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땅콩의 근류형성(根瘤形成)과 질소고정(窒素固定)에 대한 근류균(根瘤菌) 접종방법(接種方法)의 영향(影響)
김무기,소재돈,박건호,최대웅,Kim, Moo-Key,So, Jae-Don,Park, Kun-Ho,Choi, Dae-Ung 한국토양비료학회 1992 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.25 No.1
Effective strains of cowpea bradyrhizobia JB7 $nal^rspe^r$ and CB756 $str^rrif^r$, antibiotic-resistant variants of JB7 and CB756, respectively, were used to examine changes of rhizosphere populations and nodule occupancy. Populations of each strain increased gradually in the rhizosphere, reaching a maximum of about $10^8$ cells per root system. Nodule number increased as the density of inoculum increased from $10^2$ cells to $10^8$ cells per seed. Inoculation with liquid suspension resulted in the formation of more nodules than the peat slurry or granule inoculation. When JB7 $nal^rspe^r$ and CB756 $str^rrif^r$ were introduced in equal numbers in inoculum mixtures the former consistantly occupied the majority of nodules with all three groundnut cultivars used. There was no difference in yield between nitrogen treatments and inocultation treatments. 항생제 내성 변이균주 JB7 $nal^rspe^r$와 CB756 $str^rrif^r$을 이용하여 살균하지 않은 밭토양에서 접종방법이 근류균의 증식과 근류형성 및 질소고정에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. JB7 $nal^rspe^r$균주(菌株)를 종자당 $10^2$에서 $10^8$세포수준으로 접종(接種)했을때 접종농도(接種濃度)의 증가와 함께 근류형성(根瘤形成)이 증가하였다. 접종방법별(接種方法別)로는 YMB배양 액체접종(液體接種)이 Peat slurry나 Peat입자(粒子) 접종(接種)보다 더 많은 근류(根瘤)를 형성(形成)했고, Peat slurry와 입자(粒子) 접종간(接種間)에는 차이가 없었다. 토양(土壤) g당 $10^3$ 세포(細胞)의 근류균(根瘤菌)을 함유(含有)하는 토양(土壤)에 JB7 $nal^rspe^r$와 CB756 $str^rrif^r$을 혼합(混合)하여 접종(接種)했을때 모든 근류(根瘤)가 접종균(接種菌)에 의하여 형성되었으며, JB7 $nal^rspe^r$균주(菌株)에 의한 근류점유율이 월등히 높았다. 품종간에 근류점유율의 차이는 없었다. 접종균류(接種菌株)는 근권에서 점진적으로 증식되었으며, JB7 $nal^rspe^r$가 더 큰 폭으로 증가되었다. 땅콩의 수량은 무접종구보다 접종구가 높았으나 질소처리구(窒素處理區)와 접종구간에는 차이가 없었다.
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동부류 근류균(根瘤菌)의 땅콩에 대한 근류형성(根瘤形成)과 질소고정(窒素固定)
김무기,박건호,소재돈,최대웅,Kim, Moo-Key,Park, Kun-Ho,So, Jae-Don,Choi, Dae-Ung 한국토양비료학회 1992 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.25 No.1
국내에서 분리(分離)된 73개의 땅콩 근류균(根瘤菌)과 31개의 도입된 Cowpea 근류균(根瘤菌)의 국내 땅콩 장려 품종(品種)에 대한 접종효과를 온실실험으로 조사하였던바 근류형성(根瘤形成)과 건물생산량 및 총(總) 질소함량(窒素含量)에서 다양한 변화(變化)를 보였다. 총(總) 건물생산량과 총(總) 질소함량(質素含量)의 서열간에 가장 높은 상관관계가 있었다. 조사된 균주중(菌株中)에서 51.9%, 26.4%, 21.7%가 각각 우량균주(優良菌株), 보통균주(普通菌株), 및 불량균주(不良菌株)로 나타났으며, JB7을 포함한 6개 균주가 가장 우수했다. 조사된 균주(菌株)는 YMA배지상에서의 생장특성에 따라 5개의 군(群)으로 분리되었다. Glasshouse experiments were conducted to evaluate nodulation, and $N_2$ fixation of 73 strains of Bradyrhizobia isolated from nodules of groundnuts and/or cowpeas grown at various location in Korea and 31 strains of cowpea Bradyrhizobia obtained from overseas sources. Of the strains tested 51.9%, 26.4%, and 21.7% were rated fully effective, partially effective, and ineffective, respectively. Eight very effective strains were selected. Nodulation, shoot dry mass, whole plant dry mass, and plant total N content were significantly correlated with each other. The highly significant correlation of total N content and plant dry mass ($r=0.98^{**}$) indicates that plant dry mass can be used as a measure of strain effectiveness in preliminary test.
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유기물(有機物) 시용(施用)이 땅콩 생육(生育)에 미치는 영향(影響)
황남열,채재석,소재돈,Hwang, Nam-Yul,Chae, Jae-Seok,So, Jae-Don 한국토양비료학회 1985 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.18 No.2
숙전(熟田)과 신야산개간지(新野山開懇地) 토양(土壤)에서 유기물(有機物) 종류별(種類別) 시용(施用)이 땅콩의 생육(生育)과 수량(收量) 그리고 토양화학성(土壤化學性)에 미치는 효과(效果)를 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 숙전(熟田)에서는 신선(新鮮)한 유기물(有機物)인 볏짚, 왕겨 시용이 수량(收量)을 증가(增加)시켰으나 야산개간지(野山開墾地)에서는 퇴비(堆肥) 시용(施用)이 수량(收量)을 증가(增加)시켰다. 2. 야산개간전(野山開墾田)에서 C/N율(率)이 높은 볏짚, 왕겨 시용구(施用區)가 근류(根瘤) 착생량(着生量)이 많았다. 3. 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)이 많을수록 야산개간전(野山開墾田)에서 수량(收量)이 증가(增加)되었으나 숙전(熟田)은 경향이 없었다. 4. 시험후(試驗後) 토양중(土壤中) 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)은 숙전(熟田)에서는 변화(變化)가 없었으나 야산개간전(野山開墾田)은 약간 증가(增加)되는 경향(傾向)이었다. This experiment was conducted to find out the effects of organic materials application on the growth of peanut, yield and chemical properties in mature field and newly reclaimed upland soil. The result can be summarized as follow. 1. Application of rice straw and rice hull increased the yield of peanut in mature field and compost plot was more yield than any other plot in newly reclaimed upland soil. 2. Rice straw and rice hull plot was heavier the weight of needles per plant than compost plot in newly reclaimed soil. 3. There was high correlation between soil O.M. at flowering stage and yield in newly reclaimed upland soil but was not significant in mature field. 4. Contents of soil O.M. did not change in mature field however this was increased tendency in newly reclaimed upland soil.
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생식생장기 냉수온이 벼의 Source와 Sink관련형질 및 양분호흡에 미치는 연구 I. 냉수관개가 지경과 영화의 분화 및 퇴화, 불임, 등숙에 미치는 영향
최수일,나종성,소재돈,이만상,Choi, Su-Il,La, Jong-Seong,So, Jae-Don,Lee, Man-Sang 한국작물학회 1985 한국작물학회지 Vol.30 No.4
This experiment was conducted to study effect of cold water damage on some growth characters related to source and sink at reproductive growth stage in Jinan (sea level 303m). The cold water irrigation duration had irrigated 4, 8 and 12 days at panicle formation stage and reproduction division stage compared to perennial water irrigation. Cold water irrigation shortened culm length and panicle length and degree of panicle exsertion. The shortening effect appeared great at lower internodes when treated at panicle formation stage but at higher internodes when treated at reduction division stage. Cold water irrigation decreased the number of secondary branches and spikelets per panicle, and increased the number of degenerated spikelets being high degeneration when treated at panicle formation stage. Spikelet sterility and impediment of grain filling were affected by duration of cold water irrigation being great when treated at spikelet primodium differentiation stage and reduction division stage in particular. Grain weight was also reduced. Significant relationship existed between spikelets sterility, grain filling and yield. The degeneration of secondary branches and spikelets correlated with leaf area but spikelet sterility and yield with culm length, panicle length and panicle exsertion.
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이덕배,임건재,권태오,이상복,소재돈,Lee, Deog-Bae,Im, Geon-Jae,Kwon, Tae-Oh,Lee, Sang-Bok,So, Jae-Don 한국토양비료학회 1991 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.24 No.3
질소무시용하(窒素無施用下)에서 소석회(消石灰), 고토석회(苦土石灰), 탄산석회(炭酸石灰)는 중화량(中和量), 황산석회(黃酸石灰)는 10a당(糖) 150kg시용(施用)하고 비닐피복후(被覆後) $40{\times}25cm$ 재식거리(栽植距離)로 1989년(年) 4월(月) 26일(日) 파종(播種)하여 호남(湖南) 작시(作試) 선발(選拔) 우량질소(優良窒素) 고정균(固定菌)(B. sp HCR-46)을 종자(種字) 1입당(粒當) $8.2{\times}10^7$ cell의 농도(濃度)로 접종(接種)한뒤 영호(嶺湖)땅콩의 종실성분(種實成分)의 변화(變化)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 땅콩에 착생(着生)한 근류수, 근류건중(根瘤乾重) 그리고 지하부건중(地下部乾重)은 근류균(根瘤菌) 접종(接種)으로 증가(增加)되었으며, 석회비종별(石灰肥種別)로는 탄산석회(炭酸石灰)>고토석회(苦土石灰)>소석회(消石灰)>무시용(無施用)>황산석회순(黃酸石灰順)이었다. 2. 근류균(根瘤菌) 접종(接種)으로 잎과 줄기중(中) T-N, $K_2O$, MgO, Allantoin, Ammonia, 유리(遊離)아미노산함량(酸含量), 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量)은 증가(增加)되었으나 Nitrate 와 줄기중(中) 전당(全糖), 전분(澱粉)의 함량(含量)은 감소(減少)되었다. 3. 잎과 줄기중(中) T-N, 유리(遊離)아미노산(酸), 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量)은 탄산석회시용구(炭酸石灰施用區)에서, $K_2O$, MgO, Allantoin, Ammonia 함량(含量)은 고토석회시용구(苦土石灰施用區)에서, CaO와 Nitrate함량(含量)은 소석회시용구(消石灰施用區)에서 가장 높았다. 4. 줄기중(中) 전당함량(全糖含量)은 황산석회(黃酸石灰)>무시용(無施用)>소석회(消石灰)>탄산석회(炭酸石灰)>고토석회순(苦土石灰順)이었다. 5. 야산개간지(野山開墾地)에서 석회비종별(石灰肥種別) 토양개량효과를 보면 탄산석회(炭酸石灰)는 산도교정력(酸度矯正力)과 Ca공급력(供給力)이 우수(優秀)했으며, 고토석회(苦土石灰)는 Mg공급력(供給力)이 우수(優秀)하였다. 6. 근류균(根瘤菌) 접종(接種)으로 주경장(主莖長), $m^2$당협수가 유의적(有意的)으로 증가(增加)했으며 종실수량(種實收量)은 무접종(無接種)보다 64%증가(增加)되었다. 석회비종별(石灰肥種別)로 보면 주경장(主莖長), 분지수, 종실수량(種實收量)은 탄산석회(炭酸石灰)>고토석회(苦土石灰)>소석회(消石灰)>황산석회(黃酸石灰)>무시용순(無施用順)이었다. This study was carried out to investigate the influence of inoculation with Bradyrhizobia and lime types on the nutrient content and yield of peanut. Inoculation size of Bradyrhizobium sp. HCR-46 was $8.2{\times}10^7$ cells per seed. Slaked lime, magnesium lime, and calcium carbonate were applied in an amount required for neutralization of soil. 150kg of calcium sulfate was fertilized to 10a of the experimental field. Sowing space was $40{\times}25cm$ under vinyl mulching. Leaves and stems for assay were sampled at 100 day after sowing. The obrained results are as follows. 1. Number and dry weight of nodule as well as dry weight of aerial part of peanut plant increased by inoculation with B. sp. and were the highest in calcium carbonate application. 2. Inoculated with B. sp., the contents of T-N, $K_2O$, MgO, allantoin, ammonia, free amino acid and chlorophyll increased, but that of nitrate decreased. 3. The contents of T-N, free amino acid, and chlorophyll were higher in the treatment of calcium carbonate, those of $K_2O$, MgO, allantoin, ammonia were higher in magnesium lime application, and those of CaO and nitrate were higher in slaked lime fertilization than any other lime types. 4. Contents of total sugar and starch in stem at 100 days were higher in the treatment of uninoculation than inoculation with B. sp., and those were highest in the calcium sulfate application than the other lime types. 5. Inoculated with B. sp. length of main stem and number of pods increased significantiy. Yield of seed was higher in inoculation with B. sp. than in uninoculation by 64%, and in the order of carbonate, magnesium lime, slaked lime, in calcium sulfate and non-application was the contribution of soil treatments to yield increases.
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