네트워크 트래픽 특성을 이용한 개인정보유출 탐지기법

박정민,김은경,정유경,채기준,나중찬,Park, Jung-Min,Kim, Eun-Kyung,Jung, Yu-Kyung,Chae, Ki-Joon,Na, Jung-Chan 한국정보처리학회 2007 정보처리학회논문지 C : 정보통신,정보보안 Vol.14 No.3

유비쿼터스 네트워크 환경에서 개인정보의 유출은 다양한 사이버 범죄를 야기하며 개인정보의 상품화로 프라이버시의 침해가 증가하므로 개인정보의 유출을 탐지하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 본 논문은 네트워크의 트래픽 특성을 기반으로 한 개인정보 유출 탐지 기법을 제안하고자 한다. 실제 대학망에서 정상 상태의 트래픽을 수집하여 트래픽의 특성을 분석함으로써 네트워크 트래픽이 자기유사성을 지님을 확인하였다. 개인정보의 유출을 시도하는 악성코드의 사전정보수집단계를 모사한 비정상적인 트래픽에 대하여 정상 트래픽에서의 자기유사성과의 변화를 살펴봄으로써 이상을 조기 감지할 수 있었다. In a ubiquitous network environment, detecting the leakage of personal information is very important. The leakage of personal information might cause severe problem such as impersonation, cyber criminal and personal privacy violation. In this paper, we have proposed a detection method of personal information leakage based on network traffic characteristics. The experimental results indicate that the traffic character of a real campus network shows the self-similarity and Proposed method can detect the anomaly of leakage of personal information by malicious code.

주형법으로 제조된 Gd₂O₃:Eu³⁺ 적색 형광체의 나노입자 분산 및 형상제어

박정민,반세민,정경열,최병기,강광중,김대성,Park, Jeong Min,Ban, Se Min,Jung, Kyeong-Youl,Choi, Byung-Ki,Kang, Kwang-Jung,Kim, Dae-Sung 한국재료학회 2017 한국재료학회지 Vol.27 No.10

$Gd_2O_3:Eu^{3+}$ red phosphors were prepared by template method from crystalline cellulose impregnated by metal salt. The crystallite size and photoluminescence(PL) property of $Gd_2O_3:Eu^{3+}$ red phosphors were controlled by varying the calcination temperature and $Eu^{3+}$ mol ratio. The nano dispersion of $Gd_2O_3:Eu^{3+}$ was also conducted with a bead mill wet process. Dependent on the time of bead milling, $Gd_2O_3:Eu^{3+}$ nanosol of around 100 nm (median particle size : $D_{50}$) was produced. As the bead milling process proceeded, the luminescent efficiency decreased due to the low crystallinity of the $Gd_2O_3:Eu^{3+}$ nanoparticles. In spite of the low PL property of $Gd_2O_3:Eu^{3+}$ nanosol, it was observed that the photoluminescent property was recovered after re-calcination. In addition, in the dispersed nanosol treated at $85^{\circ}C$, a self assembly phenomenon between particles appeared, and the particles changed from spherical to rod-shaped. These results indicate that particle growth occurs due to mutual assembly of $Gd(OH)_3$ particles, which is the hydration of $Gd_2O_3$ particles, in aqueous solvent at $85^{\circ}C$.

다단 침전법에 의한 구형 BaMgAl₁₀O₁₇:Eu 형광체의 제조 및 특성

박정민,정하균,박희동,박윤창,Park, Jumg-Min,Jung, Ha-Kyun,Park, Hee-Dong,Park, Yoon-Chang 한국재료학회 2002 한국재료학회지 Vol.12 No.11

A spherical $BaMgAl_{10}$ $O_{17}$ :Eu phosphor has been synthesized by a multi-step precipitation route. In order to successfully synthesize the phosphor with spherical shape, the hydrated-alumina particles should be controlled for spherical shape. In this process, the hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) was used as a dispersing reagent. This reagent plays an important role in that the particles were controlled to have the uniform size of sub-micron. The final product prepared by the multi-step precipitation method maintained spherical shape with uniform size of 0.4$\mu\textrm{m}$. It can be seen in X-ray diffraction patterns, formation of the single phase of $BaMgAl_{10}$ $O_{17}$ :Eu phosphor prepared by the multi-step precipitation method at $1350^{\circ}C$. Also, the emission spectra of spherical $BaMgAl_{O}$ $10_{17}$ :Eu phosphor in the present case was compared with those of commercially-available blue phosphor under VUV (Vacuum Ultra Violet) excitation. The luminescence process of the $BaMgAl_{10}$ $O_{17}$ :Eu phosphor is characterized by the $4f^{6}$$5d^1$longrightarrow4f$^{7}$ transition (blue) of the $Eu^{2+}$ ion acting as an activating center and the maximum luminescence intensity was obtained by reduction treatment at 145$0^{\circ}C$.

가공식품과 육가공품의 트랜스 지방산 함량 조사

박정민,지원구,김은정,박다정,신진호,심순미,서형주,장은재,강덕호,김진만,Park, Jung-Min,Ji, Won-Gu,Kim, Eun-Jung,Park, Da-Jung,Shin, Jin-Ho,Shim, Soon-Mi,Suh, Hyung-Joo,Chang, Un-Jae,Kang, Duk-Ho,Kim, Jin-Man 한국축산식품학회 2007 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.27 No.4

본 연구에서 트랜스 지방산 함량에 대한 기초자료를 수집하기 위하여 서울 지역에서 수거한 도넛류 28종, 빵류 18종, 냉동생지류 4종, 팝콘류 2종, 그리고 육가공품 중에서 햄류, 너겟류, 소시지류 및 베이컨류 각각 1종씩을 선택하여 총 8종류의 56종의 시료를 분석하였다. 도넛류, 빵류, 냉동생지 및 팝콘류는 chloroform-methanol(CM) 추출법에 의하여 조지방을 추출하였으며 햄, 소시지, 너겟 및 베이컨류의 육제품은 산분해법을 이용하여 조지방을 추출한 후 gas chromatography(GC)에 의해 트랜스 지방산 함량을 분석하였다. 도넛류의 총 지방중 트랜스 지방산 함량은 0-3.3%이며 베이커리에서 원료에 마가린과 버터가 많이 함유되어 있는 페스츄리의 트랜스 지방산 함량은 0.2-5.8%로서 제조시 제품성상과 제조회사에 따라 차이가 많이 났다. 냉동생지의 트랜스 지방산 함량은 0.2-6.3%로서 시료 간 가장 많은 차이를 나타내었으며 이는 수입산 냉동생지 사용여부에 기인된다고 사료된다. 팝콘류에서는 총 두 제품 중 한 제품에서는 검출되지 않았으며 또 다른 제품에서는 5.8%의 높은 트랜스 지방산 함유률을 나타내었다. 육가공품에서의 트랜스 지방산 함량은 햄류, 너겟류 그리고 소시류에서 각각 0.1%로 낮은 수준으로 조사되었으며 베이컨류에서는 트랜스 지방산이 불검출 되었다. Small amounts of trans fatty acids exist naturally in beef and dairy foods. Also, they can be produced in the process of partial hydrogenation to manufacture shortning or margarine. They can provide a better palatability and shelf life. According to the recently studies, trans fatty acids can raise health risk such as heart diseases and coronary artery diseases. They can also increase low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and decrease high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in the blood plasma, therefore increasing the risk of atherosclerosis and diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine total lipids and trans fatty acids (TFAs) content in processed foods and meat products. The analysis of trans fatty acids was performed in 28 samples of donuts, 18 samples of bakeries, 4 samples of frozen doughs, 2 samples of popcorns, and 4 samples of meat products (ham, sausage, nuget, and bacon). Total lipids in processed foods and meat products were extracted by chloroform-Methanol method and acid digestion, respectively. They were analyzed by gas chromatography using a SP-2560 column and flame ionization detector. The amounts of TFAs per 100 g of foods were 0-3.3% (0.74% on average) in donuts, 0.2-5.8% (1.18% on average) in bakeries, 0.2-6.3% (1.93% on average) in frozen doughs, and 0-5.8% in popcorns. Meat products such as ham, sausage, and nuget analyzed 0.1% of TFAs, respectively and trans fatty acids in bacon were not detected. As a result, the distribution of TFAs in processed foods was widely ranged from O% to 6.3% according to manufacturers and types of products, whereas the content of TFAs in meat products ranged from 0% to 0.1%.

수산화인회석과 인산삼칼슘 및 1형 콜라젠 혼합골의 전자빔 조사 효과

박정민,김성민,김민근,박영욱,명훈,이병철,이종호,이석근,Park, Jung Min,Kim, Soung Min,Kim, Min Keun,Park, Young Wook,Myoung, Hoon,Lee, Byung Cheol,Lee, Jong Ho,Lee, Suk Keun 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2013 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.35 No.1

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect and potential of electron beam (E-beam) irradiation treatment to the synthetic bony mixtures composed of hydroxyapatite (HA; Bongros$^{(R)}$, Bio@ Co., Korea) and tricalcium phosphate (${\beta}$-TCP, Sigma-Aldrich Co., USA), mixed at various ratios and of type I collagen (Rat tail, BD Biosciences Co., Sweden) as an organic matrix. Methods: We used 1.0~2.0 MeV linear accelerator and 2.0 MeV superconductive linear accelerator (power 100 KW, pressure 115 kPa, temperature $-30{\sim}120^{\circ}C$, sensor sensitivity 0.1~1.2 mV/kPa, generating power sensitivity 44.75 mV/kPa, supply voltage $5{\pm}0.25$ V) with different irradiation dose, such as 1, 30 and 60 kGy. Structural changes in this synthetic bone material were studied in vitro, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elementary analysis and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), attenuated total reflection (ATR), and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). Results: The large particular size of HA was changed after E-beam irradiation, to which small particle of TCP was engaged with organic collagen components in SEM findings. Conclusion: The important new in vitro data to be applicable as the substitutes of artificial bone materials in dental and medical fields will be able to be summarized.

직접 검화법을 이용한 조제분유의 콜레스테롤 분석법 개발

김진만,박정민,윤태형,임동길,윤창용,정자영,정인식,곽병만,안장혁,Kim, Jin-Man,Park, Jung-Min,Yoon, Tae-Hyung,Leem, Dong-Gil,Yoon, Chang-Yong,Jeong, Ja-Young,Jeong, In-Seek,Kwak, Byung-Man,Ahn, Jang-Hyuk 한국축산식품학회 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.6

본 연구에서는 조제분유 중의 콜레스테롤을 신속하고 정확하게 분석하기 위해 지방 추출 과정을 거치지 않는 직접 검화 방법을 선택하여 분석법 개발을 시도하였다. 조제분유 분말시료를 직접 검화 수기에 취하여 검화 온도, 검화 시간, KOH 농도의 3가지 인자에 대해 콜레스테롤 회수율이 가장 양호하게 나타나는 최적 검화조건을 확립하고, 검화 후 수세과정에서 액액 분배가 용이한 용매 조건도 확립하였다. 또한 콜레스테롤 피크의 완전한 분리를 위한 적정 기기 조건을 확립하였다. 그 결과, 시료 약 2 g에 16 M-KOH 10 mL를 넣고 $90^{\circ}C$에서 60분 가열하여 검화한 후 diethyl ether로 3회 추출하고 hexane을 최종시험용액으로 하여 기기분석을 했을 때의 회수율이 98.80%로서 가장 양호하게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 조제분유의 효율적인 액액분배 및 직접가열 검화법은 일원배치 분산법에 의해 유화가공식품의 콜레스테롤 분석법으로 유효성이 검증되었으며, 아울러 개발된 전처리 방법 및 기기 분석 조건을 활용해 다양한 분석 기관에서 신속 정확하고 효율적인 콜레스테롤 분석을 수행할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 또한 산업체의 품질관리 및 검증기관에서 필요시 모니터링에 적극 활용 가능할 것으로 사료되며, 이를 통해 유화가공식품 류의 함량표시 및 규격관리의 정확성과 효율성 증대에 기여하여 제조업체의 정확하고도 효과적인 품질 및 안전성 확보에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 특히 위해 물질에 대한 정확한 함량 판단이 중요한 조제분유 등의 영 유아용 식품의 안전성 확보에 지대한 공헌을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. An improved cholesterol analysis method was developed for powdered infant formula by gas chromatographic separation after liquid-liquid extraction and partition. In the official Korea Food Standard method for cholesterol analysis, the water phase and solvent phase were not well separated in the case of emulsified foods such as powdered infant formulas and baby foods. For the rapid and simple sample preparation method, an optimized direct saponification condition was established for heating temperature, heating time, and KOH concentration. From the results, the optimum conditions were as follows: heating temperature $90^{\circ}C$, heating time 60 min, and 16 M KOH 10 mL for a 2 g infant formula sample; improved separation condition for gas chromatography was as follows: the initial oven condition was $250^{\circ}C$ for 25 min, the oven temperature was increased to $290^{\circ}C$ by $10^{\circ}C$/min ratio, and finally the oven temperature remained at $290^{\circ}C$for 9 min. The developed method could be implemented for the study of cholesterol, providing the advantages of reduced inspection time and cost in emulsified foods such as infant formula.

한국 성인형 치주염 환자의 치주낭 내 세균분포에 관한 암시야현미경적 연구

박정민,남기윤,이인경,엄흥식,장범석,Park, Jung-Min,Nam, Ki-Yoon,Lee, In-Kyeong,Um, Heung-Sik,Chang, Beom-Seok 대한치주과학회 2003 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.33 No.2

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference of subgingival bacterial compositions between periodontally healthy and diseased sites. Subgingival plaque samples were obtained from 100 sites in 20 untreated adult periodontitis patients(experimental group), and 100 sites in healthy individuals(contro1 group). Before sampling, probing pocket depth(PPD) and clinical level of attachment(CAL), Plaque Index(PI), and Sulcus Bleeding Index(SBI) were recorded for each sampled sites. Microbial samples were collected from the bases of gingival sulci or periodontal pockets with sterile curettes. The samples were examined under darkfield microscope(${\times}$400). At least 150 bacteria were evaluated and categorized on the basis of bacterial morphology and motility, i.e. cocci, non-motile rods, motile rods, and spirochetes. In control group, subgingival microbial flora consisted of 73.7% of cocci, 20.0% of non-motile rods, 4.3% of motile rods, and 2.0% of spirochetes. The microbial samples from experimental group consisted of 51.5% of cocci, 19.4% of non-motile rods, 17.6% of motile rods, and 11.6% of spirochetes. The proportion of cocci was higher in control group than in experimental group. Proportions of motile rods and spirochetes were higher in experimental group than in control group. The proportion of nonmotile rods in experimental group and control group was not significantly different. Sulcus Bleeding Index and Plaque Index showed high correlation with the bacterial composition. These findings suggests that examination of subgingival bacterial proportion may serve as more sensitive mirror of the local periodontal status than clinical parameters.

Towards the Theory of CEO Leadership: A Conceptual Model based on Charismatic, Transformational and Transactional Leadership

박정민,송윤아,류기현,이재은,Park, Jung Min,Song, Yun Ah,Ryu, Ki Hyun,Lee, Jae Eun The Korean Society of Business Venturing 2013 벤처창업연구 Vol.8 No.1

리더십은 경영학을 비롯한 많은 학문분야에서 광범위하게 논의되고 있는 주제 중 하나로 여러 학자들에 의해 다양한 형태의 리더십 연구가 진행되어져 왔다. 특히, CEO를 대상으로 하는 리더십 연구에서 많은 선행연구들은 CEO의 리더십 그 자체보다는 기업의 성과에 밀접한 영향을 미칠 수 있는 CEO의 행동 특성에 보다 큰 관심을 두었기 때문에 CEO 리더십 그 자체의 이론적 특징을 명확하게 설명하는 데에는 한계가 존재한다. 이러한 선행연구의 한계를 극복하고자, 본 연구에서는 CEO의 리더십 특성이 어떻게 조직수준에서 구축될 수 있는지를 규명하고 있다. 보다 구체적으로 본 연구는 기업의 규모가 커질수록 CEO의 카리스마 리더십의 정도가 커지며, 다각화된 기업의 CEO에게는 변혁적 리더십이 필요하지만, 다각화수준이 높지 않은 기업의 CEO에게는 거래적 리더십이 필요하다는 것을 논리적으로 제시하고 있다. 이 논문은 CEO 리더십의 특성이 기업의 환경적 특성에 따라 달라져야 함을 이론적으로 제시함으로서, CEO 리더십에 대한 이해의 폭을 넓히고, 실제 기업의 CEO들에게 유용한 실무적 시사점을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Leadership is one of the most widely explored subjects in the field of management. A variety of papers on leadership, however, still have insufficient aspects to reveal the theoretical logic about the CEO leadership itself. Such research, especially focused on organizational performance, tend to concentrate on the CEO's behavior rather than leadership because CEO's behavioral trait as an explanatory variable is useful to connect with firms' performance. Our purpose is to show how the characteristic of CEO leadership can be built at the organizational level. For a detail, the larger the firms' size, the greater the degree of CEO's charismatic leadership. The larger the degree of a firm's diversification, the greater the degree of the CEO's transformational leadership. And the less the degree of a firm's diversification, the greater the degree of the CEO's transactional leadership. This theoretical paper on CEO leadership suggests that the characteristics of CEO should be adaptable to the changing institutions and organizational environments.

구강악안면재건을 위한 복직근 유리피판의 해부학적 고찰

박정민,서미현,김성민,강지영,명훈,이종호,Park, Jung Min,Seo, Mi Hyun,Kim, Soung Min,Kang, Ji Young,Myoung, Hoon,Lee, Jong Ho 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2012 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.34 No.5

Midfacial reconstruction following resection of extensive malignant oral cavity tumors constitutes a challenging problems for reconstructive surgeons. Rectus abdominis muscle free flap (RAMFF) can be considered as the optimal reconstructive option in this case, because this flap has some advantages including consistent deep inferior epigastric artery anatomy, easy to dissect with well defined skin boundaries, acceptable donor site morbidity and the ability to perform simultaneous flap harvest with oral cancer ablation surgery. The rectus abdominis muscle forms an important part of the anterior abdominal wall and flexes the vertebral column, which is a long strap-like muscle divided transversely by three tendinous intersections, fibrous bands which are adherent to the anterior rectus sheath, which is thickly enclosed by the rectus sheath, except for the posterior part below the arcuate line that is usually located midway between the umbilicus and symphysis pubis. Below the arcuate line, this muscle lies in direct contact with the transversalis fascia and parietal peritoneum. For the better understanding of RAMFF as a routine reconstructive procedure in oral and maxillofacial surgery, the constant anatomical findings muse be learned and memorized by the young doctors in the course of the special curriculum periods for the Korean national board of oral and maxillofacial surgery. This review article will discuss the anatomical basis of RAMFF with Korean language.

전립선암 방사선 치료 시 토모치료와 양성자치료 빔 전달방식 비교

박정민,고은서,이진희,김진원,양진호,권경태,Park, Jung Min,Ko, Eun Seo,Lee, Jin Hee,Kim, Jin Won,Yang, Jin Ho,Kwon, Kyung Tae 대한방사선치료학회 2019 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.31 No.2

목 적: 전립선암 환자의 방사선치료 시 사용되는 토모치료(Tomotherapy)와 양성자치료(Protontherapy)의 계획을 각각 수립하여 토모치료의 IMRT방식과 양성자치료의 PBS방식을 이용한 빔 전달방식에 따른 선량분포의 특성을 비교하고 분석하고자 한다. 실험재료 및 방법: 수술을 하지 않고 근치목적으로 방사선치료만으로 하는 3명의 전립선암 환자를 대상으로 Tomotherapy^®사의 Hi.art planning station 5.1.1.6과 VARIAN사의 Eclipse 13.7을 사용하여 각각 Tomo IMRT 치료계획과 Proton PBS 치료계획을 수립하였다. 수립된 2가지 치료계획의 평가를 위해 선량용적히스토그램(Dose Volume Histogram, DVH)에서 PGTV의 평균선량(Dmean)과 최대선량(Dmax)을 산출하여 coverage를 확인하고 CI와 HI를 산출하였다. OAR평가에서는 직장체적의 25%가 받는 D 25%와 방광선량의 평균선량을 정상장기 보호효과를 비교하였다. 결 과: 환자 3명의 Tomo IMRT, Proton PBS의 DVH에서 평균 최대선량은 71.4Gy, 75.3Gy이고 평균선량은 70.4Gy, 72.8Gy이었다. 또한 CI는 각각 1.16, 1.31이었으며 HI는 0.04, 0.12으로 Tomo IMRT가 Proton PBS에 비해 선량 적합성 부분에서 우수하게 나타났다. OAR 평가에선 직장체적에서 받는 D 25% 각각 27.1Gy, 13.9Gy으로 Tomo IMRT가 평균적으로 방광의 평균선량과 더불어 Proton PBS보다 높은 선량분포를 보여 Proton PBS가 부작용을 줄일 수 있는 것으로 사료된다. 결 론: 전립선암 환자 치료 시 PGTV의 평균선량은 Proton PBS가 Tomo IMRT에 비해서 약 3.4% 높게 나타났다. 이는 Tomo IMRT가 선량적합성이 더 좋게 나타났지만 유의미한 결과 값으로 보기엔 미미한 차이로 사료된다. 그러나 두 방식의 결과값이 직장체적에서 받는 D 25%에서 51.2%, 방광의 평균선량에선 55.7% 더 적은 선량이 조사되어 Proton PBS에서 환자의 부작용을 줄일 수 있었다. Purpose: Tomo therapy and Proton therapy treatment plans for the treatment of prostate cancer patients were established, and the characteristics of dose distribution according to beam delivery method using Tomo therapy IMRT method and Proton therapy PBS method to compare and analyze the treatment effect were sought. Materials and Methods: Tomo IMRT treatment plan and Proton PBS treatment plan were established using the Hi.art planning station 5.1.1.6 of Tomo therapy and Eclipse 13.7 of VARIAN for three prostate cancer patients who were treated with radiotherapy only for radical purposes without surgery. For the evaluation of two treatment plans, the average dose (Dmean) and maximum dose (Dmax) of PGTV were calculated from dose volume histogram (DVH) to confirm the coverage and calculate CI and HI. In OAR evaluation, the dose received from the rectal volume 25% and the dose received from the bladder were evaluated to compare the normal long-term protection effect. Results: The mean maximum doses of the three patients were 71.4Gy, 75.3Gy and the mean doses were 70.4Gy and 72.8Gy in the DVH of the Tomo IMRT and Proton PBS. The CI was 1.16 and 1.31, and the HI was 0.04 and 0.12 respectively, and the Tomo IMRT was superior to the Proton PBS in dose suitability. Conclusion: The mean dose of PGTV in prostate cancer patients was 3.4% higher in Proton PBS than in Tomo IMRT. This is because the Dose suitability of Tomo IMRT was better, but it is considered to be a small difference to be seen as a significant result. However, the results of the two methods were 51.2% in D 25% and 55.7% less in the average dose of bladder, which could reduce the side effects of patients in proton PBS.