潛水艦의 技術的 特性

박한상 해군대학 1984 海洋戰略 Vol.- No.28

A Cross-Linguistc Study of the Perception of the Voicing Contrast in English Plosive

박한상,강석한 사단법인 한국언어학회 2006 언어학 Vol.0 No.45

The present study investigates what interval is more important than others in the perception of the voicing contrast in English plosives across positions and subjects native languages. Responses were analyzed in terms of the original-signal-to-response correctness and the target-interval robustness. The results showed that the original-signal-to-response correctness was lower in word-medial trochaic positions and in word-final positions. The analyses of the target-interval robustness showed that the interval of release burst and/or aspiration was the most important interval in word-initial positions and in word-medial iambic positions, and the preceding vowel was more important than the other target intervals in word-medial trochaic positions and in word-final positions.

Hunminjeongeum Consonant Letter System from the Perspective of Writing System

박한상 사단법인 한국언어학회 2015 언어학 Vol.0 No.73

This study investigates the Hunminjeongeum consonant letter system from the perspective of writing system. This study analyzes the shape of the Hunminjeongeum consonant letters and attempts to provide answers to anomalies and irregularities of Hunminjeongeum consonant letters which occur in the processes of modeling, stroke adding, and gemination. The Hunminjeongeum consonant system is simple, since the letters of the other countries, in whole or in fraction, may have been integrated, distilled, and abstracted into basic graphical figures and additional strokes. It is systematic in that additional letters have been derived from basic letters which have been modeled after the speech organs. The Hunminjeongeum consonant letter set is a necessary minimum out of many possible, and the writing system is not only precise and necessary but also concise and sufficient.

Hunminjeongeum Medials and Cardinal Vowels

박한상 사단법인 한국언어학회 2014 언어학 Vol.0 No.70

This study investigates the Hunminjeongeum medials and the Cardinal Vowelsfrom the perspective of writing system. This study has discussed similaritiesand differences between the Hunminjeongeum medials and the Cardinal Vowelsin terms of phonetic, graphical, and philosophical properties. It is shown thatthe Hunminjeongeum medials are characterized by a triangular vowel space,while the Cardinal Vowels are characterized by a quadrangular structure. Bothsystems were commonly based on extreme and polar vowels and the vowelspace is divided into back and non-back series, with the intervening vowelspace (possibly equidistantly) divided. It is interesting that theHunminjeongeum medials demonstrate a central-to-front series and the CardinalVowels have two sets of monophthongs distinguished by lip shape. There wasa remarkable similarity in the configuration of the system between theHunminjeongeum medials and the Cardinal Vowels. It is significant that theHunminjeongeum medials were invented half millennium earlier than theCardinal Vowels.

The Characteristics of the Hunminjeongeum Medial Letters: from the Perspective of Writing System

박한상 서울대학교 언어교육원 2014 語學硏究 Vol.50 No.3

This study investigates the characteristics of the Hunminjeongeum medialletters from the perspective of writing system. The second derivationletters(再出字) and the composite letters(相合字) related to themwere examined in terms of the constraints on letter shape, the operatingsystem of the letters, and the constraints on the syllabic block. Thepresent study provides answers to the questions about why a dot wasemployed as a graphical device for an onglide [j] of the second derivationletters, and why only the second derivation letters of all diphthongalletters were included in the eleven Hunminjeongeum medialletters, and why and were described separately and different fromthe SDs and the other composite letters. A graphical device ⋅ wasused for an onglide [j] instead of ㅣ to avoid confusion in the operatingsystem of the letters. The eleven Hunminjeongeum medial lettersare a collection of unitary letters to form composite medial letters. and were unavoidable choices to avoid confusion in the operatingsystem of the letters, so that they fill the case vide in the symmetric setsof diphthongal medial letters, showing that the vertical medial letterprecedes the horizontal one ‘beyond’ the medial letter position which isempty.

모음간 자음군 길이와 음운론적 함의

박한상,이상직 사단법인 한국언어학회 2009 한국언어학회 학술대회지 Vol.2009 No.6

음원 스펙트럼의 기울기와 H1-H2의 시간 변이를 이용한 여러 언어의 발성 유형 연구

박한상 사단법인 한국언어학회 2010 언어학 Vol.0 No.58

The present study investigates the phonation types of coronal plosives that occur in utterance initial CV sequences in Bahasa Malaysia, English, Korean, and Hindi. H1-H2 and spectral tilt were measured from the source spectrum of the speech samples where the radiation and filter characteristics were removed by inverse filtering and deemphasis. The time courses of H1-H2 and spectral tilt of the words spoken by two native speakers of each language showed that there were some notable differences in the overall level, initial values, and time-varying pattern of H1-H2 and spectral tilt across speakers and phonation types for each language.

말레이시아어와 인도네시아어 모음 공간의 지형도

박한상,박정숙,전태현,Park Han-Sang,Park Jeong-Sook,Chun Tai-Hyun 대한음성학회 2006 말소리 Vol.58 No.-

The present study investigates the vowels of Bahasa Malaysia and Bahasa Indonesia in terms of the first two formant frequencies and provides a three-dimensional formant chart of vowels by plotting F1, F2, and the frequency of <F1,F2> datapoints on 4 different scales: Hz, mel, bark, and the number of ERB. For this study, we recruited 30 male native speakers of Bahasa Malaysia and Bahasa Indonesia (15 each) which include 6 vowels (i, e, a, o, u, e) in various contexts. The three-dimensional formant chart showed geophysics of vowel space, such that mountain peaks stand in particular locations with a higher frequency of occurrence of datapoints. The geophysics of vowel space may shed lights on the perceptual structure of vowel space. The results also showed that vowels in utterance-final positions have a significantly higher F1 and a significantly lower F2 than those in utterance-medial or utterance-initial positions, which means that vowels in utterance-final positions are more back and lower in vowel space than those in utterance-medial or utterance-initial positions.

타이어 외래어 표기법의 문제점과 대안

박한상 한글학회 2019 한글 Vol.- No.326

This study discusses problems in the current Thai Hangeulization System and proposes an alternative to it. Examination of the Thai Hangeulization System suggested that priority should have been given to the transcription of Thai sounds, not to the transliteration of Thai script, that Conversion and revision of the Thai romanization system in Thailand and the resulting different versions of it has brought confusion and convolution to the Thai Hangeulization System, and that a drifting anchor, an erroneous format, a clumsy selection of examples, and missing entries, has conspired to produce an ineffective Thai Hangeulization System. This study provides an alternative to the current Thai Hangeulization System, by placing the anchor on the proper side of transcription, correcting errors, and including a comprehensive list of Thai characters to be transcribed. 이 연구는 타이어 외래어 표기법의 문제를 토론하고 타이어 외래어 표기법을 수정⋅보완하여 대안을 제시한다. 타이어 외래어 표기법의 구성과 내용을 보면 로마자가 중심이고 타이어 자모가 부수적이다. 타이어 외래어 표기법의 바탕이 되는 태국의 로마자 표기법을 살펴본 결과 타이어 외래어 표기법의 혼란과 혼동의 원인이 여러 차례의 로마자 표기법 개정과 전사 및 전자 방식의 전환에서 비롯된 것임을 확인하였다. 타이어 외래어 표기법에서 나타나는 기준의 혼란, 오류, 미비점 등의 문제를 지적하고 기타 고려사항들을 참고하여 수정안 마련의 토대로 삼았다. 전자 방식 로마자 표기 체계에 바탕을 두고 현행 타이어 외래어 표기법의 오류를 수정하고 미비한 점을 보완하여 대안을 제시하였다.

한국어 장애음의 강도 특성

박한상,Park Hansang 대한음성학회 2003 말소리 Vol.47 No.-

This study investigates differences in intensity across the three different Korean obstruent types in terms of the RMS amplitude of both the entire section and the first 512 samples of the immediately following vowel in two positions. The results showed that for the utterance initial position the RMS amplitude of both the entire section and the first 512 samples of the vowel was greatest for fortis obstruents, intermediate for aspirated ones, and weakest for lenis ones, with a significant difference between each pair of them. For the intervocalic position, in contrast, the intensity of the entire vowel was greatest for fortis obstruents, intermediate for lenis ones, and weakest for aspirated ones, with no significant difference between the last two groups, whereas the intensity of the first 512 samples of the vowel was greatest for fortis obstruents, intermediate for lenis ones, and weakest for aspirated ones, with a significant difference between each pair of the three groups. This means that the intensity of the earlier part of the vowel functions as a discriminator of Korean obstruents. The positional difference is due to the different behavior of the lenis obstruents in the intervocalic position, such that the intensity build-up is already on its way with voice lead.