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변임규,JeungJin Park,박태주 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.1
A new method based on sulfide utilizing autotrophic denitrification was adopted to remove nitrate from wastewater and to reuse spent sulfidic caustic containing high sulfide and alkalinity levels. The experiments were performed using a bench-scale upflow anoxic hybrid growth reactor (UAHGR) and an upflow anoxic suspended growth reactor (UASGR) to characterize the stoichiometric relationship between sulfur and nitrate in the process as well as the performance of the reactors. The level of nitrate removal from the UAHGR and UASGR were maintained at over 90% at a nitrate loading rate ranging from 0.15~0.40 kgNO3-/m3·d and no significant nitrite accumulation was observed in either reactor. Although the influent pH values were higher than the optimum range of autotrophic denitrification at 8.7~10.1, the effluent pH was stable at 7.2~7.9 due to the production of hydrogen ions during operation. The stoichiometric ratio of sulfate production to nitrate removal was 1.5~2.1 mgSO42-/mgNO3- in both reactors. A comparison of the reactor performance revealed that the chemical parameters of the UAHGR operation corresponded to a plug flow like type reactor while the chemical parameters of the UASGR operation corresponded to a completely stirred tank reactor like type reactor. UAHGR did not require sludge recycling due to the packed media while UASGR required 300~700% sludge recycling. Therefore, spent sulfidic caustic could be used in the sulfur utilizing autotrophic denitrification processes as substrate and alkalinity sources.
변임규,JeungJin Park,SoRa Park,TaeHo Lee,박태주 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.1
Spent sulfidic caustic was applied to sulfur utilizing autotrophic denitrification as the simultaneous source of electron donor and alkalinity. The two experiment set-up of upflow anoxic hybrid growth reactor (UAHGR) and upflow anoxic suspended growth reactor (UASGR) was adopted and nitrate removals were similar in both reactors. Approximately 90% of the initial nitrate was denitrified at nitrate loading rate of 0.15~0.40 kgNO₃-/m³·d. The experimental stoichiometric ratio of sulfate production to nitrate removal was ranged from 1.5 to 2.1 mgSO₄²-/mgNO₃-. During the operation period, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified 16S rDNA fragments for the sludge sample of both reactors showed the change of microbial communities. Thiobacillus denitrificans-like microorganism occupied 28.5% (18 clones) of the 63 clones by cloning the PCR products from the sludge sample of UAHGR. Acidovorax avenae, which can reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas while oxidizing phenol (heterotrophic denitrifier), was also found in 7 clones (11.1%). Although an organic carbon source was not added to the medium, a microorganism (Kaistella koreensis) capable of oxidizing organic compounds was found in 7 clones (11.1%). Therefore, the microbial community of spent sulfidic caustic applied autotrophic denitrification process well corresponds to the substrate components of spent sulfidic caustic. Through the batch cultivation of microorganisms in UAHGR, the microbial kinetic coefficients of spent sulfidic caustic applied autotrophic denitrification were estimated to be μmax = 0.097 h-¹, kd= 0.0021 h-¹, Ks = 200 mgNO₃-/L, and Y = 0.31 mgMLVSS/mgNO₃-.
변임규(ImGyu Byun) 마인드교육융합학회 2022 마인드 교육 Vol.1 No.2
In order to create a foundation for the establishment of a smart water city, this study explored elemental technology and derived a plan to form a civic consensus through Living Lab. The investigation for element technologies were conducted for smart water quality management, water reuse, water-based boiling point pollutants and trace pollutants, and energy-independent wastewater treatment systems. In addition, it was confirmed that the formation of a civic consensus through Living Lab could be achieved through citizen participation in the establishment of a customized water education system for each educational age group, water pollution problems, and the creation of hydrophilic spaces and cultures. Therefore, it was possible to confirm the importance of elemental technologies related to clean water, such as water quality management, quantity management, and water space, as well as the importance of water education that can draw consensus and participation in civil society experiencing smart water city. 본 연구는 스마트 워터시티 구축을 위한 기반을 조성하고자 요소기술을 탐색하고 리빙랩을 통한 시민 공감대 형성 방안을 도출하였다. 요소기술 탐색은 스마트 수질관리, 물 재이용, 수계 비점오염물질 및 미량오염물질 제거, 에너지 자립형 하폐수처리시스템에 대해 수행하였다. 또한, 리빙랩을 통한 시민 공감대 형성은 교육연령대별 맞춤형 물 교육 시스템 구축, 수질오염 문제 및 친수공간·문화 조성에 대한 시민참여를 통해 이루어질 수 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 지속가능한 스마트 워터시티 구축의 기반 조성은 수질관리 및 수량관리, 친수공간 조성 등의 깨끗한 물과 관련된 요소기술의 중요성뿐만 아니라 스마트 워터시티를 경험하는 시민사회의 참여와 공감대를 이끌어낼 수 있는 물교육의 중요성을 확인할 수 있었다.
음폐수의 중온 및 고온 산발효에서 초기 pH가 VFAs 생성에 미치는 영향
변임규 ( Im Gyu Byun ) 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.10
Batch cultivations were performed to evaluate the influences of the initial pH condition on mesophilic and thermophilic acidogenic fermentation with food waste recycling wastewater. In both conditions of mesophilic and thermophilic fermentation, TVFAs production rates were maximized at the initial pH 7 condition as 0.15 and 0.23 g TVFAs/L?hr, respectively. And pH was also maintained stably between 6 and 7 during 72hr acidogenic cultivation at both conditions. However, predominant VFA components were different according to reaction temperature conditions. In mesophilic condition, propionic acid which has low conversion efficiency to methane was accumulated up to 1,348 mg/L while acetic and butyric acid were predominant in thermophilic condition. Therefore, thermophilic acidogenic fermentation was superior for the effective VFAs production than mesophilic condition. From the DGGE analysis, the band patterns were different according to the initial pH conditions but the correlations of the each band were increased in similar pH conditions. These results mean that microbial communities were certainly affected by the initial pH condition. Consequently, the adjustment of the initial pH to neutral region and thermophilic operation are needed to enhance acidogenic fermentation of food waste recycling wastewater.