침(鍼) 및 전침(電鍼)이 SHR 대뇌(大腦)에서 Doublecortin, PSA-NCAM, pCREB 양성 신경세포에 미치는 영향

박정환,이재동,김창환,Park, Jung-hwan,Lee, Jae-dong,Kim, Chang-hwan 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.3

Background and Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acupuncture and electroacupuncture on the DCX, PSA-NCAM, and pCREB expression in the brain of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR). Materials and Methods : SHR were divided into five groups: control group, acupuncture group, 2Hz electroacupuncture(EA) group and 100Hz EA group. We evaluated the changes of the DCX, PSA-NCAM, and pCREB positive cells using immunohistochemical method. In the olfactory bulb, we investigate the optical densities of the immunoactive cells. In the dentate gyrus and the piriform cortex, we count the immunoactive cells under the $100{\times}$ visual field optical microscope. Results : 1. The optical densities of DCX-positive cells in the subependymal zone were significantly decreased in all groups, compared to the control group. 2. The counts of DCX-positive cells in the dentate gyrus were significantly increased in all groups, compared to the control group. The counts of DCX-positive cells in the piriform cortex were significantly increased in the acupuncture and 100Hz EA group, compared to the control group. 3. The optical densities of PSA-NCAM-positive cells in the subependymal zone were significantly decreased in the acupuncture and 2Hz EA group, compared to the control group. 4. The counts of PSA-NCAM-positive cells in the dentate gyrus and the piriform cortex were significantly increased in all group, compared to the control group. 5. The counts of pCREB-positive cells in the dentate gyrus were significantly increased in all groups, compared to the control group. The counts of pCREB-positive cells in the piriform cortex were significantly increased in the acupuncture and 100Hz EA group, compared to the control group. Conclusion : We conclude that acupuncture and EA may affect neuronal cell proliferation, differentiation and plasticity in the brain.

ET 중력계에 의한 기조력 변화 연구

박정환,한욱,Park, Jung Hwan,Han, Uk 대한자원환경지질학회 1998 자원환경지질 Vol.31 No.2

Earth tide observations were taken at AMIST observatory in Seoul by LaCoste-Romberg ET gravimeter from September 2 to 16, 1997 for determining the gravimetric factor ($\delta$) and analyzing the tidal components. Meter drifts were corrected by regression and then denoised by threshholding wavelet, a data processing tool. The mean value of $\delta$ is 1.2 and the mean phase lag of & ($M_2$, $S_2$) and & $K_1$, $O_1$) is $0.07{\pm}0.03^{\circ}$ and $0.08{\pm}0.07^{\circ}$ by analyzing the observed earth tides. For yielding measurements of gravity accurate to about 0.01 mgal, the Earth tide observations are required by ET meter. The tidal variations are due to the planet's distance and zenith angle. With the exception of Earth-Moon and Earth-Sun mechanism, the possible causes of tidal variations are tectonical, meterological and hydrological perturbations. The long period and broad observations are required for determining the state of art gravimetric factor in Korea.

하드웨어와 소프트웨어의 역할 분담을 통해 칩 면적을 크게 줄인 Image Signal Processor의 설계

박정환,박종식,이성수,Park, Jung-Hwan,Park, Jong-Sik,Lee, Seong-Soo 한국정보통신학회 2010 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.14 No.8

이미지 센서에서 획득된 영상에는 화질 개선을 위해 다양한 이미지 처리 과정이 필요하다. 이러한 이미지를 처리해 주는 역할을 하는 것을 ISP(Image Signal Processor)라고 한다. 기존의 비전 카메라는 상용 ISP 칩을 사용하는 대신에 자체적으로 ISP 기능을 소프트웨어로 구현하여 PC등에서 수행하는 방식을 택해왔다. 그러나 이러한 방식은 ISP 기능을 수행하는데 많은 연산을 필요로 함에 따라 고성능 PC를 필요로 하는 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 하드웨어와 소프트웨어의 효율적인 분담을 통해 칩 면적을 크게 줄인 ISP를 제안한다. 연산을 빠르게 처리하기 위하여 연산이 많은 블록은 하드웨어로 설계하였고, 하드웨어의 면적을 고려하여 하드웨어와 소프트웨어를 동시에 이용하도록 설계하였다. 구현된 ISP는 VGA(640*480)급의 영상을 처리할 수 있으며 0.35um 공정에서 91450 게이트의 크기를 가진다. The Image sensor needs various image processing to improve image quality. ISP(Image Signal Processor) performs various image processing. Conventional vision cameras have own software ISP functions and perform in PC instead of using commercial ISP chips. However these methods have problems such as large computation for image processing. In this paper, we proposed ISP that significantly reduced chip area by efficient sharing of hardware and software. Large operation blocks are designed to hardware for high performances, and we used hardware simultaneously with software considering the size of the hardware. The implemented ISP can process VGA(640*4800) images and has 91450 gate sizes in 0.35um process.

저온 플라즈마 공정에 의한 NO_x 제거시 공정 변수의 영향

박정환,김동주,김교선,Park, Jung-Hwan,Kim, Dong-Joo,Kim, Kyo-Seon 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.21 No.1

In this study, we analyzed the $NO_X$ removal effiency by the low temperature plasma process and investigated the effect of several process variables. Most of NO is converted into $NO_2$ and, later, into $HNO_3$ which reacts with $NH_3$ to form $NH_4NO_3$ particles. As the frequency of appling voltage increases, as the applied voltage increases or as the residential time increases, removal efficiency of the NO supplied initially increase. The removal efficiency of $NO_X$ also increases with the increase of $NH_3$ supplied.

사상의학적(四象醫學的)으로 접근한 노인성 입얼굴 이상운동증 환자 치험 2례

박정환,김윤하,고가연,안택원,Park, Jung-Hwan,Kim, Yoon-Ha,Go, Ga-Yeon,Ahn, Taek-Won 사상체질의학회 2015 사상체질의학회지 Vol.27 No.3

Objectives This study was designed to report diagnosis and treatment by Sasang Constitutional Medicine to the patients with Oro-facial Dyskinesia. Methods These two patients were diagnosed as Soyangin and Taeeumin according to the result of Sasang constitutional diagnosis, and treated by Sasang constitutional medications and acupuncture. The progress was evaluated with the Global Assessment Scale (GAS). Result Oro-facial Dyskinesia was almost disappeared in each patients. the one patient was cured with Chongshimyeonja-tang and Yuldahanso-tang, and the other was cured with Hyeungbangjihwang-tang. Conclusion We can treat Oro-facial Dyskinesia whose cause is mostly idiopathic with the diagnosis and treatment of Sasang Constitutional Medicine.

고압 직분사식 가솔린 연료분사기의 노즐 홀 길이가 분무 거동 및 미립화에 미치는 영향

박정환 ( Jeong Hwan Park ),김형진 ( Hyoung Jin Kim ),송재천 ( Jae Cheon Song ),박중원 ( Jung Won Park ),신문성 ( Moon Sung Shin ) 한국액체미립화학회 2014 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

Gasoline engine has been developed from PFI engine to GDI engine because global needs and exhaust regulations. GDI engine is well known for higher performance and combustion efficiency compared to PFI engine. However, the direction injection engine has emission problem like a PM, PN. Also, GDI engine must be reduced because of the enhanced emission control. In order to reduce the PM emission, GDI engine has more higher injection pressure from 100bar to 200bar. Because Higher injection pressure cause to lower SMD and good mixture formation. However, cylinder wall wetting is higher due to the longer spray penetration. Therefore, The purpose of this study is to optimize nozzle hole parameter, especially hole length. Spray penetration is proportional to hole length due to the spray momentum. But spray velocity of long nozzle is faster decrease than due to small SMD

칼 융의 사상과 다석 류영모 사상의 비교분석

박정환(Jung-hwan Park) 한국종교학회 2017 宗敎硏究 Vol.77 No.1

GIS용 광 CT의 온도보상 특성에 관한 연구

박정환(Jung-Hwan Park),송현직(Hyun-Jig Song),박원주(Won-Zoo Park),이광식(Kwang-Sik Lee),김민수(Min-Soo Kim),김정배(Jung-Bae Kim) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2005 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.11월

현재 국내·외에서 GIS용 광 CT가 활발히 연구?개발되고 있다. 이러한 광 CT는 전류와 온도의 변화에 따른 오차가 발생하는데 온도특성을 고려하여 온도변화에 따른 출력신호의 오차를 감소시키고 전류를 더욱 정밀하고 안정적으로 측정 가능하도록 온도보상 시스템이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 온도보상 시스템 연구를 위한 광 CT의 온도보상 특성에 대한 연구 계획을 기술하였다.

인천연안 갯벌의 특성조사(Ⅰ) - 퇴적환경 및 유기물분포

박정환 ( Jung-hwan Park ),이충대 ( Choong-dae Lee ),정종태 ( Jong-tai Jung ),김진한 ( Jin-han Kim ) 한국환경기술학회 2013 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구에서는 인천연안지역 8개지역 갯벌에 대하여 입도, 강열감량, 화학적산소요구량, 산휘발성황화물, 총유기탄소 등을 2011년 봄·가을 2회에 걸쳐 분석함으로서 퇴적물의 입도분포와 유기물의 수직적·계절적 변화특성을 조사하였다. 인천연안 갯벌은 대부분 실트질이 가장 우세하며 실트와 모래(Silt+Sand)의 평균함량이 95.3%에 해당하는 혼성갯벌로 나타났다. 표층퇴적물의 계절적 입도분포는 봄철보다 가을철에 모래성분이 증가하는 양상을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 주상퇴적물의 수직적 입도분포특성은 동막갯벌의 경우 주상의 깊이에 따라 모래성분이 증가하는 경향을 보이고 있으나, 장화리, 소래, 북항갯벌은 주상의 깊이에 따라 모래성분이 감소하는 경향을 보이는 것으로 분석되었다. 인천연안 갯벌의 유기물 농도의 계절적분포양상은 황산도갯벌을 제외하고는 봄철에 비해 가을철에 낮게 나타나는 것으로 조사되었다. 북항갯벌과 소래갯벌을 제외하고는 인천연안갯벌의 유기물 농도는 우리나라 타 지역 및 일본수산환경기준치보다 훨씬 낮은 수준으로 나타나 양호한 저서생태환경으로 조사되었다. 인천연안 갯벌의 주상퇴적물의 유기물 수직분포는 비슷한 경향을 보이며, 공장밀집지역인 북항갯벌의 유기물 오염이 가장 심한 것으로 조사되었으며 이곳의 갯벌은 퇴적물의 깊이에 따른 유기물의 농도증감이 가장 현저하게 나타나 유기물 오염이 장기간 지속된 것으로 판단된다. This study was conducted to evaluate both seasonal and vertical characteristics of grain size distribution and organic matters in the tidal flat sediments of 8 costal areas in Incheon, in terms of analyzing the particle size, ignition loss, COD(chemical oxygen demand), acid volatile sulfide and TOC(total organic carbon) once in the spring and once in the fall in 2011. The tidal flat sediments in Incheon costal area consisted of predominantly silt and a mixed tidal flat of silt and sand as 95.3% of average contents. The seasonal grain size distribution in the surface sediment showed that the sand component tended to increase in the fall than in the spring. The vertical grain size distribution in the sediment core showed that the sand component tended to increase with the depth of sediment core in Dongmak site, whereas decrease in the sites of Janhwari, Sorae, and Northern Harbour. The seasonal concentration distribution of organic matters in the surface sediment was observed to be lower in the fall season compared with that in the spring season among all sediment sites except Hwangsando. An organism concentration of all the tidal flat sediments except Northern Harbour and Sorae areas was much lower than that of Japan Fisheries environmental standard and that of other regions in Korea, thus it seemed to be a good benthic ecological environment. The vertical concentration distribution of organic matters in the sediment core showed the similar trend among all costal areas in Incheon, and the most serious contamination of organic matters was observed at the sediment core in Northern Harbour near to industrial complex, where a concentration variation of organic matters in sediments with depth was most remarkable, therefore an organic pollution was considered the long-time sustained.

노인보호구역의 안전성 제고를 위한 개선방안 연구

박정환(PARK, Jung Hwan),김명수(KIM, Myung soo),서소민(SEO, So Min),조경남(JO, Kyung Nam) 대한교통학회 2014 대한교통학회 학술대회지 Vol.70 No.-