들깨기름을 투여한 흰쥐의 혈액 지질량과 그외 혈액성분 변화 고찰

서화중(Hwa-Jung Sheo) 한국식품영양과학회 2001 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.30 No.4

흰쥐를 4군으로 나누어 사료 중의 지방성분으로 들깨기름(PO군), 옥수수기름(CO군), 우지(BO군), 그리고 우지와 들깨기름 동량 혼합유지(BP군)를 각각 9.4%씩 첨가하여 4주간 급여한 후 체중 증가율과 사료 섭취량을 측정한 결과 들깨기름이 체중 증가율과 사료 섭취량에 별다른 영향을 주지 않았다. 측정된 PO군의 혈액 중 중성지방량, 총 cholesterol 농도가 BO군 혹은 BP군보다 낮았다. PO군의 LDL-cholesterol은 실험군 중에서 가장 낮았다. PO군은 혈액 중 중성지방량, 총 cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol 농도에서 CO군과 비교하여 유의적인 차이가 없었다. BP군의 중성지방량, 총 cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol 농도는 BO군보다 각각 9.2%, 10.3%, 18.6% 낮았다. PO군의 GOT, ALP 활성값과 uric acid 농도는 다른 모든 실험군의 값들보다 높았고 정상 흰쥐의 기준치 보다 약간 높게 나타났다. 따라서 들깨기름은 옥수수기름과 비슷한 수준의 혈액 중 지질량 감소 효과를 보였지만 4주간 계속 매일 들깨기름 12.5 g/b.w.kg을 섭취한 PO군의 흰쥐에서는 들깨기름 섭취로 인하여 간장 등의 장기에 가벼운 부담이 있는 것으로 보였다. To compare the hypolipidemic effects of perilla oil with different kinds of dietary fat and oil, forty eight, 20 days old, male Wistar rats were fed one of the following diets for 4 weeks: basal diet for control containing 9.4 w/w% corn oil (CO), 9.4 w/w% beef tallow (BO), 9.4 w/w% perilla oil (PO), and 4.7 w/w% beef tallow plus 4.7% perilla oil (BP). The amount of diet consumed and body weight gain rate were not significantly different among the four dietary groups. The levels of plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol in PO group were significantly lower than those of BO and BP groups. PO group also had significantly lower LDL-cholesterol concentration than other groups. The levels of plasma triglyceride, total-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol in BP group were significantly lower than those in BO group, by 9.2%, 10.3%, and 18.6%, respectively. Plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, and uric acid levels in PO group were significantly higher than other groups, and were somewhat beyond the normal levels. These findings showed that perilla oil with hypolipidemic effects could have some adverse effects on hepatic and other organic functions in rats.

全 地域 女子高等學校 運動選手의 營養實態 調査 : 全南體育高等學校 女學生을 中心으로

서화중,이명열,채경금 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1985 自然科學硏究 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this survey was to investigate the mutrition status of the female athletes of girls' high school in Jeon-Nam related dietary and nutritional intake, questionairing about the attitude and preference on diet and nutrition and physical state. Total 90 students were investigated. Nutritional survey was carried out from August 27 to September 27 in 1984(30 days). The results are as follows: 1. Total amount of food intake per person per day was 1,163.4g(61.7%) in vegetable and 723.3g(38.3%) in animal food. 2. In daily average nutrient intake of student, the caloric intake was 2,519.6 kcal, which was composed of carbohydrate 332.3g (55.7%), protein 130g (21.8%) and at 59.7g (22.5%). Other nutrient consumption, such as Calsium(1,333.9mg). Iron(35.8mg), Vitamin A(8,472.3 I.U.), Vitamin B_1(2.6mg), Vitamin B_2(3.2mg), Niacin(53.5mg). and Vitamin C(195.2mg) were higher than the athletes recommended dietary allowance. 3. Calory intake was generally favorable, but slight difference was observed in the daily intake about the kind of athlete and the great difference was observed in the daily intake in some person. 4. The condition they felt badly was the period of after-meal(84%), before-mensturation(81%), at noon of daytime(53%), in summer(77%). It is desirable for the female athletes to increase the frequency and the amounts of between meal refreshments in order to take a nutrition evenly.

시금치(Spinach) 添加飼料가 成長Rat의 Calcium 代謝에 미치는 影響에 關한 硏究

서화중,권성원 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1983 自然科學硏究 Vol.6 No.1

In order to evaluate the effect of the spinach on the calcium metabolism of the growth rat, Author prepared the fodder added spinach which has a lot of oxalic acid compared with other vegetable and rats were fed with the fodder for five weeks. No effects were observed in the 0.02% and 0.6% group added spinach but above the 1% group the fodder intake, rat body weight, calcium absorption rate, and blood ca level were decreased according to the increasing quantity of the spinach added. In this experiment the oxalic acid contained in spinach likely was seemed to be a antintrition factor on the calcium metabolism of the rat. The observed critical level of toxic effect on the rats, therefore, was 1% spinach in the fodder in which total oxalic acid was 64㎎/fodder㎏, and maximum no effect level was 0.6%(total oxalic acid 4.3㎎/㎏) From the above result the harmless daily intake of spinach in human meal was, presumably, about 40g which contain 258㎎ of oxalic acid.

就學前 兒童의 營養實態 調査 : 全南 靈光郡을 中心으로 Young Gwang Gun, Chun Nam

徐華中,朴垠暻,李明烈 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 自然科學硏究 Vol.9 No.1

The following questionares were made through interview with their mothers of 400 children (226 male and 174 female) in Moo Ryong-ri and Do Dong-ri, Young Gwang Gun, Chun Nam, from July 22 to August 2 in 1985. ① The height and body weight of the male and female-children were above the standard all through the ages except for the 1 and 2 year-old male-children in body- weight. ② In early childhood nutrition 50.50% of subjects was breast feeding, 20.75% bottle-fed and combination-fed. In weaning period 40% of subjects was weaned within 6 months after birth, 46% of them was between 7-12 months and 14% of them were weaned after 13 months. ③ The composition rate of carbohydrates was lower than the other areas as that of carbohydrates, fat and protein was 55~75% : 12~27% respectively. ④ Snacks were served 2.7 times a day to them on the average, and were mainly eaten fruits, biscuits, cakes and ice creams. The children of 174 had an unbalanced diet and their liked mainly meats. ⑤ In food preference, the favorite foods were biscuits, fruits, milks and ice creams. The unfavorite foods were vegetables (such as onions), pepper foods, meats and food included lots of oil.

決明子抽出物이 實驗的으로 誘發된 家兎의 肝臟機能障碍에 미치는 影響

徐華中,李明烈,安仁淑 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1988 自然科學硏究 Vol.11 No.1

These studies were carried out to invstigate effects of Cassiae semen extract(C.S.E.) on rabbits with damaged liver induced by CCl_4; C.S.E. administered groups were showed more rapid recuperation than the control group intoxicated by CCl_4 only; SGPT activity was lowered apparently in 800㎎/㎏ administered group after 6 days. The levels of total cholesterol and total bilirubin were decreased significantly in 800㎎/㎏ from loth and 6th day, respectively. But significant differences were not observed in alkaline phosphatase between sample and control group. It is suggested that C.S.E. can be administerd not only as a therapeutic agent(such as liver tonics) but also a healthy food to shorten the recovery time of hepatic function in liver deseases.

梔子(Gardenia Fructus)를 利用한 食用色素 開發에 關한 硏究

徐華中(Sheo Hwa Jung) 韓國營養學會 1981 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.14 No.1

Aloe Gel의 생리 효과에 대한 고찰 - Gel의 다당류와 미량 성분을 중심으로 -

서화중(Hwa Jung Sheo) 한국식품영양과학회 1995 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.24 No.6

Aloe 식물에서 만든 전통적 aloe는 현대 임상 의약분야에서 이전의 인기를 거의 잃고 있지만 aloe gel은 그간 그의 효능 즉 여러가지 치료작용과 대사에 대한 유익한 tonic 효과를 밝히려는 수많은 연구자들에 의해서 꾸준히 gel의 치료 효능이 주장되어 온 반면에 상당수의 연구자들에 의한 상반된 연구 결과로 인해 aloe gel 효능에 대한 논쟁은 계속되고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 aloe gel을 원료로한 외용 또는 내용의 치료제와 화장품 그리고 특히 건강 식품들(general tonics)이 대중적 인기를 끌고 있다. 따라서 현재는 aloe gel 산업이 비교적 경제성을 크게 유지하는데 여기에는 일부 promotional works나 대중 매체의 영향도 일조 했으리라 본다(21). Gel의 유익한 생리작용을 내는 원인 물질에 관해 그간 많은 연구 보고에서 gel의 미량 성분들 중 salicylic acid의 진통 소염작용, Mg ion의 마취작용, Mg-lactate의 항 histamine작용, Aloctin A의 세포 성장 촉진에 의한 상처 치료작용, carboxypeptidase와 bradykinase에 의한 통증 감소와 소염작용이 여러 연구자들에 의해 제안되었으나 이들 생리작용이 현대 임상 약리학에서 거의 입증이 안되었고 지지를 받지 못했다. Gel내 미량 anthraquinone 배당체(aloin)가 false substrate inhibitor작용에 기인한 항 prostanoid(항PG와 항TX) 효과에 의한 소염, 화상, 동상 상처 치료 작용을 낸다는 가설이 한 때 상당 기간 많은 연구자들에 의해 주장되었으나 이 제안도 증명되지 못했고 이제는 다른 연구자들의 다른 주장들에 의해 가려지고 있다. 또 gel의 항미생물, 항당뇨, 간해독 작용 등이 gel내 미량 anthraquinone 화합물의 작용에 기인할 것으로 제안되었다. 1980년 중반 부터 최근(1993년)에 이르기 까지 많은 연구자들에 의해 새로이 주장되고 있는 gel의 생리작용은 주성분 다당류인 acetylglucomannan과 acetylmannan 및 glycoprotein에 의한 면역 증진 내지 면역 조절작용에 의한 감염 상처 치료, 소염, 항미생물, 항암 작용이 계속 제안되고 있다. 저자는 acetylpolysacchride의 acetyl기가 in vivo에서 cyclooxygenase를 억제하여 항 prostanoide 효과를 낼 것으로 가정해 본다. 이제는 acetylpolysacchride에 대한 여러 주장들이 임상적으로 증명되어 gel의 효력에 대한 논쟁에서 결론이 날 것으로 기대해 본다. Aloe gel의 다당류 acemannan의 실험 동물(개)에 대한 독성 실험 결과 복강내 주입에 의한 최저 부작용 유발량은 5.0㎎/㎏이었으나 aloe gel은 일반적으로 무독한 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 aloe gel의 임상 적용에서 가끔 과민 반응에 의한 부작용 사례 보고를 다수 볼 수 있고 실험적 연구에서도 입증되어 있으므로 aloe gel을 건강 식품으로 섭취하는 경우나 국소 적용시 유의해야 할 점이라 생각된다. 결국 aloe gel의 오랜 연구역사를 볼 때 어떤 생리작용의 기전에 의존하던 간에 aloe gel이 유익한 여러 효과를 낸다는 사실을 간단히 부정하기는 어려울 것 같다. Although aloe lost a lot of its previous popularity in modern clinical uses as medicine numerous scientific researches still have claimed the beneficial properties(curing and general tonic effect) of aloe gel. Whereas considerable contradictory reports have helped to confuse the aloe gel issue and continually aroused controversy about aloe gel efficacy. However health food, cosmetic and medicinal products made from aloe gel are widely available in the world market especially in U.S.A. so the growing of Aloe plant and the processing of A. vera gel have become big industries in some countries. In some previous papers the salicylic acid, one of the common trace gel components, was thought to have an analgetic and antiinflammatory effect. large amount of Mg ion in the gel was suggested to act as anesthetic, Mg-lactate as antihistamic, and Aloctin A(a glycoprotein) as wound healer by promoting the cell growth. The carboxypeptidase and bradykinase activity in the gel were proposed to have the pain relieving and antiinflammatory effect. But any of these theories concerning the physiological action of the trace gel components has not been demonstrated by modern pharmacology, and failed to be supported by clinical research. It was suggested by some research workers that trace amount of anthraquinone compounds in the gel play an important role to act as false substrate inhibitors for PC and TX production (antiprostanoid effect), by which, they believed, inflammation, burn and frostbite, and infected wound could be healed. This hypothesis has not been substantiated. But the suggested antimicrobial action, antidiabetic, and antidotic effect of aloe gel are likely to be attributed to the trace anthraquinone compounds. In a lot of recent experimental reports it has been claimed that aloe gel polysaccharides(acetylglucomannan, acetylmannan, and glycoprotein) have the antimicrobial, antinflammatory, antitumour, and infected wound healing effect by immunoenhancement. It is hoped that these effects will be soon documented in clinical studies, then the controversy on aloe gel beneficial effect will cease. In the 30 days subchronic toxicity test the lowest observed adverse effect level of acemannan (acetylmannan) on dog was 5.0㎎/㎏, IP. But the aloe gel is generally agreed to be harmless and non toxic even for the internal use such as health food. In the case of idiosyncrasy one must keep the delayed type hypersensitivity reaction of aloe gel in mind. In conclusion it seem to be impossible to simply refuse a lot of evidences made by research workers who have claimed aloe gel's beneficial effects and to deny the fact that there had been long therapeutic histories of Aloe plants.

매실추출물이 흰쥐의 위액분비 및 사염화탄소로 유발시킨 가토의 간장장애에 미치는 영향

서화중(Hwa-Joog Sheo),이명렬(Myung-Yul Lee),정두례(Doo-Le Chung) 한국식품영양과학회 1990 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.19 No.1

매실추출물을 시료로 흰쥐의 위액분비기능 및 실험적으로 유발시킨 가토의 간장기능장애에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 매실추출물은 대조군에 비하여 총산도 및 pepsin활성도를 유의성있게 증가시켰으며 위액량은 감소시켰으나 위액의 pH에는 별다른 영향을 미치지 않았다. 또 매실추출물은 CCl₄로 간장기능장애를 일으킨 가토에 투여하면 대조군에 비하여 빠른 간장기능회복을 나타냈다. 즉 sGPT는 제6일째부터, total cholesterol량 및 alkaline phosphatase활성도는 제10일째부터 우수한 강하효과를 보였으나 total bilirubin량은 커다란 변화를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 매실추출물은 위내에서 pepsin활성도를 증가시켜 위소화를 촉진시키는 건위제로 사용될 수 있으며 또한 계속 투여하므로써 간장기능을 점차 회복시킬 수 있는 건강식품으로의 이용이 기대된다. The aim of this study is to investigate effects of Prunus mume extract on gastric secretion in rats and experimentally carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage of rabbits. The groups of Prunus mume extract showed excellent increasing effect in total acidity and peptic activity, and decreasing effect on gastric volume than the control group, whereas clear differences were not found between sample adminstered group and control group in gastric pH. In liver function test, Prunus mume extract exhibited rapid recuperation of liver function, that is, sGPT activity showed an apparant decreasing effect from the 6th day, total cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase level from the 10th day, respectively, compared to the control group in carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rabbits. It is suggested that Prunus mume extract can be used as the stomachics to promote the gastric digestion by increasing the peptic activity, and health food to shorten the recovery time from liver diseases.

남해안에서 서식하는 수산물의 중금속 함량에 관한 연구

서화중(Hwa-Jung Sheo),홍성운(Sung-Wun Hong),최종환(Jong-Hwan Choi) 한국식품영양과학회 1993 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.22 No.1

광양만 여수만 순천만 보성만 거문도에서 어획한 수산물과 수질 및 sediment의 중금속 함유 실태를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 지역별로는 광양만의 수산물에서 Cu를 최고 1.208ppm 그리고 sediment에서 Cu와 Pb를 각각 최고 2.13, 4.34ppm을 검출 하였다. 여수만의 수산물과 sediment에서 Hg을 각각 최고 0.102, 0.032ppm을 검출 하였다. 순천만의 수산물과 해수에서 Pb를 각각 최고 0.039ppm, 0.013㎍/L 검출하였다. 보성만의 수산물과 해수 및 sediment에서 Cd를 각각 최고 0.277ppm, 0.09㎍/L, 0.08ppm 검출 하였다. 거문도는 측정된 중금속 함량 수준이 제일 낮아 거의 청정해역이었다. 수산물 종류 별로는 민꽃게에서 Hg, Cu, Zn, Mn을 각각 최고 0.092, 1.905, 6.64, 46.34ppm을 검출하고 소라에서 Pb, Cd를 각각 최고 0.045, 0.38ppm을 검출하였다. 기타 꽃새우, 바지락, 청각, 톳은 중금속 함량수준이 낮았다. 조사한 5개지역의 수산물, 해수 및 sediment의 중금속 함량은 국내외의 중금속 허용 기준치를 벗어나지 않으므로 오염에 대한 우려는 없었다. In this survey the results showing the highest values among the analyzed data of all specimens are summarized as follow. At Kwangyang bay Cu in the fishery was detected up to 1.208ppm and the level of Cu and Pb in sediment of this area were 2.13 and 4.34ppm, respectively. The contents of Hg in fishery and sediment of Yeosu bay were 0.102 and 0.032ppm. The levels of Pb in fishery and seawater of Sunchon bay were 0.039ppm and O.013㎍/L, respectively. At Posung bay the contents of Cd were 0.277ppm, 0.09㎍/L and 0.08ppm in the specimens of fishery, seawater and sediment, respectively. The analyzed data of all specimens at Keamundo were very low level or undetectable. Of the 6 fishery samples, Charybdis japonica showed the upper level of Hg, Cu, Zn, Mn as 0.092, 1.905, 6.64, and 46.34ppm, respectively. The contents of Pb and Cd in Batillus cornatus were 0.045 and 0.38ppm respectively and other fishery had low level of heavy metal. In this study the contents of heavy metals analyzed in all specimens showed nearly natural occurrence level which is under the legal limits.

신축 인공호의 수질본태와 오화진행에 관한 위생화학적 연구 - 영산강 상류 , 광주호 , 나주호 , 장성호를 중심으로 -

서화중 ( Hwa Jung Sheo ) 한국하천호수학회 1978 생태와 환경 Vol.11 No.3·4

This study is about the initial survey of water quality, pollution process, and the characteristics of the water of surface drain type of the artificial lakes constructed recently only for short term irrigation. These lakes are Gwangju Lake, Damyang Lake, Naju Lake, and Jangseong Lake. According by this survey, the water of these lakes have similar to quality of natural lakes and also have thermocline zone. The surface layer water of these lakes have a little different to ingredients and physico-chemical condition compare to the bottom drain type lakes. The ingredients of these water of bottom layer is comparatively low value of DO and pH in October and heve a little precipitant. The precipitants may be originated from lake catchment or in stagnant state. In August and during summer, the water of the surface layer was fully saturated with DO, and pH value was increased, and are very poor ingredients. Perhaps these phenomena are caused by photosynthesis of a very small quantity of phytoplankton. The water of the four lakes are clean in present condition like the natural state and not yet affected by pollutants. Therefore these are suitable for the source of drinking water, but they may heve increased pollution level faster than the bottom drain type lakes because these four lakes are surfacc drain type and the term of drainage is short.