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소고기의 유통 단계별 병원성 미생물 오염도에 관한 연구
박성도 ( Seong Do Park ),김용환 ( Yong Hwan Kim ),고바라다 ( Ba Ra Da Koh ),김철희 ( Cheol Hee Kim ),윤병철 ( Byeong Cheol Yoon ),김조균 ( Cho Kyun Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 2002 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.25 No.2
Contamination levels of pathogenic microorganisms in 145 cases of beef, which were distributed in Gwangju province, had been investigated in each distributed stage and also monitored by general bacterial count and E coli count index. General bacterial count of beef from the slaughterhouse was 10(4) cfu/g less than the level of promotion(10(5) cfu/cm2) and E coli count index was also under the level of 10(2) cfu/cm2 recommended level of the ministry of agriculture and forestry. Pathogenic microorganisms were detected from 23.2% of samples in the consumption stage, 12.5% in the slaughtering stage and 5.6% in the transporting and processing stage. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in the largest number and its ratio was 9.0%, listeria monocytogenes 5.5% and salmonella spp 1.4%. There were no samples that bacteria had been detected dually. E coli O157:H7 and campylobacter jejuni were not isolated. In raw and chilled beef, isolation rate of pathogenic microorganisms were 13.3% and 16.5% each. Especially in raw beef, L monocytogenes was isolated in 3 samples among 30 cases (10%) and S aureus in one sample (3.3%). According to a scale of meat store, isolation rates of pathogenic microorganisms were different. It was 28.6% in the small-scale meat store and 16.7% in the large-scale meat store each. Four cases (16.7%) of S aureus were isolated in the large-scale meat store and seven cases (20.0%) of Lmonocytogenes and 2 cases (5.7%) of salmonella spp were isolated in the small-scale meat store. S aureus was isolated in two places among 10 feeding facilities of the elementary school. This result shows that the sanitation of elementary school feeding facilities is so poor and more careful policy consideration is needed. Eleven strains of S aureus isolated showed β-hemolysis on blood agar, 1 strain α-hemolysis, and 1 strain γ-hemolysis. Isolated strains of L monocytogenes were reconfirmed in 560 bp. by PCR. Conclusively, these results show that the sanitary condition in the stages of slaughtering, transportation-processing and consumption influences the degree of pathogenic microorganisms contamination in beef severely. It is necessary to apply thoroughly hazard analysis critical control point in a process of beef distribution and also to develop rapid test methods for microorganism diagnosis. This effort is very important for the supply of safe and clean meat from farm to table and helpful for the improvement of public health.
바바리양에서 발생한 Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus 감염증
고바라다,박성도,김재익,박종태,Koh, Ba-Ra-Da,Park, Seong-Do,Kim, Jae-Ik,Park, Jong-Tae 대한수의학회 2007 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.47 No.4
An eight years old female barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia), which bred at the Gwangju Uchi Park Zoo had shown anorexia, depression, respiratory problem for several weeks after parturition. In necropsy, extensive necrotizing pneumonia was found with severe immunocytes infiltration in the alveolar spaces and bronchioles. Pulmonary pleura were thickened with fibrin and inflammatory cells. Bacteria were isolated from lung and identified as Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (SEZ) by biochemical tests and PCR on sodA and gusA genes, though seel gene was not detected. Isolation of zoonotic SEZ in public place such as a zoo should be emphasized for the public health mangagement.
광주지역에서 발생한 토끼 Eimeria stiedae 감염증
배성열 ( Seong Yeol Bae ),김철희 ( Cheol Hee Kim ),고바라다 ( Ba Ra Da Koh ),박성도 ( Seong Do Park ),나호명 ( Ho Myeong Na ),김용환 ( Yong Hwan Kim ),오대영 ( Dae Yeong Oh ) 한국가축위생학회 1999 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.21 No.4
A rabbit farm reared about 500 New Zealand White in Kwangju city was occurred Eimeria stiedae infection. Morbidity and cumulative mortality were more than 39% and 14%, respectively, from May, 1997 to March, 1998. Most of cases with severe diarrhea were belong to younger than 2-month old. In necrospy, there were multifocally white nodules with about 1-5mm in diameter on the liver surface and dark greenish mucous exudate in intestinal lumen. Main microscopic lesions included marked hyperplasia of the bile duct epitheilia containing different developmental stages of Eimeria stiedae and inflammatory cell infiltration, and the degeneration of small intestinal epithelia. Many oocysts of Eimeria stiedae were detected in the intestinal contents and epithelia, the feces, the bile juice, the bile duct and the liver.
광 점퍼코드 ( OJC ) 보호용 미소 직경 복합재료 스프링 개발
윤영기(Young Ki Yoon),박성도(Seong Do Park),이연수(Yeon Soo Lee),윤희석(Hi Seak Yoon),이우일(Woo Il Lee) 한국복합재료학회 2002 Composites research Vol.15 No.4
미세 직경을 갖는 복합재료 나선형 스프링 (CS)가 광점퍼코드(OJC)를 보강하기위한 매체로써 개발되었다. 이 스프링의 외경은 약 2 ∼ 3㎜로써 광점퍼코드에 갑작스런 측면 하중으로부터 광섬유의 손실을 막기위해 삽입 보강할 수 있도록 제작되었다. 섬유 형태 (Y-type)와 밴드형태 (B-type)의 복합재료 스프링이 제작되어 그 효과를 비교하였다. 측면 하중에 대한 기계적 특성은 동일 직경의 금속 스프링 및 일반 광점퍼코드의 물성치와 비교하여 제시하였다. 실험 결과로부터 복합재료 스프링이 보강된 광점퍼코드의 경우 굽힘에 대한 높은 저항력을 지니고 있음에 따라 광섬유의 내부손상에 의한 광 손실의 감소률이 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 얻어진 주요 결과들은: ⑴ Y-type의 CS의 경우 B-type과 비교하여 높은 측압 저항력을 지님을 알 수 있었다. ⑵ 일반 OJC와 비교하여 CS-OJC의 경우 광 손실이 현격히 낮음을 알 수 있었다. ⑶ 일반 스프링의 측압 하중시의 응력 분포 형태를 제시하였으며, 실험으로부터 얻어진 결과로부터 복합재료 스프링이 보강된 광점퍼 코드의 경우 매우 높은 구조적 안정성을 보임을 알 수 있었다. Small diameter composite helical springs (CS) are developed using a hot plated mold for reinforcement of common optical fiber jumper cord (OJC). The outer diameters of the springs are about 2 ∼3㎜. These springs are inserted into the OJC to protect the damage of an optical fiber from the sudden lateral load. T재 types of CS, Yarn type (Y-Type) and Band type (B-type), are manufactured to compare the effectiveness for the damage protection. The experimental works were conducted to check the effect of the CS covered around OJC on the mechanical and optical properties. Experimental observations show a considerable effect on the flexural resistance, hence slowing down the deterioration of the optical power by the internal damage of the fiber. Obtained main results are as follows: ⑴ Y-type CS has better protection abilities to lateral loading than B-types. ⑵ Compared with bare OJC, CS-OJC has less power loss under the loading. ⑶ OJC covered with the composite coil spring has a possibility for a practical usage with full fruits.
소, 돼지, 가금육류의 신속한 동정을 위한 TaqMan<sup>ⓡ</sup> probe를 이용한 real-time PCR 개발
고바라다,김지연,나호명,박성도,김용환,Koh, Ba-Ra-Da,Kim, Ji-Yeon,Na, Ho-Myung,Park, Seong-Do,Kim, Yong-Hwan 한국동물위생학회 2012 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.35 No.3
Species-specific $TaqMan^{(R)}$ probe-based real-time PCR assays were developed for detection of beef, pork, chicken, duck, goose and turkey. The primer and probe sets used in this study were designed to be complementary to fibroblast growth factor (FGF) for cattle and pig, mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase (ND) subunit 3 and ND2 for chicken and duck, 12S rRNA for goose and turkey, respectively. As internal positive control we used conserved region in the ribosomal 18S RNA gene to ensure the accuracy of the detection of target DNA by real-time PCR. We confirmed that real-time PCR assays with the primer and probe sets were positive for cattle, pig and chicken intended target animal species with no cross-reactivity with other non-target animal species. Only >50 ng DNA of beef show cross-reactivity in the determination of duck. Using species-specific primer and probe sets, it was possible to detect amounts of 0.1 ng DNA of cattle and pig, 1.0 pg DNA of chicken, duck and turkey, and 0.1 pg DNA of goose for raw samples, respectively. The detection limits were 0.1 ng DNA of cattle, 1.0 ng DNA of pig and 1.0 pg DNA of chicken for DNA mixtures (beef, pork and chicken) extracted from heat-treated ($121^{\circ}C$/5 min) meat samples. In conclusion, it can be suggested that the $TaqMan^{(R)}$ probe-based assay developed in this study might be a rapid and specific method for the identification of meat species in raw or cooked meat products.
돼지고기 제품 내 닭고기 검출을 위한 TaqMan<sup>®</sup> real-time PCR의 적용
고바라다,김지연,나호명,박성도,김용환,Koh, Ba-Ra-Da,Kim, Ji-Yeon,Na, Ho-Myung,Park, Seong-Do,Kim, Yong-Hwan 한국동물위생학회 2013 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.36 No.3
Many consumers are increasingly concerned about the meat they eat, and accurate labelling is important due to public health, economic and legal concerns. Meat species adulteration is a common problem in the retail markets. In this study, a TaqMan$^{(R)}$ quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was applied for its ability to quantify chicken meat, which was not indicated on the label, in 79 commercial pork products (ham, sausages, bacon and ground meat) producted by 10 different manufacturers. The amplification efficiency was 82.05% and the square regression coefficient ($R^2$) was 0.995. PCR results showed that 38.6% of ham samples, 50.0% of sausages samples, and 50.0% of ground meat samples were contaminated with chicken residuals, while the bacon samples were not contaminated with chicken residuals. Only twelve pork products of one of the manufacturers were in accordance with indicated in their labels. The PCR assay reported in this work could be particularly useful in inspection programs to verify the food labelling of commercial processed meats and to gain consumers' trust.
나호명 ( Ho Myung Na ),배성열 ( Seong Yeol Bae ),이연이 ( Yeun Ey Lee ),박재성 ( Jae Sung Park ),박성도 ( Seong Do Park ),김은선 ( Eun Sun Kim ),김용환 ( Yong Hwan Kim ) 한국동물위생학회 2013 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.36 No.3
For the monitoring of six viral disease (CIV: canine influenzavirus, CPIV: canine parainfluenzavirus, CHV: canine herpesvirus, CPV2: canine parvovirus type 2, CCoV: canine coronavirus, CNV: canine norovirus) inspections, a total of 300 samples were collected nasal or feces from the companion dogs of animal hospital (n=98) and the abandoned dogs of animal shelters (n=202) in Gwangju, Korea. Using PCR and RT-PCR, CPV2, CPIV and CHV were detected in 55 (18.3%), 11 (3.7%), 1 (0.3%), respectively. CPV2 was highly detected in May, October and November. and CPIV was highly detected in November. But those agents were not detected the virus in March and July. Based on the results of the investigation continuous monitoring for companion and abandoned dogs will be required.