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방대홍 대한영상의학회 1983 대한영상의학회지 Vol.19 No.3
The simple chest X-ray study is essential in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, espectially primary pulmonary tuberculosis. Authors analyzed the chest films and tuberculin tests of 521 cases which are suspected primary pulmonary tuberculosis clinically, from Jan. 1978 to Nov. 1982 at Seoul Red Cross Hospital. The results are as follows : 1. Among th etotal 521 cases, the 115 cases of chest film reveal 245 probable pulmonary tuberculous lesions. 2. The coincidence of the parenchymal and lymphnodal involvement are observed in 40 cases (34.8%) with 137 lesions (55.9%), parenchymal only in 23 cases (20.0%) with 25 lesions (10.2%) and lymphnodal only in 52 cases (45.2%) with 83 lesions (33.9%). 3. In observing the distribution of the 83 parenchymal lesions, the right lung is two times as common as that of the left, being the hightest in the RLL field with 41 lesions (49.9%), the lowest in the LLL field with 3 lesions (3.6%). 4. In observing the distribution of the 162 lymphnodal lesions, there are 95 lesions (58.6%) in the right and 67 lesions (41.4%) in the left, involving hilar nodes with 150 lesions (92.6%) and mediastinal nodes with 12 lesions (7.4%). The incidence of unilateral involvement is 13 cases (11.3%) and bilateral 79 cases (68.9%). 5. Among the total 245 lesions, 141 lesions (57.5%) are smaller than rice in size, 120 lesions (49.0%) are amorphous in shape and 186 lesions (75.9%) are mainly calcific in density. According to the increase of age, count and detection rate of the lesion on the chest film are increased. 6. Tuberculin tests showed 26.1% negative rate in 115 tuberculous cases, and 51% positive rate in 406 negative chest cases.
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방대홍,차영선 고려대학교 의과대학 1979 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.16 No.1
Effects of potassium ion concentrations in Ringer solution were examined on the contraction patterns of the cardiac muscle of rat. The left ventricular muscle strip (10-12㎜ long and 3-4㎜ wide) is fixed between a clip attached to the arm of an isometric transducer and the other clip attached to the move able barrel of a metric micrometer. This preparation is then immersed in 400㎖ of buffer Ringer through which a mixture of 95% O₂/5% CO₂ is continuously bubbled, maintained at 37℃ with surrounding water bath through heat exchange. In stimulus experiments, there were pulse stimuli at 30V, 10msec for twitch curve, 30V, 10msec, 10c/sec for tetanic contraction. For the length-tension relationship in normal Ringer solution and K-free solution, muscle strip length was changed from 6㎜ resting length to 12㎜ with 1㎜ increments by turning a metric micrometer. 1. A high K-concentration (42mM Kcl) in Ringer solution induced K contracture of the heart muscle strip, the twitch and tetanic tension decreased than an normal Ringer solution. 2. In K-free solution, similar K ion replaced with sucrose, the twitch and tetanic tension increased than in normal Ringer solution. 3. when high K concentration solution was replaced by normal Ringer solution, heart muscle showed a contraction heights of the normal twitch curve and tetanic curve. 4. Optimal tension development of K-free sloution was shifted to more elongated length than in normal Ringer solution.
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화학적으로 활성화된 GroupⅢ와 GroupⅣ구심성 근신경의 Gamma Motoneuron에 대한 반사효과
방대홍,홍승길,남숙현 고려대학교 의과대학 1983 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.20 No.3
In decerebrated cats the effects of fine muscle afferents (groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ) upon gamma motoneurons were studied. The efferent activity was exracellularly recorded from small filaments of ventral roots or from filaments of musole nerves. Fine muscle afferents were selectively activated by bradykinin, potassium and serotonin. For comparison, succinylcholine was administrated to activated muscle spindle afferents. Forty gastrocnemius-soleus gamma motoneurons were recorded. Thirty-six (90%) of them had a tonic background discharge in the absence of intentional stimulation. A high susceptibility to an increased activity in fine muscle efferents was found for the gamma motoneurons. Practically all neurons both to homonymous extensor and antagonistic flexor muscles responded with an excitation to at least one of the algesic substances applied. Only two out of fifteen gamma motoneurons responded to succinylcholine. Thus indicationg a weak convergence from muscle spindle afferents. Control experiments demonstrated that the responses to bradykinin and potassium are entirely due to the nervorus outflow from the gastrocnemius-soleus muscle. In contrast, serotonin influencing the gamma motoneurons has unknown additional sites of action. The results indicate that muscular group Ⅲ and/or group Ⅳ units activated by algesic substances evoke excitatory effects upon gamma motoneurons.
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