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Syntax and Statistical Learning in the Language Development of the English Dative Alternation
박명관,김유희 한국중앙영어영문학회 2013 영어영문학연구 Vol.55 No.4
This paper examines the language development of dative alternation in English, double object (DO) dative and prepositional object (PO) dative. It has been reported (cf. Gropen et al. (1989)) that children or speakers with insufficient linguistic knowledge tend to make errors in or over-generate dative alternation. Pinker (1989) took a semantics- based approach to the acquisition of argument structure proposing the broad-range rule and the narrow range verb classes. This paper takes an alternative syntax/UG-based approach to the issue at hand, arguing that the functional category Applicative plays an indispensible role in introducing a DO dative, thus attributing the use of the latter to the development of the former. We further argue that the development of the functional category Appl(icative) emerges from statistical learning of verb classes while children experience syntactic distributions of verbs in English.
Parallelism in Labeling between (Free) Relativitization and Coordinate Conjunction
박명관,서혜진 한국중앙영어영문학회 2015 영어영문학연구 Vol.57 No.1
This paper examines the long-standing issue of syntactic projection/ labeling in free relatives (FRs) of English. Pointing out some drawbacks on Chomsky’s (2013) recent labeling analysis of FRs, we suggest that labeling of FRs can be accounted for more effectively on a par with his (2013) analysis of coordinate structure. Specifically, both the morphologically simple elements that head FRs, such as what, where, when, and the morphologically complex -ever forms like whoever, serve the ambiguous role of relative head and relative operator. They thus determine the label of the resulting construction they build merging with the following FR-forming complementizer. In essence, this complementizer in FRs behaves like Conj, which as Chomsky suggests is ‘not available as a label,’ and therefore the moved element occupying its Spec position in FRs projects itself up to the resulting construction.
박명관,신의종 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2014 언어연구 Vol.31 No.3
This paper examines the leftward movement, right dislocation, and overt/covert anaphora of the embedded verbal complex (excluding the embedded subject) in Korean. Supposing that anaphora is a basic phenomena, and that leftward movement and right dislocation are derivative from the basic phenomenon of anaphora, we propose a unified analysis for the syntactic distributions of embedded verbal complexes that undergo the afore-mentioned three syntactic operations. In ruling out illegal cases of such distributions, we show that a ban on haphazard movement and MaxMove are at work. We also show that the construction-specific requirement for right dislocation is that the clause preceding the right dislocated expression is grammatically correct, though allowing for subsequent syntactic reanalysis/reprojection after the addition of the right dislocated expression.
An (impossible) excursion into matrix [Spec, vP] out of an elided complement clause in Korean
박명관 한국언어학회 2009 언어 Vol.34 No.4
This paper investigates into impossible deletion of an embedded predicate complex in Korean. We have first shown as in Chung (2009) that when an embedded subject or object stays within an embedded clause, the case in point is attributed to non-constituenthood of the embedded predicate complex. However, grammar allows Move to feed Delete: in other words, movement of the embedded subject or object expression out of the embedded clause makes a way for the latter to undergo constituency-respecting deletion. Ahn and Cho (2009) argue following this idea that Korean (as well as English) does not allow CP deletion, blaming the case in point on it. Showing that Ahn and Cho's analysis is not sufficient enough in addressing all the possible cases in question, however, we have argued that movement of the embedded expression either through or into the matrix [Spec, vP] counts as an instance of A-movement in the constructions involving VP-like ellipsis, and that therefore it is ruled out as it involves extraction out of the embedded CP.
Evaluative ‘How’: Development of a ‘New’ Construction and Its Interpretation
박명관 현대영미어문학회 2023 현대영미어문학 Vol.41 No.2
This paper explores the construction derived from the evaluative use of ‘how,’ which shares apparent syntactic similarities with interrogative and exclamative uses of ‘how.’ The study begins by establishing both syntactic and interpretive distinctions between the evaluative ‘how’ and the interrogative/exclamative ‘how,’ thus highlighting the autonomous nature of the evaluative ‘how’ as a separate construction. Drawing upon a cartographic approach, inspired by Munaro and Obenauer’s (1999) characterization of the surprise/disapproval construction that captures the speaker’s emotional reaction to the described situation, we integrate the construction under investigation into this framework. By elucidating the differences between the evaluative ‘how’ and interrogatives/exclamatives, this paper subsequently accounts for the construction-specific features of the evaluative ‘how’, including insensitivity to the Inner Island phenomenon, absence of long-distance movement, and addressee-orientedness.