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한반도의 황사 관측현황 및 배경지역 미세먼지의 화학적 조성에 관한 연구
백광욱(Kwang-Wook Baek),정진도(Jin-Do Chung) 대한환경위생공학회 2004 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.19 No.4
In this study, the observation data for the yellow sandy dust phenomena from the year 1999 to 2003 at background sites in Korea were collected at Global Atmospheric Observatory at An-Myeon island and its temporal variation were analyzed. The chemical characteristics of the fine particles were also analyzed in order to evaluate sources of the yellow sandy dust particles. The results showed that the monthly average mass concentration of the fine particles was the highest in springtime and the lowest in summertime in general. The magnitude of its variation was also the highest in March in which the occurrence of yellow sandy dust was the most frequent and thus the number of samples was the largest, while the lowest in June through September. The yearly variation of ion components contributions to the total mass concentration of the fine particles was slowly decreasing, showing that 63% in 1999, 59% in 2000 and 56% in 2003. The most prevalent ion components in the fine particles were found to be NO₃- and SO₄²-, which are known to be source materials of acidic precipitation, and NHL₄+, a neutralizing material of the acid precipitation. Relative proportion of metal components in the fine particles was calculated as 14% in average, and their concentrations are in an order of Fe > Al > Na > Ca > Zn > Pb > Cu > Mn > Ni > Cd > Cr > Co > U. The results indicated that main sources of the metals was soil-originated Fe, Al, Ca, and Mg, and the contribution of anthropogenic air pollution-originated Zn, Pb, Cu, Mn were also high and keep slightly increasing. Statistical analysis showed that the chemical components could be divided into soil-originated group of Mg, Al, Ca, Fe, and Mn and air pollution-originated group of NO₃-, Zn, Pb, and they are occupying more than 60% of all the components in the dusty sand. The results explain that An-Myeon island is more influenced by soil-originated source than ocean-originated one and also the influencing strength of anthropogenic pollution-originated source is less than 50% of that of soil-originated sources.<br/> Compared to non-yellow sandy period, the yellow sandy dust period showed that the amounts of soil-originated Mg²+ and Ca²+ and ocean-originated Na+ and Cl- were increased to more than double and the metals of Mg, Al, Ca, Fe were also highly increased, while micro metal components such as Pb, Cd, Zn, which have a tendency of concentrating in air, were either decreased or maintained at nearly constant level.<br/> In the period of yellow sandy dust, a strong positive correlation was observed between water soluble ions and between metals in terms of its concentration, respectively. Factor analysis showed that the first group being comprised of about 43 % of the total inorganic components was affected by soil and they are ions of Na+, Mg²+ and Ca²+ and metals of Na, Fe, Mn and Ni. The result also showed that the metals of Mg and Cr were classified as second group and they were also highly affected by soil sources.
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방소영,백광욱,정진도,남재철,Bang So-Young,Baek Kwang-Wook,Chung Jin-Do,Nam Jae-Cheol 한국환경보건학회 2004 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.30 No.5
The purpose of this paper is to understand the time series and origin of a chemical component and to compare the difference during yellow sand episodes for analysis $PM_{10}$ chemical components in the region of west in Korean Peninsula, 1999-2001. An annual mean concentration of $PM_{10}$ is $29.1\;{\mu}g/m^3$. A monthly mean and standard deviation of $PM_{10}$ concentration are very high in spring but there is no remarkably seasonal variation. Also, water soluble ionic component of $PM_{10}$ be influenced by double more total anion than total cation, be included $NO_{3}^-\;and\;SO_{4}^{2-}$ for the source of acidity and $NH_{4}^+$ to neutralize. Tracer metals of $PM_{10}$ slowly increases caused by emitted for soil and ocean (Fe, Al, Ca, Mg, Na) and Zn, Pb, Cu, Mn for anthropogenic source. According to method of enrichment factor (E.F) and statistics, assuming that the origin of metal component in $PM_{10}$ most of element in the Earth's crust e.g. Mg, Ca, Fe originates soil and Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb derives from anthropogenic sources. The ionic component for $Na^{+}\;Cl^-,\;Mg^{2+}\;and\;Ca^{2+}$ and Mg, Al, Ca, Fe originated by soil component largely increase during yellow sand period and then tracer metal component as Pb, Cd, Zn decrease. According to factor analysis, the first group is ionic component ($Na^+,\;Mg^{2+},\;Ca^{2+}$) and metal component (Na, Fe, Mn and Ni) be influenced by soil. The second group, Mg, Cr also be influenced by soil particle.
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소각처리기반 N구의 폐기물처리기본정책 수립을 위한 처리현황의 조사·분석
배재근,김현갑,백광욱 서울産業大學校 1998 논문집 Vol.47 No.1
As of the waste investigation result for N district. the living waste generated(living waste+home industry waste) was 327 ton/day in 1995.315 ton/day in 1996. 270ton/day in 1997. and 250ton/day in early 1998. so the overall waste was 0.632kg/man?day. In terms of waste classification in N district. it shown 59% of food waste. 17.66% of paper, 8.55 of vinyl, 3.99% of plastic, 1.97% of textile, 1.67% of rubber-leather, 1.44% of metals, and so on. The food waste portion is getting increased after starting waste classifying collection recyable waste which can be valuable resources and the observed high hydrous rate as 53.15% due to the food waste comparing to the past days. The caloric value shown not higher than that of foreign countries but it was higher than that of other domestic area. But the another point of view. the high hydrous rate generates more precipitated waste water and low caloric efficiency. And also, around 18% of incinerated ashes was generated in year 1997 basis and the lime powder was observed as high rate. The waste collecting efficiency was reviewed based on number of waste collection trucks. collecting time at the recycling facility of N district. As of result it concludes that current waste collecting system should be reviewed for improving the system. The collection waste is very small by a contractor's 2 to 3 times manpower and trucks. it means financial self-supporting is very poor for waste tretment. and the self-supporting rate is 14.15% by N district, and the total rate is 30.66% including by a contractor. The financial self-supporting rate is 51.67% by only the living waste point of view.
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鄭一來,李宰雲,白光煜 서울産業大學校 1992 논문집 Vol.36 No.1
The study carried out of investigate the phenomena of precipitation. PH value, electric conductivity, and anions such as chloride, sulfate and nitrate were measured from rainwater which sampled at 3 sites of Chamsildong in Seoul, Cholsandong is Kwangmyong and Tandaedong in Songnam, from April to November in 1990. The average pH at each site was 6.25 in Chamsil, 5.42 in Cholsan. 5.53 in Tandae. The order of the major anion concentration in rainwater was SO₄-2> CI-> NO₃- > F- and the acidity of it was more effective by sulfate ion than others. Correlation coefficients between SO₄-2 and soluble cation components in rainwater were 0.99 for Na+ at Chamsil in Seoul, and 0.72 for Ca+2 at Cholsan in Kwangmyung, and 0.86 for Ca+2 at Tandae in Songnam. Correlation coeffecients between SO₄-2 and soluble cation components in precipitation were 0.99 for Na+, 0.68 for Ca+2 at Chamsil in Seoul, and 0.72 for Ca+2, 0.6 for Mg+2 at Cholsan in Kwangmyung, and 0.86 for Ca+2, 0.79 for Mg+2 at Tandae in Songnam.
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백광욱 한국농화학회 1968 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.9 No.1
(1) The general composition, vitamin, amino acid, digestibility and nutrition efficiency of the seeds of Pinus Koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. were examined. (2) Pine tree seed contains approximately 17% or more protein nearly pure one. The amino acid composition of the protein was analyzed. When compared with the values of soybean and peanut reported in the literature, it contains slightly mare histidine and glycine etc., showing that the seeds are of high nutritional value. (3) The protein digestibility was 87% and the total content of digestible protein was approximately 14.9%, T.D.N. was 159.4%, proving itself excellent. (4) As to vitamins, it was found out that the seeds contain 275 r of B₁ and 99 r. As to minerals, Ca (301.2 ㎎) P (361 ㎎) and K (272 ㎎) were found to be contained in the seeds (5) The basic diet was considered nearly perfect from the view-point of nutrition, and to this were added 30%, 5% and 10% of the test sample respectively and were fed to albino rats. Among the three treatment, the 3% sample adding proved to be the mast effective one, showing the most efficient growth. Thus it can be presumed that the pine tree seeds certainly contain U.G.F. (6) The anatomical examination of the intestines of albino rats showed that the feeding of pine tree seeds bad favorable effect on the development of heart, kidney and pancreas.
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백광욱,조영태,이준걸,장덕,정윤진 한국물환경학회 1990 한국물환경학회지 Vol.6 No.2
An experimental investigation was conducted on methane fermentation for naked barley distillery waste. Digesters were operated at the hydraulic retention times of 15 to 40 days with organic loading rates of 0.53∼2.82 gCOD/L ·d. Inhibition of methane fermentation was clearly observed at the retention time of 15 days with an organic loading rate of 2.82 gCOD/L·d. Digestion efficiencies were improved with an increase of hydraulic retention time regardless of organic loading rate. It is believed that inhibition of digestion does not occur due to organic overloading and failure must be due to the inhibition material in the naked barley distillery waste. Inhibitory concentration is considered to be dependent on the retention time.
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박완희,배재근,백광욱 서울産業大學校 1993 논문집 Vol.38 No.1
Pollutants contaminated in the branch stream of the from Eujung Bu to Kunja Bridge were observed Han River and measured during the winter season of 1993 with 12 observation points. The measured items are aquatic bioprofiles concentrations of aquatic pollutants and heavy metals, bed metals by particle size, bed pollution and inclination by the Serum Bottle Test, as anaerobic biological conditions. The representative microorganics observed were Algae, Ciliates Fungi, of which 40% were algae. The No. 9 point were found highest in total number of microorganics, and the concentration of bed sludge around the No. 3-1 point was highest. And the branch stream was observed most polluted. The smaller particles were found more abundant, heavy metals than bigger one. Through the Serum Bottle Test, araerobic activity was found most active in around the No. 3-1 point.
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