지역사회 거주 한국 노인의 자살관련 행동에 영향미치는 인자

전진숙(Jin Sook Cheon),변인우(In Woo Byun),변현우(Hyun Woo Byun) 대한임상노인의학회 2009 대한임상노인의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

연구배경: 본 연구의 목적은 한국 노인에서 자살관련 행동의 빈도를 알아보고, 이에 영향 미치는 인자를 규명하기 위함이다. 방법: 서울에 거주하는 60세 이상의 노인 100명(남자 37명, 여자 63명)을 대상으로, 이들에 대한 사전정보가 없는 두 명의 대학생이 직접 구조적 면담을 통한 설문지 조사를 실시하여 인구학적 자료 및 자살관련 자료를 얻었다. 결과 : 1) 지난 1년 동안 62%에서 자살사고를 경험했으며, 이에 대한 동기는 가족문제(24%), 외로움(19%), 경제적 문제(18%), 질병(8%) 순이었다. 2) 4%에서 실제로 자살을 기도하였다. 3) 63%는 자살을 계획하였으나 기도는 하지 않았으며, 그 이유로서는 죄책감(24%), 용기가 없어서(16%), 자녀들 때문에 (9%), 추해서(6%), 두려움 때문에(5%) 순이었다. 4) 치료적 중재로서 44%는 스스로 극복, 20%는 종교의 도움, 6%는 가족이나 친구에게 도움을 요청하였으며, 단지 6%만이 의사에게 내원하였고, 응급전화는 1%에서만 이용하였다. 5) 자살에 대한 태도/가치관은 72%가 용서받을 수 없는 죄악이므로 절대로 자살해서는 안된다고 답하였고, 죽음은 자신의 권리이므로 왈가왈부할 수 없다(14%), 말기암의 경우 주는게 더 낫다(8%), 동반자살이 더 낫다(6%) 순이었다. 6) 자살사고는 성별(ρ=−0.339, P<0.01), 연령(ρ=0.317, P<0.01), 월수입(ρ=−0.198, P<0.05), 질병(ρ=0.357, P<0.01), 우울증(ρ=−0.206, P<0.05), 암(ρ=−0.215, P<0.05), 관절염(ρ=−0.204, P<0.05), 자살기도 없이 자살계획(ρ=0.680, P<0.01), 동기(ρ=−0.522, P<0.01), 치료적 중재(ρ=−0.412, P<0.01)와 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 7) 자살기도 없이 자살계획은 성별(ρ=−0.271, P<0.01), 월수입(ρ=−0.272, P<0.01), 질병(ρ=0.297, P<0.01), 디스크(ρ=−0.258, P<0.01), 자살사고(ρ=0.680, P<0.01), 동기(ρ=−0.747, P<0.01), 치료적 중재(ρ=−0.493, P<0.01)와 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 8) 자살기도는 교육수준(ρ=0.218, P<0.05), 동기(ρ=−0.204, P<0.05), 골다공증(ρ=−0.336, P<0.01), 치매(ρ=−0.562, P<0.01)와 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 결론: 한국 노인에서 자살사고의 빈도는 매우 높으나, 실제로 자살기도는 적다. 한국 노인의 자살관련 행동에는 가족분쟁, 외로움, 경제적 빈곤, 정신 및 신체적 질병이 중요하다. Background: The aims of this study were to disclose frequency of having suicide-related behavior in Korean elders, and to identify influencing factors on it. Methods: To obtain demographic and suicide-related data for 100 (37 males and 63 femlaes) Korean elders with age over 60 who were living in Seoul, the structured interviews with questionnaires were performed by two university students who were blind to the subjects. Results: 1) During last one year, suicidal thoughts were experienced in 62% of Korean elders, and the most important motivations were family discord (24%), loneliness (19%), economic poverty (18%) and illnesses (8%) in order. 2) The suicide attempts were performed only in 4% of Korean elders. 3) The planning of suicide without attempt was occurred in 63% of Korean elders, and the most frequent reasons were guilt (24%), no courage (16%), for children (9%), feeling ugly (6%), fear (5%) and for spouse (3%). 4) In regards of therapeutic intervention, the Korean elders having suicidal thoughts tried to overcome by themselves (44%), none (23%), religion (20%), doctor (6%), talking to family or friends (6%), and hot-line (1%). 5) The most common Korean elders' attitudes/values toward suicide were as following; suicide shoud not be performed because it is unforgivable sin (72%), suicide is not arguable because it is one's own right (14%), suicide seemed to be better in case of terminal cancer (8%), and suicide with companion seemed to be better (6%). 6) The suicidal thoughts had statistically significant correlation with sex (ρ=−0.339, P<0.01), age (ρ=0.317, P<0.01), monthly income (ρ=−0.198, P<0.05), illnesses (ρ=0.357, P<0.01), depression (ρ=−0.206, P<0.05), cancer (ρ=−0.215, P<0.05), arthritis (ρ=−0.204, P<0.05), suicide planning without attempt (ρ=0.680, P<0.01), motivation (ρ=−0.522, P<0.01) and therapeutic intervention (ρ=−0.412, P<0.01). 7) The suicide planning without attempt had statistically significant correlation with sex (ρ=−0.271, P<0.01), monthly income (ρ=−0.272, P<0.01), illnesses (ρ=0.297, P<0.01), disc (ρ=−0.258, P<0.01), suicidal thoughts (ρ=0.680, P<0.01), motivation (ρ=−0.747, P<0.01) and therapeutic intervention (ρ=−0.493, P<0.01). 8) The suicidal attempts had statistically significant correlation with educational levels (ρ=0.218, P<0.05), motivation (ρ=−0.204, P<0.05), osteoporosis (ρ=−0.336, P<0.01) and dementia (ρ= −0.562, P<0.01). Conclusion: Though the frequency of having suicidal thoughts in Korean elders was very high, actual attempt of suicide was rare. The most important factors influencing on the suicide-related behavior seemed to be family discord, loneliness, economic poverty, and mental and physical illnesses.

이상적인 노인상

변인우(In Woo Byun) 대한노인정신의학회 2005 노인정신의학 Vol.9 No.1

인터넷 사용이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

전진숙(Jin Sook Cheon),변인우(In Woo Byun),변현우(Hyun Woo Byun) 대한사회정신의학회 2009 사회정신의학 Vol.14 No.2

한국 노인의 인터넷 사용실태와 이에 영향미치는 요인 및 인터넷 사용과 삶의 질의 연관성을 알아보기 위해서, 서울에 거주하는 60세 이상의 노인 100명을 대상으로 설문지 조사와 인터넷 중독 척도(IAS) 및 치매노인 삶의 질 척도(GQOL-D)를 사용한 평가를 시행하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1) 한국 노인의 31.0%가 인터넷을 사용하고 있었고. 36.0%가 개인 컴퓨터를 소유하고 있었다. 주된 용도는 이메일(67.7%), 정보검색(54.8%), 신문(45.2%) 순이었다. 인터넷 사용자의 87.1%에서 신체적 부작용(눈 증상, 피로, 손 또는 목 뻣뻣 순)을 경험하였다. 인터넷 미사용 노인군에서도 과반수 이상이 인터넷을 배울 필요가 있고(56.5%), 배우고 싶다고(52.2%) 하였다. 2) 인터넷 사용 노인군에서 IAS 총점의 평균은 22.58±10.62 점이었고, 2~47점 범위로서 모두 비중독군에 속하였다. 3) 한국 노인에서 인터넷 사용은 성별(p<0.05), 나이(p<0.01), 교육수준(p<0.001), 경제상태(p<0.001), 직업유무(p<0.05), 혼인상태(p<0.005), 개인 컴퓨터 소유(p<0.001)에 유의한 영향을 받았다. 4) 인터넷 사용 노인군(38.26±7.17 점)은 인터넷 미사용 노인군(34.86±8.49 점) 보다 통계학적으로 유의하게 GQOL-D 점수가 더 높았다(p<0.05). IAS 점수와 GQOL-D 점수 간에는 통계학적으로 유의한 수준의 순상관성(γ=0.428, p<0.05)이 있었다. 결론적으로, 한국 노인의 1/3에서 인터넷을 사용하고 있으며, 인터넷 사용 양상은 비교적 건전한 편이고, 인터넷 사용은 그들의 삶의 질에 도움이 된다. Objectives:The aims of this study were to reveal current status of internet use, to identify influencing factors on using internet, and to know association of quality of life with internet use among Korean elderly. Methods:Social demographic data and information related to internet use were obtained using questionnaires for one hundred Korean elderly living in Seoul with age over 60. Patterns of internet use and the quality of life also measured using the Internet Addiction Scale(IAS) and the Geriatric Quality of Life-Dementia(GQOL-D). Results:1) Among Korean elderly, 31% had been using internet, and 36% had personal computers. Main purpose of using internet was for emailing(67.7%), information surfing(54.8%) and enews(45.2%) in order. About 87.1% of old internet users experienced such physical symptoms as eye sign, fatigue, and hand or neck stiffness in order. Almost half of internet non-users recognized need of learning internet(56.5%) and wanted to learn internet(52.2%). 2) The mean(±SD) IAS score of elderly internet users was 22.58±10.62. They were in the range of score 2-47, all of whom were classified into non-internet addictors. 3) Internet use among Korean elderly was influenced on gender (p<0.05), age(p<0.01), educational level(p<0.001), economic status(p<0.001), having job(p<0.05), marital status(p<0.005) and having personal computer(p<0.001). 4) The mean(±SD) GQOL-D score of elderly internet users(38.26±7.17) was significantly(p<0.05) higher than those of elderly internet non-users(34.86±8.49). There was statistically significant positive correlation between IAS scores and GQOL-D scores (γ=0.428, p<0.05). Conclusions:Nearly one third of Koren elderly had been using internet. Their internet use pattern seemed to be healthy. Using internet among Korean elderly might improve their quality of life.

한국 노인의 사기에 영향을 미치는 요인

전진숙(Jin Sook Cheon),변인우(In Woo Byun),송혜란(Hae Ran Song),오병훈(Byoung Hoon Oh) 대한노인정신의학회 2004 노인정신의학 Vol.8 No.1

Objectives:The aims of this study were to assess the morale of Korean elders, to analyze the affecting factors, and to look for the ways to raise their morale. Methods:The structured interviews and measurements of depression (Four-Item Geriatric Depression Scale and Vulnerability Factors), cognitive function (Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire) and morale(Measurement of Morale in the Elderly Scale, MMES) were taken for the 50 Korean elders (28 females and 22 males) with age over 65 who were visiting Jong Myo during January to February in 2004. Results:1) In Korean elders, the mean scores of total MMES were 100.82±12.36. According to the items, mean scores of Satisfaction were 43.52±5.14, Equanimity 36.80±7.53, Will-to-live 20.00±4.43. 2) The total MMES scores were significantly affected by variables such as income (p<0.05), economy (p<0.005), elder abuse (p<0.01) and depression (p<0.001). While other variables including age, residence, education, number of children, sex, religion, spouse, job, illness and cognitive function were not related. Conclusion:To encourage morale in the Korean elders, economic support by welfarism, socio-legal prevention of elder abuse, and active involvement of geropsychiatrists into the early detection and treatment of depression must be needed.

대퇴골 전자간 골절의 수술적 치료

서유성 ( You Sung Suh ),변인우 ( In Woo Byun ) 대한고관절학회 2007 Hip and Pelvis Vol.19 No.3

슬관절 전치환술 후 심부정맥 혈전증 예방을 위한 족부 펌프의 효과

임수재 ( Soo Jae Yim ),우승한 ( Seung Han Woo ),변인우 ( In Voo Byun ) 대한슬관절학회 2007 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.19 No.2