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박상석,박태선,송현모,백홍선,이대열 대한내분비학회 1996 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.11 No.1
Backgrounds: Thyroid hormones play a fundamental role in the initiation and maintenance of somatic growth in mammalian species, and the insulin-like growth factors(IGFs) occupy a position of central importance in the growth of all tissues. To evaluate the changes in serum insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in hyperthyroid and hypothyroid patients, sera was obtained from 19 hyperthyroid patients, 9 hypothyroid patients, and 10 healthy volunteers. Methods: IGF-I concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay, and changes in IGFBPs were assesed by Western Ligand Blotting. To evaluate the binding pattern of IGF-I & IGFBPs, autoradiographs were obtained. Results & Conclusion: IGF-I levels were increased significantly in hyperthyroid patients(mean ± SE, 267.88±19.80 ng/ml, p$lt;0.05) and decreased significantly in hypothyroid patients(154.81±11.43 ng/ml, p $lt;0.01) compaired to healthy control group(209.45±8.60 ng/ml). Autoradiograph of serum IGFBPs from patients wiyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism did not show any change in the intensity of IGFBP-3 bands(40-45 KD) and IGFBP-1 bands, but in hyperthyroid patients, it showed increased intensity of IGFBP-2 band compared to healthy control group and hypothyroid patients(1 Kor Soc Endocrinol 11:52-60, 1996).
박상석,김홍민,이성준,양시영,이명훈 한국화상학회 2017 한국화상학회지 Vol.23 No.1
방향족 에스터를 메조겐 구조로 하고 양 말단에 양이온 광중합이 가능한 에폭시 관능기가 포함된 새로운 에 폭시계 액정 단량체를 합성하였고 이의 구조를 1H-NMR, IR, 등을 이용하여 확인 하였다. 알킬 스페이서의 길이가 다른 두 가지 액정 단량체의 액정 특성은 편광현미경과 DSC를 사용하여 확인하였으며, 그 결과 2MPBE의 TCN은 82 ℃에서 나타났고 TNI는 195 ℃에서 나타났으며, 4MPBE의 TCN은 88 ℃에서, TNI는 168 ℃에서 각각 관찰되었다. 편 광현미경으로 관찰한 액정상은 상기 액정 온도에서 Schlieren texture를 보이는 nematic 액정임을 확인하였다. 또한 합성된 액정 단량체를 용매에 녹여 양이온성 광개시제로서 diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate를 액정 단량체 대 비 10 wt% 가한 후 유리 기판에 스핀코팅하고 88 ℃에서 광조사를 통해 경화하여 위상지연 필름을 얻었으며, 제조 한 위상지연필름과 상업적 단량체인 RM257로부터 제조된 필름의 위상 지연 값을 측정한 결과 각각 153.08 nm와 150.49 nm 임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 필름의 두께와 위상지연 값으로부터 계산된 복굴절률은 (Δn) 0.172로 시판 중인 RM257(Merck 사)의 복굴절률과 비슷(Δn=0.173)한 값을 가짐을 알 수 있었다. New epoxy-based reactive mesogens (RM) containing aromatic ester as a mesogenic core and cationic photo-polymerizable epoxy groups on either terminal were synthesized, and their structure was characterized by 1H-NMR and IR spectroscopy. The liquid crystalline properties of these RMs were investigated by cross polarized microscope (XPM) and DSC, which revealed that TCN and TNI of 2MPBE were measured to be 82 and 195 ℃, respectively, while those of 4MPBE are 88 and 168 ℃, respectively. XPM observation confirmed that these liquid crystalline compounds show nematic phase with Schlieren texture. Using these RMs, retardation films were fabricated by photo-curing the spin cast mixture of RM and cationic photoinitiator (diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate, 10 wt%) at 88 ℃, and the retardation value was compared with that from commercial RM (RM257, Merck), which were 153.08 and 150.49 nm, respectively. From the film thickness and the retardation values, refractive index anisotropy (Δn) were calculated for the synthesized RM and RM257, which were 0.172 and 0.173, respectively.
과학학습에서 불일치 상황에 대면한 초등학생의 인지갈등 측정 도구 개발
박상석,이경호,김정환,권혁구,권재술 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1999 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.9 No.1
The purpose of this study was to develop an Instrument for the Measurement of Cognitive Conflict Levels of students who confronted with an anomalous situation in science learning. Anomalous situation is generated when students' prediction is disconsistent with the observed fact. In this study, the researchers identified 4 components of cognitive conflict and developed three items for each component. The items were developed and revised by four pilot tests. In the first pilot test, 55 elementary school students participated in the test. In the second pilot test, 88 students of the 5th and 6th grader participated in the test. The instrument of measuring cognitive conflict levels was given to the subjects right after demonstrating anomalous situation. For the demonstration, two different problem situations were developed: one was a pulley problem and the other was electric bulbs in parallel. Answered reasons for each items were analyzed to assess students' understanding on each items. In third pilot test, 125 elementary school students participated in the test. A factor analysis of the responses was carried out and reliability of the test was assessed by calculating internal consistency values. The items were finalized by three pilot tests. After 1 month after the third pilot test, researchers conducted the finalized test items to 323 students of the 5th and 6th grader. The final instrument showed moderate reliability (Cronbach-α 0.82∼0.87) and good content validity(0.93). A factor analysis of the response was carried out. 4 main factors completely coincided with 4 components that we supposed to be the conducts of cognitive conflict. The instrument can provide a means for both teachers and researchers to assess the cognitive conflict of a large number of students within a single class period. The results can be used by teachers to better understand the process of conceptual change of their students and to match instruction and materials accordingly.
박상석 한국 리터러시 학회 2022 리터러시 연구 Vol.13 No.1
The Norachi (노라치) tale, recorded in Korea around the 20th century, has a storyline in which an otter and a Joseon woman combine to create Norachi, and Nurhachi (努爾哈赤), a son of Norachi, later establishes the Qing (淸) Dynasty. The story of Song Tai-Jo (宋太祖) in China and of Jung Bu-lyeong (丁部領) in Vietnam are tales similar to the Norachi tale that involve a plot in which the child of an otter and a woman becomes emperor. A distinctive feature of the Norachi tale compared to the other two tales is that the conflict between ethnic groups is prominent. In the confrontation between ethnic groups, there is variation in each of the Norachi tales between the extremes of punishment or tolerance for the Jurchen (女 眞), the superiority or inferiority of Koreans vis-à-vis the Jurchen, and the extent to which Koreans influenced the founding of the Qing Dynasty. Hence, the Norachi tale has become a lively topic for the discussion of ethnic issues of Korean (朝鮮人) and Jurchen.
챗GPT 시대 대학 글쓰기 교육의 대응 방안 연구 - 과정중심 글쓰기의 가치 재인식과 내실화를 중심으로
박상석 한국 리터러시 학회 2023 리터러시 연구 Vol.14 No.6
챗GPT가 성장하며 한쪽에서 글쓰기 교육을 향한 회의론이 제기되고 있다.이러한회의론을 들여다보면 그 안에서 글쓰기를 대하는 결과중심의 시각을 발견할 수 있다. 이를 계기로 현재의 글쓰기 교육에서 과정중심 글쓰기의 실천에 미흡함이 있음을 자각하고 반성하게 된다.과정중심 글쓰기가 교육에 보편화된 것은 그것이 글쓰기 교육의 목적을 매우 잘 구현해 줄 수 있기 때문이다.챗GPT시대에도 글쓰기 교육의 목적이 바뀌지 않는 한 과정중심 글쓰기는 충실히 이행되어야 한다.글쓰기의 과정은 필자의 내면에서 수행되며,각각의 과정은 글쓰기 작업 전반에 걸쳐 서로서로 유기적으로연결된다.그러므로 그 과정의 일부라도 챗GPT에 맡긴다면 글쓰기 수업의 교육 효과가 감소되기 쉽다.글쓰기 교육에서 챗GPT의 활용 방안을 모색하는 향후의 연구는 그러한 방안으로 얻을 수 있는 효과가 전통의 과정중심 글쓰기로 얻는 효과보다 큰지 그렇지 않은지를 신중히 따져 보아야 한다.역설적이게도 첨단의 챗GPT시대에 글쓰기교육이 가장 주력해야 할 일은 전통의 과정중심 글쓰기 교육을 내실화하는 것이다.과정중심 글쓰기의 내실화를 위한 방안 중 특히 중요한 것 한 가지는 글쓰기에서 필자의자기체험을 활성화함으로써 자기 글을 향한 애정과 이해도를 높여 글쓰기 과정의 역동성을 살리는 것이다. As ChatGPT grows, skepticism toward writing education is being raised on one side. If we look into this skepticism, we can discover a result-oriented perspective on writing. This made us realize and reflect on the shortcomings in the practice of process-based writing in the current writing education. The reason why process-based writing has become common in education is because it can very well realize the purpose of writing education. Even in the ChatGPT era, process-based writing must be faithfully implemented as long as the purpose of writing education does not change. The writing process is carried out within the writer, and each process is organically connected to each other throughout the writing process. Therefore, if even part of the process is left to ChatGPT, the educational effectiveness of writing classes is likely to be reduced. Future research exploring ways to utilize ChatGPT in writing education must carefully consider whether the effects that can be obtained from such a method are greater than those obtained from traditional process-based writing. Paradoxically, the most important thing for writing education in the era of cutting-edge ChatGPT is to strengthen the traditional process-based writing education. Among the ways to improve process-based writing, one particularly important thing is to enhance the dynamism of the writing process by activating the writer’s self-experience in writing.