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Internalization of Rat FSH and LH/CG Receptors by rec-eCG in CHO-K1 Cells
박종주,성훈기,김정수,Byambaragchaa Munkhzaya,강명화,민관식 한국발생생물학회 2017 발생과 생식 Vol.21 No.2
Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) is a unique molecule that elicits the response characteristics of both fol-licle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in other species. Previous studies from this laboratory had demonstrated that recombinant eCG (rec-eCG) from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells exhibited both FSH- and LH-like activity in rat granulosa and Leydig cells. In this study, we analyzed receptor internalization through rec-eCGs, wild type eCG (eCGβ/α) and mutant eCG (eCGβ/αΔ56) with an N-linked oligosaccharide at Asn56 of the α-subunit. Both the rec-eCGs were obtained from CHO-K1 cells. The agonist activation of receptors was analyzed by measuring stimulation time and concentra-tions of rec-eCGs. Internalization values in the stably selected rat follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (rFSHR) and rat lute-inizing/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (rLH/CGR) were highest at 50 min after stimulation with 10 ng of rec-eCGβ/α. The dose-dependent response was highest when 10 ng of rec-eCGβ/α was used. The deglycosylated eCGβ/αΔ56 mutant did not enhance the agonist-stimulated internalization. We concluded that the state of activation of rFSHR and rLH/CGR could be modulated through agonist-stimulated internalization. Our results suggested that the eLH/CGRs are mostly internalized within 60 min by agonist-stimulation by rec-eCG. We also suggested that the lack of responsiveness of the deglycosylated eCGβ/ αΔ56 was likely because the site of glycosylation played a pivotal role in agonist-stimulated internalization in cells express-ing rFSHR and rLH/CGR.
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박종주,이명수,공경환,고호연,Park, Jong-Joo,Lee, Myung-Su,Kong, Kyung-Hwan,Go, Ho-Yeon 대한한방내과학회 2012 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.33 No.2
Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the autonomic nervous system and the cold-heat pattern in patients with chronic constipation. Methods : Subjects with chronic constipation (n=30) and without chronic constipation (n=20) were recruited, interviewed and measured for heart rate variability (HRV). Chronic constipation was defined as functional constipation and Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) with constipation based on Rome III criteria. We surveyed patients' general characteristics, categorized by cold-heat pattern, and took measurement of HRV for 5 minutes. Analysis was conducted among these three indices. Results : Women accounted for most of the subjects with chronic constipation (96.7%). In groups with or without constipation, the number of cold patterns was more than of heat patterns. The mean heart rate of subjects without chronic constipation was significantly higher than that of subjects with chronic constipation. No other statistical significance was noted among indices of HRV and cold-heat pattern. Conclusions : Through this study, there were few relationships between autonomic nervous system measured by HRV and cold-heat pattern in chronic constipation.
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$Sb_2O_3$함량 변화에 따른 저전압용 ZnO Varistor의 미세구조 특성
박종주,서정선 한국결정학회 1997 韓國結晶學會誌 Vol.8 No.2
본 연구는 ZnO-Bi2O3-Co3O4-MnCo3-Cr2O3-Sb2O3를 기본 조성으로 하여 Sb2O3 첨가량(0-0.09mol%) 변화에 따른 grain size와 미세구조 특성을 고찰하고자 하였다. Sb2O3가 첨가되지 않은 조성은 이상 입자 성장에 의해 거대한 ZnO grain이 생성되었으며, Sb2O3를 첨가한 조성은 Zn7Sb2O12 spinel상 생성으로 입자 성장이 억제되어 이상입자 성장이 관찰되지 않았다. Sb2O3 첨가량 증가에 따라 ZnO grain size가 현격하게 감소하였으며 그 미세구조는 조밀하고 균일한 크기의 grain분포를 나타내었다. ZnO varistor based on ZnO-Bi2O3-Co3O4-MnCO3-Cr2-O3-Sb2O3 system with Sb2O3 contents were studied for grain size variation and microstructure properties. The composition of pure ZnO varistor was observed composition was inhibited owing to formation of Zn7Sb2O12 spinel phase and did not observed abnrmal grain growth. With Sb2O3 contents, the grain sizes of ZnO varistor were remarkably decreased and the microstructure had the distribution of dense and homogeneous grains.
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박종주,서상민,최용식,김영진 대한기계학회 1994 대한기계학회논문집 Vol.18 No.6
This paper describes the development strategy and contents of a fatigue life evaluation system, FLEVA. The system is composed of 4 parts; material properties, load histories, cycle counting and life prediction. The cycle counting is based on the rain-flow counting method and peak counting method, and the life prediction is performed based on the linear damage rule. Material properties(static, fatigue) are also provided as a database obtained by a computer aided test system. Case study is performed to verify the developed program.
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하수슬러지 유동층 소각에서 유동매체가 N2O 발생의 영향에 관한 연구
박종주,이승재,유인수,문승현,박영성 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2013 한국폐기물자원순환학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.2
하수종말처리장에서 발생하는 슬러지 발생량은 매년 증가하는 추세이다. 이 슬러지는 지금까지 해양투기와 매립에 의존해왔지만, 런던협약으로 인해 2012년부터 해양투기가 금지되었으며, 매립지 확보문제, 주민의 민원 등이 문제가 되고 있다. 그리하여 소각을 통해 슬러지를 처리하고 있는 것이 현실이다. 소각이 이루어지면서 많은 온실가스가 발생된다. 그중 소각으로 인해 발생하는 많은 물질 중 아산화질소(N₂O)는 대표적인 온실가스 중 하나이다. N₂O가 지구 온난화에 미치는 영향은 CO₂가 미치는 영향의 약 10 % 정도지만 대기 중에서 매우 안정하기 때문에 150년 동안 체류하며, 지구온난화지수(GWP: Global Warming Potential)를 보았을 때는 CO₂에 비해 310배나 높다. 하수슬러지는 화석연료에 비해 높은 함량의 질소성분을 함유하고 있어서 소각 시 고농도의 질산화물의 발생이 예측되고 슬러지의 무기물 중에 여러 가지의 중금속이 함유되어 있어 무해화 소각시스템 개발이 요구되고 있다. 이에 선진국에서는 감량화, 무해화, 자원화를 동시에 하고자하는 소각처리방법을 채택하고 있다. 유동층 소각과 같이 고정 연소장치에서 N₂O의 발생을 억제하는 방법으로는 연소온도의 상승, 산소농도의 저하, 접촉입자와의 혼합 촉진, 고압화(가압유동층 연소) 등이 있다. 이러한 방법의 문제로는 연소효율이 탈황율의 저하를 일으키는 경우가 발생하며, 유동층연소에서 N₂O 생성을 감소시키면 NOx의 생성이 증가하는 경우가 대부분이므로, 확실한 N₂O 억제로 보기 어려운 것이 현실이다. 본 연구에서는 하수슬러지를 소각시 유동매체를 사용하여 발생하는 온실가스인 N₂O의 발생은 억제하고자 실험을 수행하였다. 이때 유동매체의 변화로 인한 N₂O의 발생량을 알아 보았으며, 과잉공기비, 유동매체의 양, 등을 변화를 시키며 N₂O발생량의 변화를 지켜보았다. 그리하여 유동매체의 사용으로 효과적인 N₂O저감을 시킬 수 있을 것이며, 최적은 운전조건을 규명하고자 하였다.
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박종주,석창성,김영진,Park, Jong-Joo,Seok, Chang-Sung,Kim, Young-Jin 대한기계학회 1996 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.20 No.11
For mechanical system operating at high temperature, damage due to the interaction effect of creep and fatigue plays an important role. The objective of this paper is to develop a modified creep-fatigue damage model which separately analyzes the pure creep damage for hold time and the creep-fatigue interaction damage during startup and shutdown period. The creep damage was calculated by the general creep damage equation and the creep-fatigue interaction damage was calculated by the modified equation which is based on the frequency modified strain range method with strain rate term. In order to verify the proposed model, a service of high temperature low cycle fatigue tests were performed. The test specimens were made from inconel-718 superalloy and the test parameters were wave shape and hold time. A good agreement between the predicted lives based on the proposed model and experimentally obtained ones was observed.
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