develop respiratory failure outside the transplantation center. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 7 patients who developed acute lung failure during treatment of end-stage lung diseases at other hospitals and for whom inter-hospital transport to the lung transplantation center at our hospital was requested between December 2011 and June 2013. Result: All 7 patients were treated with ECMO via a Terumo Emergency Bypass Systemⓡ (EBSⓡ) during transport, and all were transported without incident. There were no adverse events related to ECMO. All patients maintained stable vital signs during transport. Four patients received lung transplant within 10.5±2.3 days (range 7 to 12 days) after transport, 1 patient was weaned from ECMO without transplant, and 2 patients died with multi-organ failure while awaiting donor lungs. Conclusion: ECMO was useful for transfer of lung transplant candidates who developed acute respiratory failure at other institutions and as a bridge to lung transplantation.

Biopolymer 생산 미생물의 분리 및 생산조건 검토

손봉수,성낙계 한국미생물생명공학회 1992 한국미생물생명공학회 학술발표초록집 Vol.1992 No.-

선진국의 교통관리계획 운영 사례

손봉수 대한지방행정공제회 2002 도시문제 Vol.37 No.6

녹맥아에서 추출한 $endo-{\beta}-1,3-glucanase$의 효소학적 성질

손봉수,성낙계,Son, Bong-Soo,Sung, Nack-Kie 한국응용생명화학회 1992 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.35 No.3

녹맥아로부터 $endo-{\beta}-1,3-glucanase$를 추출하여 각종 수지로써 정제하여 glucanase I과 glucanase II의 존재를 확인하였고, 정제한 두 효소의 특성에 대하여 실험한 결과, 두 정제 효소의 분자량은 각각 35,000과 28,000으로 추정되었으며 최적 pH는 5.5이었고 pH 안정 범위는 각각 달랐다. 두 정제효소의 최적 온도는 glucanase I, II 다 같이 $40^{\circ}C$이었으며 glucanase I에 비해 glucanase II가 열에 다소 안정하였다. 그리고 $AgNO_3$와 $HgCl_2$와 같은 화합물은 효소활성을 저해하였다. Laminarin을 기질로 하여 측정한 Km값은 glucanase I, II 각각 1.03 mg/ml, 1.20 mg/ml이었다. Two types of $endo-{\beta}-1,3-glucanases$ were purified from green malt and their basic characteristics were studied. Molecular weights of glucanase I and glucanase II were estimated, by electrophoresis, to be 35,000 and 28,000, respectively. Purified glucanase I and II showed the highest activity at pH $5.0{\sim}7.0$ and $5.0{\sim}8.0$, respectively. The optimal temperature of purified glucanase I and II was $40^{\circ}C$. Purified glucanase I and glucanase II were stable at $40^{\circ}$ for 60 min and at $50^{\circ}$ for 30 min. All enzymes were inactivited by $AgNO_3$ and $HgCl_2$ while those were not activated by various compounds tried. Km values of glucanase I and II were 1.03 mg/ml, 1.20 mg/ml, respectively.

분리균 S - 1 이 생산하는 Biopolymer 의 이화학적 특성

손봉수,성낙계 한국미생물생명공학회 1993 한국미생물생명공학회 학술발표초록집 Vol.1993 No.1