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자동차 전장모듈용 Sn-Cu-Cr(Ca) 중온 솔더의 접합특성 연구
방정환,유동열,고용호,김정한,이창우,Bang, Junghwan,Yu, Dong-Yurl,Ko, Yong-Ho,Kim, Jeonghan,Lee, Chang-Woo 대한용접접합학회 2013 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.31 No.5
Joint properties of vehicle ECU (Electric Control Unit) module which was manufactured by using Sn-Cu-Cr-Ca alloy were investigated. A new solder which has a middle melting temperature about $231^{\circ}C$ was fabricated as the type of 300um solder ball and paste type. The prototype modules were made by reflow process and measured spreadability, wettability shear strength and estimated interface reaction. The spreadability of the alloy was about 84% from the measurement of contact angle of the solder ball and the wetting force was measured 2mN. The average shear strength of the module which was manufactured by using the solder paste, was 1.9 $kg/mm^2$. Also, the thickness of IMC(intermetallic compound) was evaluated with various aging temperature and time in order to understand Cr effect on Sn-0.7Cu solder. $Cu_6Sn_5$ IMC was formed between Cu pad and the solder alloy and the average thickness of the $Cu_6Sn_5$ IMC was measured about 4um and it was about 50% of thickness of $Cu_6Sn_5$ IMC in Sn-0.7Cu. It is expected to have a positive effect on reliability of the solder joint.
차량 주행 시뮬레이션을 이용한 디젤 엔진의 제어 변수 최적화
방정환(Junghwan Bang),최승목(Seungmok Choi),조성우(Sungwoo Cho),민경덕(Kyoungdoug Min) 한국자동차공학회 2005 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.11_1
In this paper engine response functions of performance and emission were made using a design of experiments and interpolation method and characteristics of these methods were discussed. Using vehicle driving mode simulation (UDDS: Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule) engine operating points were achieved and engine operating parameters were optimized in a specific vehicle test mode using a simple algorithm.
차량 주행 시뮬레이션을 이용한 디젤 하이브리드 차량의 엔진 제어 변수 및 운전 전략 최적화
방정환(Junghwan Bang),민경덕(Kyoungdoug Min),김현옥(Hyun-Ok Kim),박종남(Jongnam Park) 한국자동차공학회 2007 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
In this paper engine response functions of performance and emission were made using a design of experiments and real engine experimental data. Using hybrid vehicle driving mode simulation (UDDS: Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule) engine operating points were calculated. Changing the gear shift logic and engine-motor power distribution, several operating point sets were obtained. Then engine operating parameters were optimized in a specific vehicle test mode using an optimization algorithm.
차량 주행 시뮬레이션을 이용한 디젤 엔진 운전 변수 최적화
방정환(Junghwan Bang),민경덕(Kyoungdong Min),이수원(Suwon Lee),김현옥(Hyun-Ok Kim),박종남(Jong-Nam Park),임훈섭(Hun-Seob Lim) 한국자동차공학회 2006 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
In this paper engine response functions of performance and emission were made using a design of experiments and real engine experiment data. Using vehicle driving mode simulation (UDDS : Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule) engine operating points were achieved and engine operating parameters were optimized in a specific vehicle test mode using an optimization algorithm.
자동차 전장부품을 위한 Sn-0.5Cu-(X)Al(Si) 중온 솔더의 접합특성 연구
유동열,고용호,방정환,이창우,Yu, Dong-Yurl,Ko, Yong-Ho,Bang, Junghwan,Lee, Chang-Woo 대한용접접합학회 2015 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.33 No.3
Joint properties of electric control unit (ECU) module using Sn-Cu-(X)Al(Si) lead-free solder alloy were investigated for automotive electronics module. In this study, Sn-0.5Cu-0.01Al(Si) and Sn-0.5Cu-0.03Al(Si) (wt.%) lead-free alloys were fabricated as bar type by doped various weight percentages (0.01 and 0.03 wt.%) of Al(Si) alloy to Sn-0.5Cu. After fabrications of lead-free alloys, the ball-type solder alloys with a diameter of 450 um were made by rolling and punching. The melting temperatures of 0.01Al(Si) and 0.03Al(Si) were 230.2 and $230.8^{\circ}C$, respectively. To evaluation of properties of solder joint, test printed circuit board (PCB) finished with organic solderability perseveration (OSP) on Cu pad. The ball-type solders were attached to test PCB with flux and reflowed for formation of solder joint. The maximum temperature of reflow was $260^{\circ}C$ for 50s above melting temperature. And then, we measured spreadability and shear strength of two Al(Si) solder materials compared to Sn-0.7Cu solder material used in industry. And also, microstructures in solder and intermetallic compounds (IMCs) were observed. Moreover, thickness and grain size of $Cu_6Sn_5$ IMC were measured and then compared with Sn-0.7Cu. With increasing the amounts of Al(Si), the $Cu_6Sn_5$ thickness was decreased. These results show the addition of Al(Si) could suppress IMC growth and improve the reliability of solder joint.
실험계획법을 이용한 디젤 엔진 작동 변수 최적화에 대한 연구
정대봉(Daebong Jeong),방정환(Junghwan Bang),민경덕(Kyoungdoug Min) 한국자동차공학회 2008 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
In this paper, DOE analysis was carried out to investigate the effects of the main injection timing, pilot injection timing, quantity of pilot injection, rail pressure, EGR rate and emissions in an HSDI diesel engine, aiming to find out the optimal combination between all the abovementioned parameters. The other parameters which can affect engine operation are fixed. An operating point is 1500 rpm and 4 bar of bmep. This research was performed on a in-line 4 cylinder, 2497cc, HSDI diesel engine. A full factorial Design Of Experiments(DOE) analysis was carried out in order to find out the optimal combination between above parameters aiming to reach the lowest brake specific fuel consumption value while complying with NOx emission and smoke constraints. For finding the optimal combination between parameters, genetic algorithm was used in.
고용호,최경곤,김상우,유동열,방정환,김택수,Ko, Yong-Ho,Choi, Kyeonggon,Kim, Sang Woo,Yu, Dong-Yurl,Bang, Junghwan,Kim, Taek-Soo 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2016 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.23 No.2
This paper reports the trends of researches and technologies of electronic packaging using graphene. Electronic packaging is to provide the signal and electrical current among electronic components, to remove the heat in electronic systems or components, to protect and support the electronic components from external environment. As the required functions and performances of electronic systems or components increase, the electronic packaging has been intensively attracted attention. Therefore, technologies such as miniaturization, high density, Pb-free material, high reliability, heat dissipation and so on, are required in electronic packaging. Recently, graphene, which is a single two-dimensional layer of carbon atoms, has been extensively investigated because of its superior mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. Until now, many studies have been reported the applications using graphene such as flexible display, electrode, super capacitor, composite materials and so on. In this paper, we will introduce and discuss various studies on recent technologies of electronic packaging using graphene for solving the required issues.
주변장치를 포함한 상압형과 가압형 고분자전해질형 연료전지 시스템 성능 비교
이동훈(Donghun Lee),김한상(Hansang Kim),방정환(Junghwan Bang),민경덕(Kyoungdoug Min),김민수(Min Soo Kim),조영만(Yongman Cho) 한국자동차공학회 2004 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
Two different types of operating fuel cell systems (low-pressure and high-pressure operating fuel cell systems) consisting of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack and balance of plant (BOP), which is for vehicle application. was modeled by using MATLAB/Simulink. The effects of humidity and pressure of the supplied gas on the power distribution characteristics of BOP and net system efficiency for two different types of the fuel cell systems were compared. The results of this study demonstrate that the humidity condition of supplied gas strongly affects on the performance of low-pressure operating fuel cell system and there exist optimum cathode air pressure for maximizing fuel cell system efficiency on each system operating conditions. (Through this study, we did a basic fuel cell system optimization.) Along with multi-object variable optimization packages, the approach here presented can be effectively used for establishing an operating strategy of the practical fuel cell system for vehicle application.