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박은석 ( Eun Sok Park ) 서강대학교 언어정보연구소 2014 언어와 정보 사회 Vol.21 No.-
This paper analyzes Modern Mandarin Chinese causative sentence with transitivity. This paper agree with the view, which is transitivity is not just limited to verbs, but associated with the clause. And also agree with the other view, transitivity can have degrees. In Modern Mandarin Chinese, causative is one of the most representative transitivise mechanism. This paper mostly analyzes the causative sentences made from causativising adjective sentences and intransitive sentences. The elements influencing transitivity of Modern Mandarin Chinese causative sentences are implicativity, agency, affectedness, the properties of predicate, and the types of meaning. In causative sentences, if cause event implies effect event, the causative sentence assures the result. So transitivity of the causative sentence is stronger than the causative sentence which does not assure the result. The elements influencing agency of Modern Mandarin Chinese causative Sentence are animacy, volition, control, responsibility, and directness of causative relation. If the animacy, volition, control, responsibility, and directness of causative relation of the causative sentence have higher degrees, the transitivity of the causative sentence becomes stronger. In Modern Mandarin Chinese causatives, affectedness of causee can differ depending on the causee``s animacy and causee``s control of effect event. If the causee``s control of effect event is stronger, the affectedness of causee becomes weaker, as the result, the transitivity of the sentence is weaker. The transitivity of the causative sentence having the predicate expresses concrete, dynamic, perceptional, perfect and external action is stronger than the transitivity of the causative sentence having the predicate expresses internal, psychological action. And the transitivity is differ depending on the types of meaning of Modern Mandarin Chinese causative sentences. The transitivity of the ‘direct action’ meaning causative sentence is the strongest. The transitivity of the ‘cause’ meaning causative sentence is weaker than ‘direct action’ meaning causative sentence because of weak agency. The transitivity of the ‘order’ meaning causative sentence is weaker than ‘cause’ meaning causative sentence because of weak affectedness. The transitivity of the ‘permission’ meaning causative sentence is weaker than ‘order’ meaning causative sentence because of weak agency and weak affectedness. The transitivity of the ‘leaving with intention’ meaning causative sentence is weaker than ‘permission’ meaning causative sentence because of weak agency and weak affectedness. The transitivity of the ‘leaving without intention’ meaning causative sentence is weaker than ‘leaving with intention’ meaning causative sentence because of weak agency.
박은석 ( Park¸ Eun Sok ) 한국중국학회 2021 중국학보 Vol.97 No.-
본 논문은 현대 중국어 ‘又’가 가지고 있는 화용적인 기능 즉, 어기 강화 기능과 담화 기능에 대하여 살펴보았다. 서술구 앞에 출현하는 ‘又’가 명제 의미를 표현하지 않고 ‘주제 승계 질문 강화’, ‘반문 강화’, ‘상반 강화’, ‘적절성조건 의미 부정 강화’ 등의 어기 강화 역할을 수행하는 경우가 있음을 밝히고 이러한 경우의 ‘又’는 어기 강화사로 볼 수 있다고 보았다. 그리고 현대 중국어에서 문미에 출현하는 ‘又’가 담화표지로서의 특성을 가지고 있음을 발견하고 문미 ‘又’의 담화표지적 기능이 ‘선행 발화 내용 강조’임을 밝혔다. 또한 더 나아가서 진술문에 출현하는 문미 ‘又’와 의문문에 출현하는 문미 ‘又’ 사이의 공통점과 차이점, ‘又’가 문미에 단독 출현한 환경에서의 문미 ‘又’와 ‘又’가 서술구 앞과 문미에 중복 출현한 환경에서의 문미 ‘又’의 공통점과 차이점에 대해서도 고찰하였다. This paper examines the pragmatic functions of modern Chinese ‘YOU’, namely, the intensifying function and the discourse function. In some cases, ‘YOU’, which appears before a predicate phrase, does not express the meaning of the proposition, but plays a role of intensifying modal meaning such as ‘reinforcement of topic succession question’, ‘reinforcement of rhetorical question’, ‘reinforcement of contradiction’, ‘reinforcement of negation of relevance condition’. And ‘YOU’ in this case can be regarded as a intensifier. Also, it was found that ‘YOU’, which appears in the sentence ending in modern Chinese, has the characteristic as a discourse marker, and it was revealed that the discourse marker function of the sentence ending ‘YOU’ is ‘emphasis on the contents of the preceding utterance’. Furthermore, the similarities and differences between the sentence ending ‘YOU’ appearing in the statement and the sentence ending ‘YOU’ appearing in the interrogative sentence were examined. And the similarities and differences between the sentence ending ‘YOU’ in the environment where the ‘YOU’ appeared alone in the sentence and the sentence ending ‘YOU’ in the environment where the ‘YOU’ is duplicated in the sentence were also examined.
대학운동부 학부모들이 지각하는 지도자 이미지와 지도자 신뢰, 지도자 만족, 관계품질 개선에 관한 실증연구
박은석(Eun-Seok Park),유한나(Han-Na Yu) 한국발육발달학회 2018 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.26 No.4
This paper analyzed the relationship among leadership image, leader trust, leader satisfaction, and related quality recognized by the parents of university sports team and attained the conclusion as follows. First, the factors including qualification and speciality as leader image had a significant effect on perception trust and behavior trust as leader trust, and the factor of attitude including leader image had a significant effect on behavior trust as leader trust. Second, the factors including attitude, qualification, and speciality as leader image had a significant effect on leader satisfaction as leader satisfaction. Third, the factors including qualification and speciality as leader image had a significant effect on relationship satisfaction and relationship trust as relationship quality, and the factors including attitude and speciality as leader image had a significant effect on relationship absorption as relationship quality.
박은석 ( Eun Seok Park ),정동진 ( Dong Jin Chung ),박홍수 ( Hong Soo Park ),함현식 ( Hyun Sik Hahm ) 한국유화학회 2003 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.20 No.2
N/A To prepare alkaline degreasing agents(SADAs), tetrasodium pyrophosphate(TSPP), Na_2CO_3, Tetronix T-701 (T-701), Na-dioctyl sulfosuccinate(303C), Demol C, and MJU-100A were blended. The prepared degreasing agents were tested with steel specimens and the results were as follows. The degreasing powers of SADA-6(Na_2C0_3 50g/TSPP 25g/T-701 10g/303C 15g/Demol C 12g/MJU-100A 8g/water 130g mixture) for press-rust preventing oil were 98% and 99% degreasing at 4wt%, 70℃ and 90℃, respectively; for quenching oil, the degreasing power of SADA-6 was 92% degreasing at 4wt% and 70℃. From these results, it was proved that the SADA-6 exhibits a good degreasing power. Foam heights measured immediately after foaming by Ross & Miles method and Ross & Clark method at 6wt% and 60℃ were 16mm and 40mm, respectively. SADA-6 was proved a good low foaming degreasing agent.
배드민턴 운동 참여기간이 체력,심폐기능,신체구성 및 혈중지질에 미치는 영향
박은석(Eun Suk Park),김영표(Young Pyo Kim) 한국사회체육학회 2007 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.31
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise period of badminton on physical fitness, cardiorepiratory function, body composition, blood lipids. The subjects for this study were composed of twenty-four middle-aged men. The subjects were classified to three groups; unskilled group(UG, n=8), skilled group(SG, n=8) about exercise level of badminton, a control group(CG, n=8). For the physical fitness(grip strength, back strength, power, muscular endurance, flexibility), the cardiopulmonary function(VO2max, VO2max/kg, VE, AT), body composition(percent body fat, WHR, lean body mass), and blood lipids(TC, LDL-C, TG, HDL-C) were measured of exercise level of badminton. The results of this study are as follow; 1. Back strength, flexibility were not significant differences among groups. Grip strength showed significantly high in SG compared to CG. Muscular endurance showed significantly high in SG compared to CG. And power showed significantly high in SG compared to CG. 2. VO2max showed significant increase in SG compared to CG. VO2max/kg, VE showed significant increase in SG, UG compared to CG. And AT showed increased significantly in SG compared to UG, CG. 3. No significant differences were observed in WHR, lean body mass among groups. However, percent body fat showed significantly lower in SG than CG. 4. No significant differences were observed in TC, LDL-C, TG among groups. However, HDL-C showed significantly higher in SG than CG. In conclusion, the results of this study observed that a level exercise of badminton was very effective in grip strength, muscular endurance, power, VO2max, VO2max/kg, VE, AT, percent body fat and HDL-C in middle-aged men.
박은석(Park, Eunseok),이재문(Lee, Jaemoon),한종우(Han, Jongwoo),민세홍(Min, Sehong) 한국방재학회 2018 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.18 No.5
경제 발전과 함께 도시로의 인구 밀집이 증가하면서 다목적 기능의 복합건축물, 공동주택, 다중이용업소가 증가하는 추세이다. 공동주택 및 다중이용업소의 경우, 다수의 재실자가 있어 구조대, 완강기, 다수인피난장치, 승강식피난기 등 기존 피난기구를 활용하여 피난하기에 어려움이 있고 많은 안전사고가 발생하고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 다수의 피난인원이 연속적인 피난을 할 수 있는 발코니 피난기구를 적용하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 한국건설기술연구원의 현장실험과 피난시뮬레이션 과정 중 발코니 피난기구의 전개시간 및 계단, 사다리에서의 피난 속도를 비교 분석하여 인자값을 확보하고 설정된 시나리오를 피난시뮬레이션에 적용하여 피난기구의 적응성을 확인하고자 한다. 또한, 이것을 통해 다수인의 양방향 피난의 문제점을 내포하고 있는 공동주택, 다중이용업소, 복합건축물에 대한 대책 마련을 할 수 있다고 판단된다. Due to an increase in economic development, populations have concentrated around cities, and complex buildings, apartments, and multi-use premises with multiple functions have increased in number. As many more people now live in apartments and multi-use premises, it is more difficult to evacuate these buildings using existing evacuation methods such as rescue crews, descending lifelines, multiple people evacuation devices, and elevation type evacuators. Subsequently, many more safety accidents are occurring. In order to solve this problem, a balcony evacuation device enabling successive evacuation has been developed. This paper examines the adaptability of the evacuation device by developing factor values through a comparative analysis of the deployment time of the balcony evacuation device and the evacuation speed of steps and ladders during KICT s site experiment and an evacuation simulation, and by applying the evacuation simulation to previously set scenarios. Furthermore, it is possible to apply this measurement to apartments, multi-use premises, and complex buildings that are faced with the problem of bidirectional simultaneous evacuation of many people.