도시공원의 접근성 향상 방안 연구 - 경기도 권역을 중심으로 -

성현찬,신지영,Sung Hyun-Chan,Shin Ji-Young 한국조경학회 2005 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze the arrangement of parks, in whole city level by using park's effective distance and to find the accessibility obstacles in case of using parks, in boundary of each parks' effective distance, so that to show how to improve communities' usage of city parks. The 8 cities in Gyeonggi-do and analysed the effective distance of parks. To find the accessibility obstacles in the boundary of parks' effective distance, 1) we choose 18 sample parks and extract obstacles - wide road, rail road, river- in interior and verify it by field survey and asking the park user's residents directly. The main findings of this study can be summarized as follows: First, Ansan city and Goyang city are only satisfied with the minimal city parks size standard, so that the rest 6 cities are lack of quantities which residents can use. The result of analyzing effective distance in whole city level, parks are mainly designated in new-town, so that most cities which have old-towns have very poor park systems to use. Because Ansan city is new-planned city, it is very effective arrangement in park systems exceptionally. Second, $96.2\%$ of park users' are living in the area which was easy to gain access not intercepted by wide road, rail road or river. Third, therefore at the stage of planning park, effective distance and resident's accessibility as well as park's supply quantitatively are needed to be considered. In addition, selection of location and elevation of resident's safety and accessibility through making a plan must be reflected. In the low accessibility area, the program to improve park's accessibility and amenity - like making small park or pocket park, linking parks with resident-friendly road etc.- has to be investigated.

전략환경평가 모형의 개발과 적용에 관한 연구(I): 도시기본계획 평가를 중심으로

성현찬,김귀곤,Sung, Hyun-Chan,Kim, Kwi-Gon 한국환경영향평가학회 1997 환경영향평가 Vol.6 No.1

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is an assessment process integrated with policy and planning processes considering environmental impacts, not at the level of individual project, but at higher level of policy and plan. Presently, two systems for the SEA are being implemented in Korea. One is "the consultation of environmental investigation into a change in national land utilization", which is to be pre-discussed with the head of the related central administrative organizations, based on the respective individual code. The other is "the consultation of environmental investigation into an administrative plan and project", which is to be pre-discussed with the minister of the environments for the administrative plan. However, these two systems are not integrated procedures with the planning process. In other words, there is a separate post-environmental assessment after planning. Also concrete proposal is not yet prepared for the method and procedure of environmental investigation about details of the planning. Therefore, they do not playa role in taking precautions for environmentally sustainable development. In this study, for the effective environmental investigation at the level of planning, environmental assessment model to be integrated with urban comprehensive plans was developed. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, based on the analysis of systematic problems in environmental investigation of this country, the study compared and analysed the SEA method of foreign countries. derived the potential limitations in its applications to this country. Also, the new method in this study, is integrated into planning process by improving the limitations. Thus, we developed the SEA model for this country, which consists of seven steps ; Phase 1; establishing a work program, Phase 2; defining the scop. of the SEA, Phase 3; analyzing an existing environmental situation, Phase 4; examining the consistency with environmental policy, Phase 5; appraising and synthesizing the plan content, Phase 6; proposing recommendations, Phase 7; monitoring and feedback. Second, the two types of application program of the developed assessment model were proposed. One is to integrate this model into planning process, and the other is for the institute and ministry of environments to implement SEA after planning. An aim of this study was developing an environmental assessment model at the planning level which was not yet established in this country and was to apply the model to urban comprehensive plan for inspection. This research will make the effective operation of environmental investigation system possible at the planning level in this country and contribute to the environmental protection at the global level.

등온 수직벽의 자연대류 막응축 모델에 관한 비교분석

성현찬,김경훈,Sung, Hyun-Chan,Kim, Kyoung-Hoon 대한기계학회 2000 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.24 No.10

The existing theoretical models for steady two-dimensional free convective laminar film condensation of pure saturated or superheated vapor under atmospheric pressure on isothermal vertical wall have been reviewed. To investigate the effects such as inertia, thermal convective and liquid-vapor interface shear stress, the models of constant or variable properties in liquid film for condensation of saturated vapor are compared in detail with Nusselt model. Also, for condensation of superheated vapor, the effects of superheated temperature and variable properties in liquid and vapor layers are examined and then a new correlation is proposed to predict the heat transfer. The results are in good agreement with the Shang's correlation within 2% errors.

관리지역 내 개발사업에 대한 환경성 평가방안 연구

성현찬 ( Hyun Chan Sung ) 한국환경보건기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2010 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.13 No.3

This study aimed at reviewing the case examples of environmental assessment of development projects within management zones, identifying problems and improvement opportunities and suggesting the direction of environmental assessment for management zones that are increasingly segmented Findings showed that first, the assessment of environment soundness in management zones must incorporate the national land environmental map and wide-area ecological axes established by the Ministry of Environment. Second, regarding development activities in management zones, rather than an issue of simply destroying natural environment in a development site itself during a development period, an issue of permanently isolating ecosystems from surrounding areas in a mid/long-term perspective and continually polluting water in mid-stream/upstream regions where sites are located must be considered. Third, in the case of development projects with vast areas, existing plant communities will be disturbed and the naturalness of vegetation will gradually decline due to foreign tree species introduced for landscape architecture. Therefore, creating buffer forests at forest boundaries and planting native tree species that are same as nearby tree species must be examined. Last but not least, when assessing the environmental soundness of management zones, it would be crucial to comprehensively review the environmental, social and locational features of management zones, including surrounding areas, and set the direction of environmental assessment accordingly.

지방자치단체 환경영향평가 조례 비교 연구

성현찬 ( Hyun Chan Sung ),민수현 ( Soo Hyun Min ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2003 환경영향평가 Vol.12 No.3

This study aims to survey whether local governments have legislated laws and regulations on environment impact assessment system, to compare and analyze specific projects and their scale, assessment items, and procedures & discussion process, to identify issues and generate improvement plans, and to suggest a direction for future legislation to local governments that plan to legislate laws and regulations in the future. Major outcome of the study are as follows. First, terminologies used for environment impact assessment by local governments need to be unified. Also, laws and regulations need to be legislated soon. Second, in urban development project areas, a total of nine project areas including quarrying of soil and stone, sand, gravel, and minerals was essential common projects. A total of six project types were added or newly established compared to national systems. Among them, four project types were added within national-level project areas and two project types were not available under the national-level project areas and newly added due to the nature of local governments. Third, in terms of project scale, scale enhancement of urban development project was most common. Analysis showed that in case of clean natural environment such as Cheju Island, it is necessary to consider reinforcing project areas where development activities take place directly in forests or rivers such as industrial base and complex development, water resource development, and development of tourism complex. Fourth, the discussion and review procedures of assessment reports were similar to those at government level. However, in case of Seoul city, it is required to write a preparation plan before drafting an assessment report. The city features partial introduction of scoping and screening, which allows to exempt discussion procedures if impact on environment is found to be minimal after drafting the assessment report. In case of national-level, it has a dual system that is split between Ministry of Construction and Transportation and Ministry of Environment. However, in case of environment impact assessment of local governments, it is a single system where city mayors and provincial governors are in charge of both project execution and environmental assessment. Therefore, the most important task is how to satisfy objectiveness and accountability.

도시공원녹지의 생태성 및 기후변화 대응성 평가 기초 연구

성현찬 ( Hyun Chan Sung ),황소영 ( So Young Hwang ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2013 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Problems in regard of ecological stability of urban ecosystem ensue from climate change and urbanization. Particularly, urban ecological conditions are deteriorating both quantitatively and qualitatively to a great extent. The present study aims to assess the current condition of selected sites (i. e. urban green zones and parks) in terms of preset assessment components; to find out problems and relevant solutions to improve the quality and quantity of parks and green zones; and ultimately to suggest some measures applicable to coping with climate change as well as to securing the ecological attributes of urban green zones and parks. According to the findings of this study, from quantitative perspectives, ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change are high on account of the large natural-soil area(80%). By contrast, from qualitative perspectives including the planting structure (1 layer: 47%), the percentage of bush area(17%), the connectivity with surrounding green zones (independent types: 44%), the wind paths considered (5.6%), the tree species with high carbon absorption rates (20%), water cycles (17%), energy (8%) and carbon storage capacities(61%), ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change were found very low. These findings suggest that the ecological values of urban parks and green zones should be improved in the future by conserving their original forms, securing natural-soil grounds and employing multi-layered planting structures and water bodies, and that responsiveness to climate change should be enhanced by planting tree species with high carbon storage capacities and obtaining detention ponds. In sum, robust efforts should be exerted in the initial planning stages, and sustained, to apply the methodology of green-zone development along with securing ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change.

신,구시가지의 도시공원 불균형 분포 분석 및 개선방안 연구

성현찬 ( Hyun Chan Sung ),이양주 ( Yang Ju Lee ) 한국환경복원기술학회 2012 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.15 No.3

The objective of this study is to analyze the distribution of urban parks and its problems in a city in Gyeonggi-do where new towns and old towns are mixed. The study will also analyze and understand the unbalanced deployment of urban parks - rest areas and carbon absorbers of an entire city - between old towns and new towns, suggest improvement opportunities and examine and suggest plans to create and expand urban parks in old cities that lack urban parks. Findings showed that first, new towns were 1.2~1.6 higher than old towns in the number of parks, park area, and per capita park area, indicating that parks were unbalanced across towns. Second, as for a plan for improving the unbalanced deployment of urban parks, when the use area needs to be changed in an urban development project, it was suggested to donate 10% of the project site to the city to create it into a park and it was suggested to identify and proactively improve alternative park resources that can replace parks such as rivers and recreational sites. Third, regarding a plan for improving urban parks in old towns, it was suggested to secure urban parks by attracting various urban development projects to old town areas. The amendment of related laws was proposed to double required park area to 6m2 per household. Amendments were also suggested for one law and four guidelines to specifically define the location of urban parks as well.

연구논문(硏究論文) : 도시 내 자연환경(산림, 하천)과 근린공원의 연결 현황 평가 및 연결방안

성현찬 ( Hyun Chan Sung ),김수련 ( Su Ryeon Kim ),강다인 ( Da In Kang ),황소영 ( So Young Hwang ) 한국환경복원기술학회 2015 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.18 No.5

In this research, the connectivity status between natural environment (forests and rivers) and urban parks in view of ecological networks in a city is evaluated and on the basis of these evaluation results, a future connectivity enhancing recommendations are suggested. As a result, the 96.8% of the connectivity role of the neighborhood parks were core or connected parks and as in terms of the ecological pattern on the outer park, 84.1% of the case neighborhood parks were connected to the ecological element at least one side. Therefore, it can be expected to play a role as corridor that enables the direct connection with the natural environment if the connection plan is well established. As a result of connectivity evaluation of the parks, inside of the parks had low ecological element overall and had low connectivity, outside of the parks had 1.5 times more of low connectivity parks than high connectivity parks, and had similar disconnections such as facilities(fence, soundproof walls, breast walls, etc.), developments(roads, apartment complexes, industrial complexes, etc.), or poor greens regardless of the neighborhood with the ecological elements. To increase the connectivity of ecological network, the cities already built shall secure primarily green territory where can connect with the isolated park due to the surrounding with the developing areas and when planning for new cities or residential complexes, it shall establish a connection plan with the nearby at the beginning.

도시생태네트워크 구축을 위한 도시공원의 연결성 평가 기초 연구

성현찬 ( Hyun Chan Sung ),김미리 ( Mi Ri Kim ),황소영 ( So Young Hwang ),김수련 ( Su Ryeon Kim ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2014 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Urban Green Area has ecologically deteriorated along with quantitative loss, being developed as a dot itself rather than connected to forests and green networks around the park. The present study aims to propose a connected plan on Urban Ecological Network establishment through ‘assessment of the connectivity of the entire urban parks`` in accordance with distance of forest and river and ‘assessment of trends in connection fragmentation of urban parks`` in accordance with the past change of forest and river. According to the result of this study, criteria based on previous research was “directly linked type is less than 300m, conceptually linked type is between 300m to 1km, the isolated type is greater than 1km”. And the result of ‘assessment of the connectivity of the entire urban parks`` is analyzed as the rate of park and green network, 41.7% in Suwon, 80.0% in Seongnam, 88.9% in Namyangju on the basis of office and field investigation. Also, according to the result of ‘assessment of trends in connection fragmentation of urban parks``, consideration for connection to the original forest is insufficient.

연구논문: 경기도 민간환경단체의 역할에 대한 의식조사 - 공무원과 도민의 설문조사 비교를 중심으로 -

성현찬(Sung Hyun Chan) 한국환경영향평가학회 2002 환경영향평가 Vol.11 No.1

The opinionnaire was given to two groups; residents and public officials working at environmental administrative section. Based on the result of questionnaire, perceptional differences between these groups toward environmental NGOs were comparatively analyzed. The results were classified into following four items; Firstly, numbers of residents who recognize the existences of environmental NGOs in Kyonggi-Do were lower than those who didn`t. Secondly, in both groups, more than 80% of respondents acknowledged that residents should be involved in decisions and developments of environmental projects. Thirdly, respondents belonging to both groups overwhelmingly selected the item being improved as the answer for the question asking whether NGOs` environmental activities contribute to improve of environmental conditions. This indicated that public officials also acknowledged the positive role of NGOs in environmental issues. Lastly, the answer of intensive upbringing is necessary was ranked as the first place for the question asking necessity of raising environmental NGOs. However, it was hard to tell which opinion was superior in the matter of financial support necessity for NGOs judging from the answers by respondents of public officials