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박은석(번역자),이화진(번역자) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2009 亞細亞硏究 Vol.52 No.2
There certainly exist some positive views toward political developments of Taiwan who has taken the path of gradual democratization after the authoritarian rule of National Party, but this transition requires a more in-depth examination. Post-war politics of Taiwan has shifted from authoritarianism toward post-authoritarianism, and authoritarian era can be divided into three stages; classical authoritarianism under Jiang Jieshi based on pro-US and anti-communist ideology; reformative authoritarianism under Jiang Jingguo which absorbed liberal views; popular authoritarianism led by Li Denghui. Contemporary Taiwan, who can be rightly described to be in post-authoritarian era, is currently witnessing the situation in which unmoderated power struggle between the National Party and the Democratic Progressive Party is taking place in the form of ‘election’. The symbiotic relation between the two Parties is being concealed by severe political struggles, and this cover-up led to degradation of politics into a private politics deprived of publicity. Elections in Taiwanese society no more function as a locus for discussion and choice of public agenda, but as an instrument for mobilizing and disintegrating the people employing the regional identity rivalry. These circumstances prove that post-authoritarian politics is yet no more than another authoritarianism hiding its essence. In order to surmount these problems, two tasks need to be conducted; first, it needs to be indicated that the politics of regional identity and the problem of ‘unification-or-independence’ are fictitious; second, discussion on public politics instead of private politics, equal endorsement of diverse identities and distributive justice and welfare system should be substantialized.
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郭銳(원저),朴恩石(번역자) 중국어문논역학회 2020 中國語文論譯叢刊 Vol.0 No.46
현대중국어 용언성 성분의 시간참조에는 두 가지 종류가 있다. (1) 내부참조: 문장중에서 후속동작이 발생한 시간을 참조로 삼는 것이다. (2) 외부참조: 외부세계의 자연시간 과정 중의 어느 한 시각을 참조로 삼는 것이다. 외부참조는 문장이 나타내는 상황이 현실 세계 안에서 위치를 고정할 수 있도록 한다. 반면 내부참조는 문장 내부의 여러 상황 간의 시간 관계를 나타내주기만 할 뿐 현실세계의 시간과는 무관하다. 시간 참조의 각도에서 ‘了, 着, 過’의 의미 기능을 설명할 수 있다. ‘了₁’, ‘着’, ‘過₁’를 대동한 VP가 문장을 종결할 수 없는 것은 외부참조를 결여하고 있기 때문이다. ‘了₁’, ‘着’, ‘過₁’를 대동한 VP가 문장을 종결하려면 시간참조를 제공할 수 있는 성분, 예를들면 후속 VP, 수량구, 혹은 외부시간참조를 부가하는 ‘了₂’, ‘呢’ 등이 반드시 부가되어야 한다. 현대중국어 소설의 서술문 중에는 ‘了₁’으로 문장을 종결하는 경우가 있는데, 이러한 용법은 ‘了₁’이 과거시제표지로 변해가고 있음을 나타내는 것이다. Guo rui said “Predicative constituents in modern Chinese carry two types of time references. One is internal time reference which is the followed event of the main event in a sentence. The other is external time reference which is a certain point on the natural time axel of the world. External time reference locates the event a sentence expresses in the realistic world, while the internal time reference shows the temporal relations of several events in a sentence. It has no connection with the timing of the realistic world. The semantic function of le, zhe and ɡuo can be explained from the perspective of time reference. The reason that sentences with VPs carrying le₁, zhe and ɡuo₁ are not accepted as full sentences is the absence of external time reference. Only constituents indicating time reference such as followed VPs, numeral phrases, le₂ or ne are added that these sentences are taken as full sentences. Narrative sentences with le₁ in modern Chinese novels are founded as full sentences. This kind of usage of le₁ infers that it is in the process of developing into a past tense marker.”
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郭銳原(Rui Guo),朴恩石(번역자) 중국어문논역학회 2014 中國語文論譯叢刊 Vol.0 No.35
Guo Rui said “there has been differing opinions in terms of the grammatical nature of Chinese adjectives”. He said “the goal of this paper is to identify property words as modificative or predicative from a typological perspective”. He said “property words of 72 languages in the world are investigated according to the criteria of being marked or unmarked when functioning as attribute or predicate, and five types of grammatical nature of property words are differentiated”. He said “Chinese property words belong to the fourth type”. He said “namely Chinese property words can be classified into three types: a. predicative, b. modificative, c. both modificative and predicative”. He said “the best solution in the light of Chinese property words is to classify a. and c. as adjective, and classify c. as attributive”. He said “on the bases of the above analysis, the idea of correspondence between semantic categories and prototypes of parts of speech is suggested from the binary divergence of substance and property”. He said “the strength of degree and constancy is the main factor of coding constant property words as predicate or modifier, and the difference between languages mainly manifests in the processing of constant property words”.
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