특집논문 : 서양에서의 중앙과 지방 ; 프랑스 좌,우파의 지방분권 담론과 관련 정책에 대한 역사적 고찰(1946-2003)

민유기 ( You Ki Min ) 한국서양사학회 2005 西洋史論 Vol.0 No.86

치료냐 예방이냐? 결핵 퇴치 운동의 우선권 논의: 20세기 전환기 프랑스를 중심으로

민유기(MIN You-Ki) 대한의사학회 2022 醫史學 Vol.31 No.3

The purpose of this paper is to analyze discussions on the matter of priority in treatment and prevention that took place in the medical community, the government and social hygiene associations to tuberculosis referred to as one of the national calamity in France at the turn of the 20th century. In other words, it is to show that treatment and prevention have complementary properties in France’s anti-tuberculosis movement, considering the discussions on which institutions should preferably be expanded - between the Sanatorium that values medical treatment and the anti-tuberculosis dispensary that values social prevention. Tuberculosis, which is known to have existed from the ancient times, spread to the era of industrialization and urbanization, resulting in a large loss of lives in the second half of the 19th century following cholera in the first half of the century. Starting in Germany in the middle of this century, Sanatorium established a treatment for tuberculosis patients with air therapy, proper exercise or rest, and diet. In France, a public Sanatorium was built for the lower class, not like a luxury resort style Sanatorium for the wealthy class, from the 1890s. The spread was slow, however, due to financial problems. In the 1900s, anti-tuberculosis dispensary as a health center were increasingly built in working class quarters. The debate over whether to support the sanatorium or the dispensary was ignited at first, but since the mid-to-late 1900s, the two institutions’ roles, namely, medical treatment and social prevention, have been recognized as complementary. The Anti-tuberculosis dispensary Act of 1916 and the Sanatorium Act of 1919 systematically supported the complementary relationship between treatment and prevention in fighting against tuberculosis.

19세기 파리의 도시화와 매춘

민유기 ( You Ki Min ) 고려대학교 역사연구소 2006 사총 Vol.62 No.-

출산 파업과 민족의 자살에 대한 사회적 대응 - 프랑스 가족보호정책의 기원(1874-1914)

민유기 ( You Ki Min ) 한국서양사학회 2006 西洋史論 Vol.0 No.89

19세기 파리 동쪽 광장들의 기념물과 도시의 정치기호학

민유기 ( You Ki Min ) 한국기호학회 2008 기호학연구 Vol.23 No.-

파나마운하 정경유착 비리와 1890년대 프랑스의 정치변화

민유기 ( You Ki Min ) 고려대학교 역사연구소 (구 역사학연구회) 2012 사총 Vol.76 No.-

The purpose of this study is to provide an analysis of how Panama Canal Scandal, collusion between politicians and financial services industry, transformed the French politics in the 1890s. To this end, the analysis deals with the causes and developments of the scandal, and critical public opinions toward corrupt financial sector and politicians and their court trials, and also examines the outcomes of the 1893 and 1898 general elections. The construction of the Panama Canal completed by the United States in 1914 was commenced by Panama Canal Company established in 1881 by a French engineer Ferdinand de Lesseps, who a had built the Suez Canal in 1869. To raise enough money for the construction project, the company had to issue bonds as many as six times from 1882 to 1888, but always suffered financial difficulties. In response, the company lobbied the politicians and received government loans, but ended up in bankruptcy in February, 1889. In 1892 the Panama scandals broke out when a boulangist newspaper disclosed that the company bribed the politicians. In the bribery trials, the company`s key executives and former Public Construction minister were found guilty, and the scandal was used for anti-parliamentary and anti-capitalism propaganda by anarchists. The affair resulted in dwindling power of moderate Republicans in the 1893 and 1898 elections while led radical Republicans to gain influence, and socialists to take more than fifty seats in the National Assembly. In addition, many fresh faces entered the National Assembly in place of established politicians involved in the scandals, resulting in a generational shift in politics. The Panama Scandal contributed to proliferating radical and social republicanism in the final years of the nineteen century.

파리 도시학연구소의 인문학 전통과 사회적 기능

민유기(Min, You-Ki) 인천대학교 인천학연구원 2010 인천학연구 Vol.12 No.-

이 논문의 목적은 1916년에 창설되어 현재 파리 12대학(University of Paris XII)에 속해있는 파리 도시학연구소(The Institut d'Urbanisme de Paris)의 창립 배경, 연구소의 조직구성 및 교육활동, 연구소 간행 잡지인 『도시의 삶(La Vie urbaine)』에서 다루어진 주제들과 특성을 분석하는 데 있다. 1960-50년대 오스만화로 인해 파리의 도심은 근대적으로 정비되었으나 파리의 경계지역과 수도권은 20세기 초까지 무분별하게 팽창하고 있었다. 20세기 초부터 파리의 경계지역과 인접한 소도시들을 근대적 도시계획으로 정비하자는 주장은 1919년 도시정비법을 낳았다. 이런 상황에서 1916년에 파리 도시학연구소가, 1919년에 이 연구소를 기반으로 한 도시학대학원이 창설되었다. 역사학자 포에트(Marcel Poete)와 개혁적 사회주의자 정치가 셀리에(Henri Sellier)가 연구소와 대학원의 성립과 초기 발전을 주도했다. 연구소와 대학원은 역사학, 지리학, 경제학을 중심으로 도시학(Urbanism)이라는 학제간 연구를 체계화하였다. 연구소의 잡지는 다양한 학문에서 도시문제를 다룬 연구 성과들을 확산시켰다. 파리 도시학연구소는 성립부터 인문학의 전통에 기반을 둔 채 도시학 연구와 교육활동을 전개했다. 이를 통해 파리와 수도권 도시환경의 개선과 도시민의 삶의 질 고양에 기여하였다. 인문학의 전통을 지닌 프랑스 도시학의 특징은 도시학 연구와 교육이 공학에 치우쳐 있는 우리사회에 많은 시사점을 제공해준다. This thesis is devoted to exploring the Paris Institute of Urbanism (Institut d'Urbanisme de Paris) founded in 1916 and currently under the University of Paris XII. The main themes of this study include the backgrounds of Institute’ foundation, organizational structure, educational programs and the contents of its periodical publication titled La Vie urbaine from 1919 to 1939. The Haussmannization in the 1850’ and 1860’ led to the modern renovation of the Paris downtown, but the Paris borders and metropolitan area continued to expand recklessly by the early 20th century. The constant demand for modern urban planning and development of the Paris borders and its adjacent small cities resulted in the 1919 urban planning act. While such progresses were being made, the Institute was founded in 1916, giving birth to the graduate school of urbanism in 1919. The foundation and early development of the Institute and graduate school were led by two prominent figures: historian Marcel Poete and socialist politician Henri Sellier. The Institute and the graduate school systemized the interdisciplinary studies of urbanism based on history, geography, and economics. The Institute’ publication La Vie urbaine played a role in delivering and promoting the study findings about urban issues handled by diverse academic fields during the first half of the 20th century. The Institute’ urban studies and educational programs have been always conducted and offered based on the tradition of Humanities since its foundation. This contributed to improving the city environment of Paris and its metropolitan area, and enriching the quality of life of the citizens. Humanities-based urbanism in France indicates many implications for engineering-oriented Korean urbanism researches and education.

68년 5월 운동과 프랑스의 대학개혁

민유기(You-Ki Min) 한국프랑스사학회 2013 프랑스사연구 Vol.- No.29

파리의 공중보건 활동과 결핵 퇴치 운동 (1889~1919)

민유기(MIN, You-Ki) 도시사학회 2021 도시연구 Vol.- No.28

이 논문의 목적은 20세기 전환기 파리에서의 결핵 퇴치 운동과 관련된 공중보건 정책 발전의 역사적 의미를 분석하는 것이다. 19세기 중반 유럽의 대도시에 큰 인명 피해를 준 콜레라에 뒤이어, 19세기 말에 결핵이 치명적 감염병이자 전염병으로 등장했다. 파리에서 결핵으로 인한 사망자는 매년 1만 2천여 명이나 되었다. 1882년 독일의 미생물학자 코흐가 결핵균을 발견한 이후 결핵 퇴치 운동이 조직되기 시작했다. 파리시는 1889년부터 결핵을 포함해 각종 감염병 발병 장소에 대한 무료 소독 서비스를 실시하였다. 도시 하층 노동자의 질병으로 인식된 결핵을 예방하기 위해 파리시의회는 거리에 가래침 뱉기 금지 캠페인을 전개하며 개인적 위생교육을 강조했다. 공공병원에서는 결핵 환자를 일반 환자와 분리하여 치료하도록 했다. 몇 년 뒤 이 조처는 정부에 의해 프랑스 전역으로 확산되었다. 파리의 노동자 밀집 거주 구역에는 결핵을 예방하기 위한 무료 보건소가 세워졌고, 수도권에 파리 빈곤층을 위한 공공 결핵 요양원도 건립되었다. 파리의 결핵 예방을 위한 공중보건 정책의 강화는 중앙정부가 1916년 결핵 퇴치를 위한 보건소 건립 법과 1919년 결핵 요양원 건립 법을 제정하는 데 영향을 미쳤다. The purpose of this article was to analyze the development of public health policies related to the anti-tuberculosis movement in Paris at the turn of the 20th century. Following cholera, which caused a great number of casualties in large West European cities in the mid-19th century, tuberculosis emerged as a fatal infectious and contagious disease in the late 19th century. There are about 12,000 deaths from tuberculosis in Paris each year at this time. After the German microbiologist Koch discovered Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in 1882, the anti-tuberculosis movement began to be organized. Since 1889, the municipal government has provided free disinfection services to places where outbreaks of various infectious diseases occurred, including tuberculosis. To prevent tuberculosis, which is recognized as a disease of urban poor workers, the Paris city council emphasized personal hygiene education by launching a campaign to prohibit spitting. The Public hospitals in Paris cared for tuberculosis patients separately from the general patients. A few years later, the measure was spread throughout France by the government. Free public dispensaries to prevent tuberculosis were established in the poor working class residential districts, and Free public sanatorium were also built in the metropolitan area. The public health policies in Paris related to the anti-tuberculosis movement influenced the enactment of a law regarding dispensaries about dispensaries to prevent tuberculosis in 1916 and a law concerning sanatoriums in 1919.

특집논문 : 이와쿠라사절단과 서양도시 체험 ; 이와쿠라 사절단의 프랑스 근대도시 체험과 인식

민유기 ( You Ki Min ) 고려대학교 역사연구소(구 역사학연구회) 2013 사총 Vol.80 No.-

The Meiji Government sent a delegation of over 100 elite members of the administration, known as the Iwakura Embassy, to the Unites States of America and Europe from 1871 to 1873. The five-volume Iwakura Reports are records written and compiled by Kume, one of the delegates, which describe the political, economic, social and cultural aspects of America and the European countries that they had observed during their tours. The objective of this article is to analyze how the Japanese elite understood and appreciated the modern cities of France through the observations that the Iwakura Reports make on Paris, Lyon and Marseilles. The article deals with the Iwakura Embassy`s views on the infrastructure of the modern French city such as boulevards created by Haussmannisation, the sewage system and the urban parks. It will also look into the Embassy`s appreciation of the economic aspects of the modern French city such as industrial development and commercial activities, as well as the cultural dimensions such as educational facilities, museums and Parisiens leisure. The article also looks into the Embassy`s perception of the 1871 Paris Commune. The Iwakura Embassy recognized that the modern city of Paris was undertaking a comprehensive role of administration, production and consumption, education and cultural development, and therefore held generally negative views on the class struggle that was the 1871 Paris Commune. The Embassy also paid particular attention to the French experience of modernizing tradition, which laid the foundations for the modernization of Japan with the role of the Emperor at the forefront.