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척수손상 흰쥐의 통증에 대한 지속적인 반복 경두개 자기자극의 효과
배영경,배영경,김수정,서정민,조윤우,안상호,강인순,황세진,박해운 대한재활의학회 2010 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.34 No.3
Objective: To investigate the effects of continuous repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on pain response in spinal cord injured rat. Method: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats (200∼250 grams, female) were used. Thoracic spinal cord (T9) was contused using New York University (NYU) spinal cord impactor. Ten gram weight rod was dropped from a height of 25 mm to produce spinal cord contusion model with moderate injury. The animals were randomly assigned to two groups: one exposed to real magnetic stimulation (real-rTMS group) and the other not exposed to magnetic stimulation (sham- rTMS group). rTMS was applied for 8 weeks. To assess the effect of continuous rTMS on below-level pain responses after spinal cord injury (SCI), the hindpaw withdrawal response for thermal stimuli, cold stimuli and mechanical stimuli were compared between two groups. Results: Behavioral response for pain showed that hindpaw withdrawal response for cold stimuli was reduced significantly from 4 weeks after SCI in real-rTMS group compared with sham group (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that continuous rTMS may have beneficial effects on attenuation of cold allodynia after SCI, and it might be an additional non-invasive therapeutic method in patients with chronic neuropathic pain after SCI. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2010; 34: 259-264)
유방의 침윤성 관암종에서 핵등급 기준으로서 핵크기의 의의
배영경,김동석,최혜정,구미진,이수정,이제영,Bae, Young-Kyung,Kim, Dong-Sug,Choi, Hye-Juug,Gu, Mi-Jin,Lee, Soo-Jung,Lee, Jea-Young 대한세포병리학회 1999 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.10 No.1
To make the objective standard of nuclear size ingrading nuclear pleomorphism of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, we measured maximal nuclear diameter of tumor cells on imprint cytology slides and histologic sections from 65 cases by using computer-based image analysis system(Optimas 6.0). The maximal diameter of red blood cells were also measured to evaluate the ratio of maximal nuclear diameter of tumor cells to maximal diameter of red blood cells. The mean values of maximal nuclear diameter of tumor cells on imprint cytology slides and histologic sections were $7.56{\mu}m,\;7.53{\mu}m$ in nuclear grade 1, $8.92{\pm}0.98{\mu}m,\;9.02{\pm}0.74{\mu}m$ in nuclear grade 2, and $12.90{\pm}1.47{\mu}m,\;12.44{\pm}1.41{\mu}m$ in nuclear grade 3, respectively. There were no significant differences between values of imprint cytology and histologic section. The ratio of maximal nuclear diameter of tumor cells to maximal diameter of red blood cells were 1.3-1.4:1 in nuclear grade 1, 1.6-1.7:1 in nuclear grade 2, and 2.2-2.3:1 in nuclear grade 3. These values would be guidelines for grading nuclear pleomorphism of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast on routine surgical pathology work.
줄기세포를 이식한 척수손상 흰쥐에서 반복자기자극의 효과
배영경,박해운,조윤우,김수정,이준하,권정구,안상호,Bae, Young-Kyung,Park, Hea-Woon,Cho, Yun-Woo,Kim, Su-Jeong,Lee, Joon-Ha,Kwon, Jung-Gu,Ahn, Sang-Ho 대한물리치료학회 2010 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.22 No.1
Purpose: We tested whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) improved recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats with transplantation of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ATSCs). Methods: Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g, female) were used. Moderate spinal cord injury was induced at the T9 level by a New York University (NYU) impactor. The rat ATSCs (approximately $5{\times}10^5$ cells) were injected into the perilesional area at 9 days after SCI. Starting four days after transplantation, rTMS (25 Hz, 0.1 Tesla, pulse width=$370{\mu}s$, on/off time=3 sec/3 sec) was applied daily for 7 weeks. Functional recovery was assessed using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale as well as pain responses for thermal and cold stimuli. Results: Both groups showed similar, gradual improvement of locomotor function. rTMS stimulation decreased thermal and cold hyperalgesia after 7 weeks, but sham stimulation did not. Conclusion: rTMS after transplantation of ATSCs in an SCI model may reduce thermal hyperalgesia and cold allodynia, and may be an adjuvant therapeutic tool for pain control after stem cell therapy in SCI.