관통성 흉부손상에 의한 구역기관지 파열의 기관지성형술 : 1례 보고 Report of a case

류한영,김정태,김대준,임상현,노환규,소동문,이철주,송영구,황성철 아주대학교 1996 아주의학 Vol.1 No.2

Rupture of segmental bronchus is an uncommon injury, although the frequency of penetrating chest trauma continues to escalate. Early diagnosis and meticulous repair are essential for good chinical results in there patients. Here we report a successful management of the segmental bronchial rupture resulting from a penetrating thoracic injury. The patient is a 38 years old male who was injured while riding a motorcycle by its handle on the left chest. The initial symptoms were dyspnea and chest pain. An open wound with foreign body was visible on the anterior axillary line of the left chest. The preoperative chest x-ray revealed a hemopneumothorax, and a foreign body density in the left chest. Cardiac injury was ruled out using computed tomography of the chest. The operation was performed with a standard left posterolaleral thoracotomy incision through the fifth intercostal space. There were ruptures of the anteromedial basal and superior segments of the left lower lobe with deep lung laceration. Also massive air leakage was observed through the wound sites. Injury of the major vessels and heart was not seen. The bronchoplasty with debridment of the ruptured bronchial edges and primary anastomosis with interrupted nonabsorbable sutures was performed successfully. The postoperalive course was uneventful.

농흉에 있어서 비데오 흉강경을 이용한 늑막박리 및 배농술

류한영,소동문,이철주,최호 아주대학교 의과학연구소 1996 아주의학 Vol.1 No.1

A thoracic empyema is a collection of pus in the pleural space. The most effective treatment of empyema thoracis remains debated. Among the contending therapies, a technique of irrigation for the management of empyema has been described. Initial thoracoscopy under general anesthesia enabled full debridement and division of loculi within the empyema cavity with direct vision. So we employed thoracoscopic debridement and irrigation in a select group of patients with empyema, excluding those with complications, severely debilitated patients, and those with bronchopleural fistula. In particular we chose patients in the second phase of fibropurulent empyema for inclusion. All cases except one with lung cancer were completely resolved. Our results indicate that thoracoscopic debridement and drainage as a first-line measure for second phase empyema thoracis is a safe and relatively atraumatic procedure.

左 비틀림 홈 Tap의 切削效果에 關한 硏究

柳漢永 大田工業專門大學 1983 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

To make researches in the cutting effect of the tap grooved by twisting to the test, the tappig torque in duralumin & castiron cutting is studied in comparison with that of the tap grooved traight. The tap grooved by twisting to the left made by dry cutting of duralumin is better in usetan the tap grooved straight , but mixed & castiron cutting is less efficient. It is better that the groove places duralumin at an angle of l3" to Is" , in which torque is the and cutting is satisfactory.

항산화제로서 비타민 C가 적출된 쥐심장에서 허혈 및 재관류후 좌심실 기능회복에 미치는 영향

류한영,이철주 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1996 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.29 No.6

과거에 심근보호에 대한 많은 조사는 저온의 고칼릅 심정지액 및 국소적 냉각에 의한 방법으로는한 계가 있다는 지적이 있었다. 따라서 최근의 실험들은 재관류의 방법에 따른 허혈 후 심근회복에 대하여 촛점이 맞춰 지고 있다. 재관류 시 산소에 의한 심근손상이 밝혀 짐으로써 oxygen free radical scavenger에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 따라서 본 교실에서는 쥐에게 항산화제로서 비타민 C를 먹인 후 Langendorf'r system을 이용하여 허혈 및 재관류 시 좌심실 기능의 변화를 관찰하였다 대상은 체중 190-))Og의 Sprague-Dawley쥐를 암수 구별없이 사용하였다. 편의상 비타민을 먹이지 않 은 대조군을 Group A (n=10)라 하였고 200mg의 비타민을 먹인 실험군을 Group R (n=10)라 하였다. 실 험군의 경우는 비타민 C 200mg을 경구투여한 후 24시간에 시행하였다. 방법은 언저 복강을 통해 헤파 린과 펜토탈을 주입한 후 심장을 적출하여 Langendorff system에 거치하고 비운동성 역관류를 시켰다. 관류액은 변형된 Krebs-Henseleit solution을 사용하였다. 좌심실내에 풍선을 삽입하여 polygraph를 통해 좌심실의 혈역학적 기능을 관찰하였다. 먼저 20분간 심 揚\ulcorner안정될 때까지 기다린 다음 51. Thomas심 정 지액으로 심정 지를 시킨후 30분간 허 혈시키고 다시 20분간 재관류시켰다. 각 Group에서 허혈전후의 좌심실압의 비, dp/dt의 비,박동수의 비, 재관류 후 첫 박동 및 안정될 때 까지의 시간을Group간에 비 교하였다. 좌심실압의 비는 Group A가 평균 88.9%, Group B가 114%로 실험군이 의의있게 높았으며 역시 dp/dt도 Group A가 89.6%, Group B가 1)2.9%로 실험군이 의의 있게 높았다 그러나 박동수의 비, 재관류 후 첫 박동 및 안정될 때 까지의 시간의 비교는 통계 학적 의의가 없었다. 결론적으로 항산화제로서 비타민 C는 허혈 및 재관류 시 좌심실 기능회복에 도움이 되었다. 그러나 향후 임상적 적용을 위해서는 더욱 자세하고 많은 실험 이 요구된다. The large number of past investigation on extended myocardial protection clearly indicates that cold potassium cardioplegia and topical cooling have limited capabilities. Accordingly, more recent experimen- tal approaches have focused on the modalities of reperfusion and their implication on postischemic myo- cardial recovery. Oxygen may play a crucial role in the development of ischemic and reperfusion injury. Reactive oxygen radicals may be produced during ischemia or reperfusion after incomplete reduction of molecular oxygen or from other pathway and then induce fatal injury of the heart. The important obser- vation of oxygen-induced myocardial damage during reperfusion has led to the concept of applying oxy- gen free radical scavengers. So, this study is on dietary vitamin C supplementation as antioxidant in rats to determine whether or not they have a higher tolerance against cardiac ischemia-reperf'usion injury under Langendorff system. Male or female Sprague-Dawley rats (190-33Og) were randomly separated into two groups. Group A was not treated(n=10). Group B received vitamin C supplement (n=10). Experiment was performed 24 hours after vitamin C 200mg fed orally as injectable ascorbic acid. There were significant differences in contractile parameters between control and vitamin C-treated group. The RLVP (r te of post/preischemic left ventricular pressure) and Rdp/dt (rate of post/preischemic dp/dt) were significant statistically between two groups (p<0.05). But, RHR (rate of post/preischemic heart rate), time to first beat and sta'utilization were not significant. In conclusion, pretreatment with the antioxidant, ascorbic acid, was found to preserve left ventricular contractile function. But the precise mechanism of action of ascorbic acid has not as yet been determined, so further study will be required.

좌측 총폐정맥 환류이상의 수술 교정 - 1례 보고 -

류한영 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1990 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.23 No.5

The anomalous pulmonary venous return of the entire left lung was an extremely rare congenital anomaly. The reported surgical experience with correction of this disorder was limited. The 3-year-old female patient underwent an operation upon the unilateral total anomalous pulmonary venous return from the left lung, in which the left superior pulmonary vein drained into innominate vein and the left inferior pulmonary vein into the coronary sinus, in Yeungnam University Hospital. The symptoms were nonspecific except frequent upper respiratory infection. Cyanosis was not seen. On auscultatory findings, a grade 2/6 systolic ejection murmur was audible over left second intercostal space of left sternal border and second heart sound had an increased pulmonary component which was widely splitted. The electrocardiogram demonstrated a right ventricular hypertrophy and right axis deviation and chest X-ray showed slightly increased pulmonary vascularity and bulged pulmonary conus. The echocardiogram demonstrated increased right atrial, ventricular, and pulmonary arterial dimension, and also secundum atrial septal defect and enlarged coronary sinus. The cardiac catheterization confirmed the left-to-right with a Qp/Qs of 2.0: 1 and oxygen step-up was seen in pulmonary artery, right ventricle, right atrium, and left innominate vein, and the catheter was not been introduced into the left pulmonary vein. A median sternotomy incision was done. Left superior pulmonary vein was drained to the innominate vein through anomalous vertical vein and the left inferior pulmonary vein drained to right atrium through the coronary sinus. The diversion of the left inferior pulmonary vein to posterior wall of left atrium was done after division in the proximity of coronary sinus. The anomalous vertical vein was diverted to base of left atrial auricle and then a atrial septal defect was sutured directly. The postoperative course was uneventful and she was discharged on the eleventh postoperative day. In the postoperative follow-up-2 months, she has been well without specific problems.

“가톨릭교회 밖에서의 교회성의 인정”에 대한 논평

류한영 한국가톨릭신학학회 2002 가톨릭신학 Vol.1 No.1

심장판막 치환술후 단기 추적성적

류한영 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1990 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.23 No.6

96 patients underwent cardiac valve replacement for valvular heart diseases consecutively between February 1986 to February 1990 in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery of Yeungnam University Hospital. The follow up period was between 6 months and 4.5 years postoperatively[mean 23.4$\pm$13.1 months]. 75 cases got mitral valve replacement, 6 cases, aortic valve replacement, 15 cases, double valve replacement. 30[31.2%] patients were male and 66[68.8%] were female and the age ranged from 14 to 66 years old. Early hospital death within 30 days postoperation were 5 patients[5.2%], consisting of by low cardiac output in 2, infective endocarditis in 1, multiple organ failure with sepsis in 1 patient. There was no late postoperative death. Most common early postoperative complication was wound disruption [8.7%] and then low cardiac output, pneumothorax, pleural effusion in order. Most common late postoperative complications were minor bleeding episodes[8.7%] related to anticoagulant therapy which were consisted of frequent epistaxis in 3, gum bleeding in 2, hemorrhagic gastritis in 1, hypermenorrhea in 1, hematoma in right arm in 1 patient. Valve-related complications included valve thrombosis [1.6%/ patient-year], valve failure due to pannus formation[1.1% /patient-year], prosthetic valve endocarditis[1, 1%o/patient-year] and minor anticoagulant hemorrhage[4.4% /patient-year]. 5 cases of reoperations were performed in 4 patients due to valve failure and all of them were in the mitral positions[2.7% /patient-year]. Cardiothoracic ratios in the chest X-ray decreased at the 6th month and 1st year postoperation in all patients. But in New York Heart Association[NYHA] functional class IV, no change in cardiothoracic ratio was found between 6 months and 1 year postoperation. In the echocardiogram, the size of the cardiac chambers decreased, but ejection fraction increased postoperatively in each functional class. In the electrocardiogram, decreases were found in the incidence of atrial fibrillation, left atrial enlargement, left ventricular hypertrophy with right bundle branch block increasing postoperatively in each functional class. The actuarial survival rate was 98.4% for all patients, 98.7% for mitral valve replacement, 83.8% for aortic valve replacement, and 80% for double valve replacement at the end of a 4.5 year follow up period. Meanwhile the actuarial freedom rate was 91.5% for prosthetic valve endocarditis, 91.6% for thromboembolism, 89.0% for prosthetic valve failure and 83.7% for minor anticoagulant hemorrhage. Preoperative NYHA class III and IV were 75% of all patients, but 95% of all patients were up graded to NYHA class I and II postoperatively.

좌측 주기관지 외상성 단절의 지연복원 -1례 보고-

류한영,박이태,한승세,Ryu, Han-Yeong,Park, Lee-Tae,Han, Seung-Se 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1990 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.23 No.3

A complete transection of left main bronchus was repaired by end to end anastomosis 5 months after the chest trauma in the Yeungnam University Hospital. The patient was a 36 years old male who had been injured bluntly by a heavy package on the left chest. The initial symptoms and signs were dyspnea, chest pain and subcutaneous emphysema on the left neck, but on admission at our hospital his chief complaint was only mild left chest discomfort. The preoperative chest X-ray findings 5 months after the trauma revealed total collapse of the left lung, deviation of trachea to the left, elevation of left diaphragm, abrupt discontinuation in the course of an air-filled left main bronchus and bronchoscopy showed that the left main bronchus was completely occluded, without any signs of inflammation, approximately 4 cm from the carina. The operation was performed through standard posterolateral thoracotomy incision at the fifth intercostal space. There was not any suppuration within the transected lung but plenty of white mucus which was removed by forceful suction. The transected bronchial edges were debrided and anastomosed primarily by end to end with interrupted nonabsorbable sutures. The suture line was reinforced with a pleural flap. The postoperative course was uneventful and pulmonary function following operation improved progressively and proved the delayed repair to have a reasonable decision.

기관근의 수축성에 대한 말초성 Benzodiazepine 수용체의 역할

류한영,최형철,최은미,손의동,이광윤,김원준,하정희,Rhyu, Han-Young,Choi, Hyung-Cheol,Choi, Eun-Mee,Sohn, Uy-Dong,Lee, Kwang-Youn,Kim, Won-Joon,Ha, Jeoung-Hee 대한약리학회 1997 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.1 No.6

Non-neuronal high affinity binding sites for benzodiazepines have been found in many peripheral tissues including cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle, and have been designated as 'peripheral benzodiazepine receptor'. Benzodiazepines have been shown to induce relaxation of the ileal, vesical, and uterine smooth muscles. However, it is still unclear about possible involvement of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor on the contractility of trachealis muscle. This study was performed to investigate the role of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor on the contractility of canine trachealis muscle. Canine trachealis muscle strips of 15 mm long were suspended in an isolated organ bath containing 1 ml of physiological salt solution maintained at $37^{\circ}C$, and aerated with $95%\;O_2/5%\;CO_2$. Isometric myography was performed, and the results of the experiments were as follows: Ro5-4684, FGIN-1-27 and clonazepam reduced a basal tone of isolated canine trachealis muscle strip concentration dependently, relaxant actions of RoS-4684 and FGIN-1-27 were antagonized by PK11195, a peripheral benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Flumazenil, a central type antagonist, did not antagonize the relaxant action of Peripheral type agonists. Saturation binding assay of [3H]Ro5-4864 showed a high affinity$(Kd=5.33{\pm}1.27nM,\;Bmax=\;867.3{\pm}147.2\;fmol/mg\;protein)$ binding site on the canine trachealis muscle. Ro 5-4684 suppressed the bethanechol-, 5-hydroxyoyptamine- and histamine- induced contractions. Platelet activating factor (PAF) exerted strong and prolonged contraction in trachealis muscle strip. Strong tonic contraction by PAE was attenuated by Ro 5-4684, but not by WEB 2086, a PAF antagonist. Based on these results, it is concluded that the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor mediates the inhibitory regulation of contractilty of canine trachealis muscle.

모바일 폰에서의 동적 인터페이스와 정적 인터페이스의 비교

류한영,김동미 한국디지털디자인학회 2007 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.7 No.4

)오늘날 하드웨어의 발달과 함께 정보 표현 기술의 발달은 정보의 전달과 탐색에 있어 과거의 문자와 차원적인2그래픽에서 멀티미디어를 이용한 동적 인터페이스의 구현을 가능하게 하였다 이러한 (Dynamic interface) .동적인 멀티미디어 기반의 인터페이스는 웹 사이트뿐만아니라 모바일 기기의 인터페이스에서도 강력하게 적용되고 있다.일반적으로 동적 인터페이스는 정적 인터페이스보다 좋다고 간주 되어 왔다 하지만 동적 인터페이스가 정적.인터페이스보다 더 좋다는 것을 보여주는 연구는 흔치않다 특히 사용성 측면에서 이러한 연구를 진행한 사례. ,는 거의 발견하기 어려웠다.본 연구는 모바일 사용자 인터페이스를 사용함에 있어동적 인터페이스 와 정적 인터페이스(Dynamic interface)의 사용성 차이를 비교 분석 하여 동 (Static interface) ,적 인터페이스의 사용성이 정적 인터페이스의 사용성 보다 좋은 것은 아님을 밝혀 낼 수 있었다 하지만 본 실.험의 실험 참여자는 정적 인터페이스를 오랜 기간 사용해 온 사용자들이었기 때문에 실험 참여자들의 이러한특성이 반영 되었다고 볼 수 있겠다 즉 사용자의 경험. ,이 실험 결과에 반영 된 것이다.본 연구의 또 다른 흥미로운 발견 점은 사용성이 높은인터페이스가 사용자의 만족도를 높일 수 있다는 것이었다 이는 사용성의 문제를 선호도와 같은 감성적인 만족.이라는 측면에서 고려할 수 있음을 나타내는 것으로 향후 이에 대한 다양한 연구가 필요할 것이다.(Abstract)For last several decades, information expresiontechnologies have been extremely advanced.Dynamic interfaces using multimedia have beenapplied to many digital devices, especially tomobile phones.It has ben believed that a dynamic interfacewould be better than a static interfaces.However, the authors of this paper could not findstudies howing such a belief is corect. Inparticular, it is hard to find a paper showing theusability of dynamic interface is beter than thatof static interface.This paper introduces the results of anexperiment in which dynamic interfaces arecompared with static interfaces. Acording to theresults, dynamic interfaces are not always beterthan static interfaces in terms of usability. Theparticipants of the xperiment were whom haveused static interfaces for a long time. Theauthors believe that participant's uchcharacteristics could cause such results. Inaddition, the results of experiment show that hebeter usability can increase user's satisfaction.(Keyword)Mobile Phone, Dynamic Interface, Static Interface,Usability, Emotional Satisfaction