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Development of the Korean Paternal-Fetal Attachment Scale (K-PAFAS)
노난이,염혜아 한국간호과학회 2017 Asian Nursing Research Vol.11 No.2
Purpose: This study is a methodological study aimed to develop the Korean Paternal-Fetal Attachment Scale (K-PAFAS) to measure the level of attachment between the father and the expected baby, and to examine its validity and reliability. Methods: The K-PAFAS was developed in four steps. The first step involved derivation of the initial items through review of the literature and in-depth interviews with 10 expectant fathers. The second step was the process of expert panel review, examining content validity for the initial items. In the third step, items were examined for their usability through a preliminary survey with 30 expectant fathers. As the last step, the final K-PAFAS was applied to 200 participants and examined for its psychometric profile. Results: K-PAFAS consisted of 20 items, and used a 5-point Likert scale with the total score ranging from 20 points to 100 points. A higher score indicated a higher level of attachment between the father and his unborn child. The K-PAFAS was composed of four factors. The K-PAFAS demonstrated satisfactory criterion validity, which was supported by its significant correlations with the Paternal Antenatal Attachment Scale, the Korean Dyadic Adjustment Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological StudieseDepression Scale. The Cronbach a of the K-PAFAS was .89. In test-retest reliability, the K-PAFAS showed a correlation coefficient of .91. Conclusion: The K-PAFAS demonstrated initial validity and reliability. It was short, and relatively easy for use in evaluating the degree of paternal-fetal attachment in the antenatal management stage.
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구순 및 구개열 환아 부모의 가족 스트레스와 대처에 관한 연구
노난이,탁영란,Roh Nan Lee,Tak Young, Ran 한국아동간호학회 1996 Child Health Nursing Research Vol.2 No.2
A serious disease in a family influences the entire family member given the fact that the members closely interact with each other. Especially in terms of pediatric nursing, study on family gains importance as the need to care of families whose children with developmental disabilities and chronic disease This study was done based on The Resiliency Model of Family Adjustment and Adaptation(McCubbin, 1991) is intended to examine the stress of parents whose children suffer from cleft lip or /and cleft palate. It also helps them to cope with the stress and analyze the relationship between the stress and coping This study used Family Inventory of Life Events and Changes (FILE) and Coping Health Inventory for Parents(CHIP) for measuring family stress and coping. The two instruments are revised to fit the social and cultural environment of Korean culture. Data collection was done from April 18, 1996 to May 18, 1996 at 8 University medical centers located in Seoul. Those who answered questionnaires were 84 parents whose children have cleft lip or /and cleft palate. SPSS PC+ was used to analyze the data collotted. Programs used for data analysis were t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient. The study is summarized as follows .1. The average score of family stress is 10.46(percentage of the full score 24.90) and 'finance and business strains'(3.25), and 'intrafamily strains'(2.65) ranked the highest. The average score of family's coping is 1.93, which is close to the answer of' moderately helpful' and they are measured to put their utmost efforts to' intergration and cooperation of family and optimistic definition on the situation'. 2. There is no significant statistical correlation between the family stress and coping. 3. Mothers show more stress than fathers in the parts of 'illness and family care strains' and 'losses'(t〓-2.34, t〓-2.32, p<.05). 4. Fathers show more willingness to cope with the stress than mothers do in the parts of' seeking social support','self-esteem','emotional comfort' 5. Mothers are more stress than fathers in the parts of family stress and its coping with it by usual traits(t〓-2.78, p<.05). Parents with religion are measured to cope more willingly than those who are not 6. Income of a family shows positive correlationship with family coping (r〓.28, p<.05). The study shows that gender difference is significant variable in studying on family stress and coping. Mothers get more stress than fathers, which has much to do with the fact that they are in charge of raising children and keeping houseworks. Accordingly, managing family crisis and its survival can be induced by giving support for the mothers, studying fathers including the rest of the family members and giving nursing care and arbitration ; religious background is also considered to be one of the important factors in family stress , judging from the relationship between family income and family's coping, caring given to suffering children is needed on societal levels. The above considerations bring up the need to have a longitudinal study of children with congenital anomaly including cleft lip or /and cleft palate and their families about family stress and coping. Resiliency programs on family system and their effectiveness and the relationship between the enlarged families with social and cultural values reflecting Korean tradition are also needed to be studied.
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간호대학생의 학업 스트레스가 우울에 미치는 영향: 불안의 매개효과
노난이 한국콘텐츠학회 2023 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.23 No.6
This descriptive study aimed to identify the mediating effect of anxiety amid the influence of academic stress in nursing students’ depression. Data were collected by 210 nursing students through a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multiple regression and Hayes’ PROCESS Macro Model 4 with 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval via SPSS statisics 27.0. The significant predictors of depression were anxiety(β=.44, p<.001) and academic stress (β=.21, p=.001) and explained 35.9% of depression in nursing students. The mediation effect of anxiety in relationship between the academic stress and depression was found to be significant(B=0.18, boot 95% CI: 0.10~0.25). It is necessary to identify various variables that can affect depression of nursing students, and to develop and apply interventions to reduce academic stress, anxiety, and depression. 본 연구는 간호대학생의 학업 스트레스와 불안이 우울에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 간호대학생 210명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문지를 이용하여 대상자의 학업 스트레스, 불안, 우울 정도를 파악하였다. 수집된 자료는 Pearson 상관계수, 다중회귀분석, Hayes의 PROCESS Macro Model 4 로 분석하였다. 연구 결과 간호대학생의 우울 영향요인은 불안(β=.44, p<.001)과 학업 스트레스(β=.21, p=.001)로 파악되었고, 총 설명력은 35.9%였으며, 학업 스트레스가 우울에 미치는 영향에 대한 불안의 매개효과는 유의하였다(B=0.18, boot 95% CI: 0.10~0.25). 본 연구 결과를 통해 간호대학생들의 우울 등 정신건강에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 다양한 변수를 파악하고, 학업 스트레스와 불안, 우울 감소를 위한 중재 방안의 개발 및 적용 필요성을 제언한다.
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