CaO2를 투입한 연안퇴적물의 환경변화 연구

배환진,조대철,권성현 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2010 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.27 No.4

생물담체 활용 생물접종에 의한 원유로 오염된 해양토양의 정화

배환진,권성현,김병혁,박득자,김희식,고성철,Bae, Hwan-Jin,Kwon, Sung-Hyun,Kim, Byung-Hyuk,Park, Duck-Ja,Kim, Hee-Shik,Koh, Sung-Cheol 한국미생물학회 2009 미생물학회지 Vol.45 No.4

본 연구의 목표는 생물담체(biocarrier)에 의한 생물접종기술(bioaugmentation)을 개발하여 원유로 오염된 해양저질의 정화에 활용하고자 하는 것이다. 몇 군데의 원유로 오염된 해안으로부터 수 가지의 분해미생물군집을 농화배양하여 평가한 결과 기능적으로 상이한 2가지의 미생물군집을 분리하였다. 이들 미생물군집을 혼합 배양한 경우 Alcanivorax sp.가 우점종을 이루는 것으로 나타났으며, 이 군집과 대나무활성탄 등을 이용하여 미생물제제(MA-2)를 제조하여 사질의 원유오염 해안토양에 처리할 경우 5주 후 산소발생제의 존재하에 90% 이상의 TPH 분해력을 나타내었다. 또한 점질의 토양도 미생물제제(MA-1)를 처리할 경우 5주 후 71% 정도의 분해율을 나타냈다. 이는 분리된 토착미생물군집을 활용하여 오염토양의 처리에 효과적으로 활용할 수 있음을 의미한다. 한편 계면활성제의 고농도의 처리는 분해미생물의 작용을 억제하므로 적절한 농도의 확인이 필요하며 점토질의 토양의 정화를 위해서는 적절한 통기를 시키는 방법(산소발생제 투여, 기계적 aeration 등)의 활용이 요구된다. This study was carried out to develop an effective biocarrier-mediated bioaugmentation technology which will be useful for remediation of the crude oil-contaminated marine sediments. Enrichment of several microbial communities was made from several oil-polluted seashore sites and the two distinctively functional consortia have been successfully selected. These two consortia were grown together and used to manufacture the microbial agents for bioaugmentation of marine sediments polluted with crude oil. The most dominant species in the mixed culture was identified as Alcanivorax borkumensis based on pure culture and DGGE analysis. Bioaugmentation of oil-polluted marine sediments with the microbial agent MA-2 formulated using the mixed culture and biocarriers (activated carbon and minerals) was more effective, especially in combination with an oxygen producing (releasing) compound (ORC). Ninty percent of TPH was removed in the presence of ORC in 35 days while 74% in the absence of ORC. This indicated that the indigenous consortial degraders could be immobilized on the active carbon as a biocarrier to manufacture microbial agents and then effectively bioaugmented for remediation of the oil-polluted sediments.

연구논문 : 토착균주 활성화를 위한 산소발생제 MgO2 투입에 의한 연안저질의 이화학적 성분 변화 관찰

배환진 ( Hwan Jin Bae ),조대철 ( Dae Chul Cho ),권성현 ( Sung Hyun Kwon ) 한국환경과학회 2010 한국환경과학회지 Vol.19 No.5

Influence of Effective Microorganisms on Polluted Marine Sediment and Its Microbial Community

고성철,김병혁,배환진,권성현,최정혜,김재우 한국항해항만학회 2009 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.33 No.2

Lactobacillus sp., Acetobacter sp. and yeast were the most dominant organisms in the EM stock culture and subculture product. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast were able to grow in the fermentation process utilizing seawater. EM treatment of higher concentrations using EM stock culture and EM clay balls (1% or 4%) contributed to an early removal of malodor and an increase of DO in the polluted sediments, indicating an odor-removing activity of EM. The EM treatment of higher concentrations (1% or 4%) somewhat appeared to modify the microbial communities within the sediments, which was confirmed by existence of a few unique fragments from the stock culture based on PCR-DGGE. It still remains to be elucidated that EM cultures were directly involved in the malodor removal and potential sediment bioremediation. Lactobacillus sp., Acetobacter sp. and yeast were the most dominant organisms in the EM stock culture and subculture product. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast were able to grow in the fermentation process utilizing seawater. EM treatment of higher concentrations using EM stock culture and EM clay balls (1% or 4%) contributed to an early removal of malodor and an increase of DO in the polluted sediments, indicating an odor-removing activity of EM. The EM treatment of higher concentrations (1% or 4%) somewhat appeared to modify the microbial communities within the sediments, which was confirmed by existence of a few unique fragments from the stock culture based on PCR-DGGE. It still remains to be elucidated that EM cultures were directly involved in the malodor removal and potential sediment bioremediation.

황토(Loess) 및 대나무 활성탄(Bamboo Charcoal)을 혼입한 건축마감재의포름알데히드 및 벤젠 흡착 특성 연구

조대철,박병기,배환진,박동천,박득자,권성현 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2011 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.28 No.1

휘발성 유기화합물 저감을 위한 금속산화물 기반 광촉매-활성탄 복합체 개발

고재락,장예원,전호영,배환진,이주현,최창호 한국청정기술학회 2022 청정기술 Vol.28 No.4

Adsorption tower systems based on activated carbon adsorption towers have mainly been employed to reduce the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), a major cause of air pollution. However, the activated carbon currently used in these systems has a short lifespan and thus requires frequent replacement. An approach to overcome this shortcoming could be to develop metal oxide photocatalysis-activated carbon composites capable of degrading VOCs by simultaneously utilizing photocatalytic activation and powerful adsorption by activated carbon. TiO2 has primarily been used as a metal oxide photocatalyst, but it has low economic efficiency due to its high cost. In this study, ZnO particles were synthesized as a photocatalyst due to their relatively low cost. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were deposited on the ZnO surface to compensate for the photocatalytic deactivation that arises from the wide band gap of ZnO. A microfluidic process was used to synthesize ZnO particles and Ag NPs in separate reactors and the solutions were continuously supplied with a pack bed reactor loaded with activated carbon powder. This microfluidic-assisted pack bed reactor efficiently prepared a Ag-ZnO-activated carbon composite for VOC removal. Analysis confirmed that Ag-ZnO photocatalytic particles were successfully deposited on the surface of the activated carbon. Conducting a toluene gasbag test and adsorption breakpoint test demonstrated that the composite had a more efficient removal performance than pure activated carbon. The process proposed in this study efficiently produces photocatalysis-activated carbon composites and may offer the potential for scalable production of VOC removal composites. 대기 오염의 주요 원인인 휘발성유기화합물(VOCs)의 배출을 저감 하기 위한 방법으로 주로 활성탄 흡착탑이 활용되고 있다. 하지만 활성탄의 짧은 수명과 잦은 교체 주기의 단점이 있어 이를 극복하기 위한 다양한 기술이 개발되고 있으며, 광촉매-활성탄 복합체는 이러한 활성탄의 단점을 극복할 수 있는 방법임을 입증하였다. 광촉매-활성탄 복합체는 활성탄 표면에 금속산화물 광촉매를 코팅하여 광촉매 효과와 활성탄의 흡착능력 효과를 동시에 확보할 수 있는 휘발성유기화합물 저감 물질이다. 미세유체공정을 이용하여 ZnO, 은(Ag) 나노입자를 동시에 합성한 후 실시간으로 ZnO와 은(Ag) 나노입자 용액을 활성탄이 채워진 충진층 반응기에 주입하여 Ag-ZnO 활성탄 복합체를 합성하였다. 합성 반응시간에 따른 광촉매 복합체의 증착양을 분석했으며, 다양한 분석 방법을 통해 광촉매가 활성탄의 기공을 막지 않고 활성탄 표면에 선택적으로 증착 되었음을 확인하였다. 톨루엔 가스백 시험과 흡착 파괴시간 시험을 통해 광촉매-활성탄 복합체가 순수한 활성탄보다 우수한 저감 효과와 지속성을가지는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 공정은 광촉매-활성탄 복합체를 효율적으로 생산할 수 있는 방법으로 대량 생산을 위한 스케일 업 공정을 통해 국내의 VOCs 저감 물질 가격 경쟁력을 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

연구논문 : 연안저질 환경 개선을 위한 유용 미생물제제 및 산화제의 사용에 따른 환경변화 및 효율성 관찰

조대철 ( Dae Chul Cho ),배환진 ( Hwan Jin Bae ),이정령 ( Jung Yeol Lee ),권성현 ( Sung Hyun Kwon ) 한국환경과학회 2010 한국환경과학회지 Vol.19 No.11

This study was carried out in order to observe how the bay sediment would be changed with microbial treatments and a chemical oxidant like CaO2. The sediment during the treatments was analyzed in terms of pH, ORP, volatile organics content, COD, AVS, T-N, and T-P. With CaO2 treatment, pH was kept over 9.66 and ORP ranged from +4.70~+46.0, which meant an aerobic state meanwhile with the microbial treatment those were worse. In addition the chemical treatment showed better environmental index values than the microbial one: volatile organics content and COD values in the former were 12.9% and 37.9% while those in the latter were 4.5% and 18.7%, respectively. AVS and T-P were 71.1% and 100% versus 56.5% and 85.8%, respectively. However, the microbial treatment was better for T-N(66% higher). On the other hand, both treatment at a time enhanced all the environmental indices but COD meantime pH and ORP values were lower than with the chemical treatment only. Thus additional input of an oxygen generator like CaO2 could improve the environmental state of a bay sediment where the biological treatment is going on.

생물학적 처리에 따른 갯벌 복원을 위한 현장 적용성 연구

조대철(Cho, Dae-Chul),배환진(Bae, Hwan-Jin),권성현(Kwon, Sung-Hyun) 한국산학기술학회 2012 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.13 No.7

현장 갯벌에서의 미생물제제와 CaO₂처리를 통한 효율성을 관찰하고자 유용미생물 및 미생물과 CaO₂를 혼합하여 특수 처리한 제제를 100㎡ 크기의 각 처리구에 3.6㎏씩 살포하여 6주간 모니터링 결과, 두 처리구로부터 pH 및 ORP는 평균 pH 7이하, ORP는 초기 값(-178 mV ~ -188 mV)에 비해 –121.06 mV ~ -142.06 mV로 다소 상승하였다. 강열감량과 COD의 경우, 큰 변화가 없었으며 질소와 인 계열은 다소 효과가 있었는데 암모니아는 시간이 경과함에 따라 대조구와 더불어 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며 질산성질소의 경우, CaO₂와 미생물제제의 혼합처리(11.3%)가 미생물제제 처리(7.3%)보 다 질산염농도가 감소한 이유는 산소발생에 의한 어느 정도의 호기화된 조건에서 질산화반응에 의해 퇴적토의 질산염이 수층으로 용출된 결과로 생각되며 이에 따라 총 질소의 농도도 혼합처리에 의한 감소(6.1%)로 이어진 결과라 판단된다. 마찬가지로 인의 경우에도 초기 농도가 다소 높은 수치(T-P는 0.761 mg/g, PO₄-P는 0.529 mg/g)를 보였으나 혼합 처리구에 서 T-P는 29%, PO₄-P는 31.8%의 감소율로 미생물제제보다 인의 용출을 억제시킨 결과로 나타났다. A field test on mud flat remediation was carried out in order to observe the effects of the treatments such as microbial dose and an oxygen releasing compound like CaO₂. The size of each treatment site was 100 ㎡ and the dosage was 3.6 kg per site. The 6 week monitoring showed that pH on two sites was below 7 and ORP increased from –178∼-188 mV to –121∼-142 mV. In Ignition loss and COD there were no significant changes. Meanwhile nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations changed: ammonia concentration decreased both on control and treatment sites. Nitrate nitrogen decreased more on combined treatment site than on single microbial treatment (11.3% vs. 7.3%) probably because the extra oxygen supplied by CaO₂ formed more oxic environment so that the facilitated nitrification might produce more nitrate but the nitrate would be much rapidly released into the water layer out of the sediment. That also explains the total nitrogen reduction(6.1%). Similarly, T-P and PO₄-P reduced by 29% and 31.8%, respectively on combined treatment sites, resulting from the phosphorus release effect though the initial concentrations of the two factors were considerably high.

어류양식장 저질개선을 위한 과산화칼슘 투입에 의한 생태 환경변화 관찰

조대철 ( Dae Chul Cho ),배환진 ( Hwan Jin Bae ),권성현 ( Sung Hyun Kwon ) 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.10

The aim of this research is to enhance the bottom environment of Geoje fish farm that has been severely contaminated. Treatment of microbial agent and/or calcium oxide significantly changed that environment: in ignition loss, either treatment (25% or 21%)showed better than mixed treatment (13.2%). In COD, the oxygen releasing agent or mixed treatment reduced the index by more than 20%. In T-P and T-N, the effects of CaO2 on them were overwhelming (50% or more) meanwhile that of the microbial agent on them was less than 20%. Also, CaO2 influenced on the microbial flora: Desulfobvibrio thermophilus, a sulfate reducing bacterium decreased in number, considering the increase of pH and rise of redox potential. In contrast, Pseudomonas sp., Pseudoalteromonas sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa were remarkably dominant over other species with mixed treatment as a PCA analysis confirmed it.