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박일용 동명대학교 정보통신대학원 2007 국내석사
인터넷을 비롯한 광대역 멀티미디어 수요가 폭발적으로 증가함에 따라 가입자망의 고도화 통신 산업에서 가장 큰 관심거리가 되고 있다. 가입자망 고도화는 FTTH(Fiber To The Home) 구축을 궁극적인 목표로 설정하고 있고, 현재는 FTTH 구축을 위한 기간 동안 네트워크 장비의 수요와 공급차이를 극복시켜 줄 대체 기술들이 주목을 받고 있다. 이더넷 기반의 수동 광 네트워크 기술은 이러한 병목현상을 해결하는 것을 목표로 하고 있으며, 낮은 비용의 이더넷 장비와 광 기반구조를 채택하여 차세대 광대역 액세스 네트워크의 유망한 해결책으로 고려되고 있다. E-PON의 가장 큰 특징은 다수의 사용자가 하나의 공유된 광 매체를 통해 정보를 전송하는 점대다중점 구조이다. 이더넷 폰의 모든 사용자가 공정한 매체 접근 권한을 가지고 경쟁 없이 전송을 하기 위해서는 매체 접근 제어 기술이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 QoS(Quality of Service)를 향상시키기 위하여 트래픽에 우선순위를 부여하고 상향 트래픽의 동적 대역 할당 방안을 다룬다. 기존의 제안된 방법들을 살펴보고 실시간 트래픽의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 새로운 방안을 제안한다. 2단계 버퍼 구조를 갖는 인터리브 폴링 방안의 지연 성능 및 손실률을 얻을 수 있다. According as the demand of broadband multimedia traffic including internet traffic was increased rapidly, the advance of access network is getting into the biggest interest in communications industry. E-PON(Ethernet based Passive Optical Network) that using low-cost Ethernet switch and fiber is considered by promising solution of next generation broadband access network and it also viewed by an attractive solution to the bottleneck where occurs between the backbone network and the local area network. The major characteristic of the E-PON is a point-to-multipoint optical network that many users transmit their data through single shared medium. In this paper, we analyze the interleave polling algorithm on basis of queueing theories. We prove performance improvement of the method proposed with limited interleave polling algorithm with simulatios. That is, we analyze packet delay and loss of traffic in the improved DBA scheme of an EPON.
램프 온도 추적 기반의 NDIR형 Capnography
In most hospitals, capnograph systems have been widely used for surgeons and anesthetists to monitor the variation of CO_(2) gas concentration in the patient's exhaled gas and get useful information to determine patients' status and various diseases of human respiratory organ, or to detect a failure of ventilation systems. In majority of conventional capnograph systems based on the non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) absorption method, the tungsten filament lamps have been used as IR sources and they are required to have a stable IR emission for the accurate measurement of CO_(2) concentration. However, the variation of lamp driving current causes the distortion of sensor output due to the unstable radiant intensity of the lamp. And the IR radiation intensity of the lamp, as activating the lamp for a long time, is changed and causes the unwanted variation of sensor output due to the lamp degradation. As a typical way of compensating the variation of IR radiation intensity, calculating the ratio of the sensor output reduced by CO_(2) gas to the reference sensor output with no reduction by CO_(2) gas is used. To get the reference sensor output signal, the several methods using optical filters on mechanical chopper wheel, dual channel sensors, or auxiliary lamps have been utilized. But the methods increase the complexity of a chamber structure and can cause the sensor output errors by the different degree of contamination among the multiple optical filters or lamps. In this paper, we propose a NDIR type capnography based on lamp temperature tracking for acquiring reference signal without any reference optical filter or auxiliary lamp. Temperature tracking of our proposed NDIR type capnography makes use of the characteristics between resistance and temperature of tungsten filament lamp. As the temperature of tungsten filament is increased by the supplied electrical power, the resistance of filament is also increased. By using the relationship, the temperature of lamp can be calculated by measuring the resistance of a filament. And the radiation intensity of 4.26 ㎛ wavelength can be calculated according to the Planck's radiation law using the computed lamp temperature. After the relationship between the computed radiation intensity and the sensor output signal is obtained for N_(2) gas or CO_(2) free gas in advance, the reference output signal can be generated by the relationship and the radiation intensity calculated from the lamp resistance. Finally, the ratio of measured sensor output signal to the generated reference output signal represents the compensated sensor output signal without the distortion due to the fluctuation of radiation intensity. The proposed method has the advantage of creating the reference output signal from the simple structure of chamber composed of one lamp and one sensor without a reference optical filter or an auxiliary lamp. Since the created reference signal is not affected by any other gases including CO_(2) gas, the reference signal is the function of only radiation intensity. Also, the aging process of a lamp can be detected by observing the resistance at operating points of lamp driving current. To verify the proposed method, NDIR type optical chamber and CO_(2) measuring circuit based on lamp temperature tracking have been implemented. The experiment for compensating the variation of lamp radiation intensity has been performed by changing a lamp driving current on purpose. When the measured sensor output for 5% CO_(2) concentration shows the error of 12.5% by the alternation of a lamp driving current, the ratio of the sensor output to the reference signal created by the proposed method shows the error of 2.1%. Hence, it is verified that the proposed NDIR type capnography on the basis of the lamp temperature tracking method is possible to measure CO_(2) gas concentration precisely with compensating the variation of a lamp radiation intensity and detecting a lamp aging without a mechanical rotating wheel, a dual channel sensor, or auxiliary lamps.
본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 2009년 대한 유도회에 등록된 전국에 위치한 남자 고등학교 유도선수를 모집단으로 선정한 다음 유층 집락 무선 표집법(stratified cluster random sampling method)을 이용하여 최종적으로 262명 을 추출 분석하였다. 수집된 자료 중 신뢰성 확보가 어렵다고 판단되는 자료를 제외하고 분석 가능한 자료를 통계프로그램 SPSS 12.0 프로그램을 활용하여 자료 분석을 실시하였고, 본 연구의 사용한 자료 분석 기법은 t-test, 일원변량분석(One-Way ANOVA), scheffe's 사후검증, 상관분석, 회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 이상의 연구방법 및 자료 분석결과를 토대로 하여 본 연구에서 얻어진 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 남자 고등학교 유도선수의 학년에 따른 지도자의 행동유형결과 2학년보다 1, 3학년이 훈련과 지시형, 권위형, 사회관계 중시형이 높게 검증되었으며, 학년이 높을수록 민주형의 지도유형이 높게 검증되었다. 둘째, 남자 고등학교 유도선수의 체급에 따른 지도자의 행동유형결과 체급이 높을수록 훈련과 지시형, 권위형, 사회관계 중시형, 긍정적인 보상형의 지도유형이 높게 검증되었다. 셋째, 남자 고등학교 유도선수의 경력에 따른 지도자의 행동유형결과 경력이 높을수록 권위형, 사회관계 중시형, 긍정적인 보상형의 지도유형이 높게 검증되었다. 넷째, 남자 고등학교 유도선수의 입상유무 따른 지도자의 행동유형결과 입상을 하는 선수가 입상을 하지 않는 선수보다 훈련과 지시형, 민주형, 권위형, 긍정적 보상형이 높게 검증되었다. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, we selected Judo players in nationwide male high schools which registered to Korea Judo Association as population, and then finally analyzed 262 players using stratified cluster random sampling method. Of collected data, excluding the data considered as securing reliability is difficult, we implemented the analysis to analyzable data using statistical program, SPSS 12.0. Data analysis techniques which we used in this study were t-test, One-Way ANOVA, scheffe's post-test, correlation analysis, and regression analysis, and the results of this study based on above researching methods and data analysis result are as followings: First, in the result of instructor's behavior type according to the grade of male judo player in high school, training, command, authoritarian, and social relationship emphasizing type instruction are tested as high in first & third grade than second grade, and the higher in grade, the higher in tested democratic instruction type. Second, in the result of instructor's behavior type according to the body weight of male judo player in high school, as body weight is heavier, training, command, authoritarian, social relationship emphasizing, and positive compensation type instruction are tested as high. Third, in the result of instructor's behavior type according to the career of male judo player in high school, authoritarian, social relationship emphasing, and positive compensation type instruction are tested as high. Fourth, in the result of instructor's behavior type according to the awarded career of male judo player in high school, training, command, democratic, authoritarian, and positive compensation type instruction are tested as higher in awarded player than in not awarded player.