어혈의 자가진단을 통한 암환자의 어혈증상에 관한 연구

박시진 조선대학교 2007 국내석사

We are stimulated with innumerable cancerogenic substance in modern life style. The human has been immunized from life environment with no movement, high protein high fat foods, and overflowing of pollutant from atmospheric, ground, water contamination. It is that the blood that is most important in human metabolic has contaminated. In Oriental medicine, contaminated blood, that lose their physiological ability called extravasated blood. Extravasated blood that is lost physiological ability don't circulate normally, stagnate somewhere in human body and interrupt circulation of blood and promote another disease. The other words, extravasated blood is disease itself and it cause another various illness. If the blood get sick and extravasated blood stagnate in vessel, we will get disease that include from the common cold to the cancer. Ultimately, the cancer can be a problem of the 'blood'. In this investigation, a cancer patients and contrast-set diagnoise themselves their symptoms of extravasated blood by answering the questionaire. Analysing this research material, The present study were examined that extravasated blood and cancer had interrelationship by comparing cancer patients with contrast-set show exsymptoms of travasted blood or not, and revelation frequency of extravasated blood symptoms. I want to know that removal extravasated blood is the way to recover and ease of cancer. The results were as follows; 1. Comparing the symptoms of extravasated blood the cancer patients with contrast-group, the ratio of the cancer patients who had symptoms of extravasated blood was higher than contrast-group in almost question. And the question about revelation frequency of extravasated blood, the ratio of cancer patients is higher than contrast-group as the frequency goes higher; it hardly does, it often does, it always does. It means that the cancer patients of symptoms were more intense than contrast-group. 2. In the case of cancer patients, the revelation frequency of extravasated blood is frequent gradually as the process of cancer is higher. It means that cancer related with extravasated blood, removing the extravsated blood and trying to clean the blood, It contribute to ease the cancer. And it give support that many literature says that the symptoms of extravasated blood and cancer is similar. For examination the phenomenon that the symptoms of extravasated blood decrease in second period, and the symptoms increase in third period, I think we need the research make equal the ratio of population as the cancer process. 3. In the case of the catamenia of female in connection with the symptoms of extravasated blood has not big gap with cancer patients and contrast-group. But the cancer patients who has symptoms are more intense than contrast-group. Synthenizing stated above analysing conclusion, extravasated blood reveal more frequency to cancer patients, and we can know that extravasated blood going together as progress of cancer. It means extravasated blood has the relevant with cancer, and I confirmed that is the way to get rid of extravasated blood interacts to ease and recover the cancer.

마리아 상(象)에 대한 신학적 연구

박시진 호서대학교 연합신학전문대학원 2008 국내석사

This study aims to examine biblical, historical, and theological meanings of Maria, mother of Jesus Christ. This study may be regarded as an attempt to evaluate theological influences of the biblical teaching on Maria to the church from early churches to modern churches considering the environment of the times, and to re-establish the position of Maria in the modern church. The important reasons to contemplate Maria are as follows: The first is to criticize the concept of Ave Maria that can be seenin the Catholic tradition, and the second is to evaluate the real meanings of the image of Maria that give effects to the restoration of the faminity from the traditional, male-centered view of God, and the third is to restore the real meaning of the family in the Bible. To achieve the goals, I illuminated the image of Maria exposed in the Bible, and approached this issue from the viewpoint of historical theology. This method will identify the range of variation among the images of Maria interpreted again by the Bible and the environments of the times. Lastly, I examined the theological meaning of the image of Maria, and attempted to understand the image in the modern church. The Catholic has tried to inculcate the reverence and affection for Mariaas the inheritance of faith that has been taught in the tradition for a long time. They also insist that various ways to reverence Maria will strengthen the faith on Jesus Christ, not degrading or impairing him. But these ways and intentions should be examined thoroughly whether they are proper in the viewpoint of the teachings of Jesus Christ in the Bible and the apostolic proven tradition in the church. The Protestant has emphasized the importance of the redemption through Jesus Christ and one and only God's grace since the Reformation. In the viewpoint of the Protestant, the concept of sanctification is very important. But seriously, the inordinate insistence and research on the concept have gone to the level of suggesting the antinominalism. The enthusiasm of the faith seemed to be disconnected from the real life. Furthermore, the faminity of the whole society was weakened due to the influence of the patriarchal system, which is criticized as the serious violation of human rights even in the church. Considering such circumstances, I think that the study on the image of Maria is very important. If we investigate the image of Maria revealed in the Bible, we can see the images of Maria, including the symbol of universal blessings to achieve our deliverance, the model of motherly tenderness and delicacy, and the symbol of faith as one of pioneering members of the early church and one of Jesus' disciples. In addition, the images of Maria provide clues to understand extended meanings of the family suggested by Jesus Christ. To approach the essence of the image of Maria, it is required to study, and give efforts to understand, the biblical grounds of it, political intentions, and the effects of alien religious groups. Recently, the Catholic and the Protestant perform actively theological, biblical, and doctrinal investigations on the image of Maria, and we can see even progressive and fresh attempts to narrow the gap between both groups. These attempts are expected to establish the wholesome position of Maria in the church and to provide the footings for the communication between the Catholic and the Protestant.

그래핀 기반의 고성능 광전자 소자를 위한 그래핀 표면의 일함수 제어 및 플라즈몬 효과 제어

박시진 경희대학교 2014 국내석사

We have controlled the graphene surface in two ways to improve the device performance of optoelectronics based on graphene transparent conductive films. We controlled multilayer graphene (MLG) work function and localized surface plasmon resonance wavelength using a silver nanoparticles formed on graphene surface. Graphene substrates were prepared using a chemical vapor deposition and transfer process. Various size of silver nanoparticles were prepared using a thermal evaporator and post annealing process on graphene surface. Silver nanoparticles were confirmed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Work functions of graphene surface with various sizes of Ag nanoparticles were measured using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS). The result shows that the work functions of MLG could be controlled from 4.39 eV to 4.55 eV by coating different amounts of silver nanoparticles while minimal changes in the sheet resistance and transmittance. Also the Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) wavelength was investigated according to various sizes of silver nanoparticles. LSPR wavelength was measured using the absorbance spectrum, and we confirmed that the resonance wavelength could be controlled from 396nm to 425nm according to the size of silver nanoparticles on graphene surface. To confirm improvement of the device performance, we fabricated the organic solar cell based on MLG electrode. The results show that the work function and plasmon resonance wavelength could be controlled to improve the performance of optoelectronics device. 본 연구에서는 유연하면서도 투명하고 전기적, 기계적 등의 성질이 뛰어난 그래핀 기반의 광전자 소자의 성능 향상 방법에 대한 기초 연구를 진행하였다. 연구는 2가지 방안에 대해 이루어졌으며 첫 번째로 그래핀의 일함수를 제어하는 연구를 진행하였으며, 두 번째로 그래핀 은 나노입자 하이브리드 박막을 제작하여 플라즈몬 현상에 대한 기초 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에 사용 된 그래핀은 CVD method와 transfer process를 이용하여 기판에 전사하여 제작하였으며, 그래핀 표면에 은 나노 입자를 thermal evaporator를 이용하여 증착시켜 주어서 일함수 변화 및 플라즈몬 현상을 관찰하였다. 첫 번째로 일함수 제어 연구는 은 나노 입자를 MLG에 증착시켜 주어 MLG의 광학적, 전기적 특성의 변화가 거의 변하지 않는 범위 내에서 MLG의 일함수를 UPS를 통하여 측정하였으며, 측정 결과 MLG의 일함수를 4.39eV에서 4.55eV까지의 변화를 관찰하였다. 두 번째로 그래핀 표면에 다양한 크기의 은 나노 입자를 증착시켜 주어서 플라즈몬 공명 현상이 일어나는 특정 파장 영역을 측정 하였으며, 증착 및 열처리를 진행하여 다양한 기판을 제작하여 absorbance spectrum을 이용하여 플라즈몬 현상을 관찰 하였다. 그래핀과 은나노 입자의 플라즈몬 공명 현상이 일어나는 파장 영역을 396nm에서 425nm까지 은 나노 입자의 크기에 따라 변화 시킬 수 있는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 그리고 유기 태양 전지를 제작하여 이러한 일함수 변화와 플라즈몬 공명 현상이 그래핀 기반의 광전자 소자의 성능 향상에 도움이 되었음을 확인하였다.

Bayesian CRM 기반 MTD 추정법의 정확성 및 안전성에 대한 모의실험 비교 연구

박시진 고려대학교 정책대학원 2021 국내석사

1상 임상시험은 사람을 대상으로 처음 실시하고, 약의 효과를 확인하는 2상 임상시험에서 사용될 약의 용량을 정하는 단계이기 때문에 매우 중요하다. 1상 임상시험에서 가장 큰 관심사인 최대허용용량(maximum tolerated dose; MTD)은 사람에게 허용된 독성 수준에서 최대의 효과를 낼 수 있는 용량이다. 본 논문에서는 MTD를 추정하기 위한 여러 가지 방법 중 멈춤 규칙에 의한 SM3 방법과 용량-독성 모형에 근거한 CRM 방법, 다양한 독성 확률 시나리오를 고려한 Bayesian Model CRM (BMA-CRM 및 BMS-CRM) 방법을 이용해서 각 방법의 안전성과 정확성을 비교하기 위해 모의실험을 진행하였다. 또한, BMA-CRM을 적용했을 때 사전에 고려되는 독성 시나리오의 개수에 따라 MTD 추정에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 비교하여 기존 논문과의 차별을 두었다. 결론적으로, 안전성 관점에서 BMA-CRM 방법이 다른 MTD 추정 방법보다 실제 MTD를 가장 잘 추정하는 것으로 나타났고, 독성 시나리오의 개수가 많을수록 더 높은 MTD 추정 비율을 보이는 것을 알 수 있었다. 지금까지 MTD를 추정하기 위한 많은 방법이 소개되었으나 아직까지도 어떤 방법이 가장 적절하다는 결론을 내리지 못하고 있고 이는 앞으로 해결해야할 숙제로 남아있다. Phase I Clinical trial is quite important because it implements to person for the first time and is a step to determine the dose of investigation product to be used in phase II clinical trial that verify effectiveness of the drug. Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) is the biggest interest in phase I clinical trial and it is dosage that has maximum effect on person’s endured toxicity level. In this paper, simulations were conducted to compare the safety and accuracy using several methods for estimating MTD such as SM3 method based on stopping rules, CRM based on dose-toxicity model and Bayesian Model CRM (BMA-CRM and BMS-CRM) considered various toxicity probability scenarios. In additional, we put a distinction with existing papers to compare how BMA-CRM has an effect on estimating MTD according to the number of toxicity scenarios. In conclusion, from a safety perspective, the BMA-CRM was shown to have the best estimate of the actual MTD than other methods and the more the number of toxicity scenarios, the higher ratio of estimating true MTD. Many methods for estimating MTD have been introduced until now but still no one have been able to conclude that any method is the most appropriate, so this remain a task to be addressed in the future.

Adequacy evaluation of urban park provision considering accessibility and amenity by age and gender cohorts

박시진 한양대학교 대학원 2022 국내석사

Colorimetric cerium oxide nanoparticles for monitoring glucose levels in tears

박시진 한양대학교 대학원 2020 국내박사

Diabetes is a serious chronic disease and its incidence continues to rise. The growing incidence of diabetes is related to dietary changes and rising life expectancy. Diabetes can cause to complications such as stroke, nephropathy and neuropathy. To prevent and minimize the severe complications, patients need to check blood glucose levels. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) allows patients to manage their blood glucose level and to determine when insulin should be injected. Diabetic patients should check blood glucose levels several times a day. The most comm way to do SMBG is the finger pricking. Therefore, it has the disadvantage of causing pain and the possibility of blood-borne infections. For these reasons, diabetic patients are reluctant to measure blood glucose levels with the finger prick test. To overcome shortcomings of the invasive finger prick methods, noninvasive methods have been studied using various techniques such as ultrasound, reverse iontophoresis, bioimpedance spectroscopy and laser microporation. These methods analyze glucose levels in saliva, urine, sweat, tear etc. However, there are other difficulties such as skin irritation, calibration challenges and inaccuracy. Noninvasive methods using sweat or saliva have large in error and difficult to accurately measure glucose levels. Urine also has some drawbacks, such as potential toxicity and the possibility of interference with other substances, making it difficult to measure glucose in urine. To overcome these limitations, I measured the glucose concentration in tears. This is based on previous studies on the relationship between glucose levels in tears and blood glucose. To measure tear glucose level, tears must be collected. However, the method of capturing tears in previous studies can cause pain and discomfort in the patient’s eyes, so experienced medical staff should collect tears with glass capillaries in the clinical environment. Therefore, herein, I presented two patient-friendly methods to collect tears and strategy for analyzing glucose in the collected tears as following: (1) Contact lens-type sensor for monitoring tear glucose level. (2) Strip-type sensor for monitoring tear glucose level. In these studies, I developed nanoparticles that change color in response to glucose. Strip-type biosensors usually use color reaction-based platforms, but, contact lens-type sensors measure the fluoresce from fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) or the electrical signal through cyclic voltammetry. One disadvantage of these methods is the need for equipment for measurement. Especially fluorescence-based methods can cause eye damage from light. In addition, there is a risk of eye damage due to heat generated from circuits and antennas in case of ‘smart contact lens’ using a potentiometric or amperometric technology. In this research, therefore, I used cerium oxide nanoparticle (CNP) to develop a colorimetric glucose sensor because of their special colorimetric properties in a redox state. CNPs exist in both states Ce3+ and Ce4+. Ce3+ is colorless state, but when it reacts with hydrogen peroxide, it is oxidized to a yellow color Ce4+. To detect glucose, CNP and glucose oxidase (GOX) were linked together by PEG. The GOX of CNP-PEG-GOX oxidized glucose hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and gluconolactone. The resulting H2O2 changed the color of the CNP to yellow. The algorithm-based color analysis was used to measure the colorimetric response of CNP-PEG-GOX. The self-diagnosis platforms were developed by constructing optimal algorithms to minimized noise based on the design of the tear collecting methods.