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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : 김형원 ( Hyung Won Kim ) (검색결과 78 건)
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The effects of matrix aging and residual stress changes on $Avimid^{(R)}$ K3B/IM7 laminates
김형원,Kim, Hyung-Won The Korea Institute of Military Science and Techno 2005 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.8 No.3
In this paper, the effects of matrix hygrothermal aging and residual stress changes on $Avimid^{(R)}$ K3B/IM7 laminates in $80^{\circ}C$ water were studied. The factors causing the $80^{\circ}C$ water to degradation of the laminates could be the degradation of the matrix toughness, the change in residual stresses. After 500 hours fully saturated aging of the neat resin, the weight gain was 1.55% increase with the diffusion coefficient $7{\times}10^{-6}m^2/s$ and the fracture toughness was decreased about 41%. After 100 hours fully saturated aging of the $[+45/0/-45/90]_s$ K3B/IM7 laminates in $80^{\circ}C$ water, the weight gain was 0.41% increase with the diffusion coefficient $1{\times}10^{-6}m^2/s$ and the loss of the microcracking fracture toughness was 43.8% of the original toughness. To see whether the residual stress influenced the fracture toughness, two ply $[90^{\circ}/0^{\circ}]$ laminates were put in $80^{\circ}C$ water from 2 hours to 8 hours. The changes in residual stress in 8 hours are less than 3MPa. Because the 3MPa change is not sufficient to degrade the laminates, the main factor to degrade the microcracking fracture toughness was the degradation of the matrix fracture toughness.
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The Aging Effect of $Avimid^(R)$ K3B/1M7 Laminates in $80^{\circ}C$ Water
김형원,Kim Hyung-Won 한국추진공학회 2005 한국추진공학회지 Vol.9 No.4
미세균열이 생기기 전 $80^{\circ}C$ 물속에서 침수시간에 따른 $Avimid^(R)$ K3B/IM7 복합재의 습기노화 현상에 관하여 연구하였다. $80^{\circ}C$ 물속에서 복합재의 파괴인성을 저하시키는 요인으로는 수지 파괴인성의 저하나 잔류응력의 변화 그리고 섬유와 수지 사이의 계면 손상이다. $80^{\circ}C$ 물속에서 수지에 습기가 포화되는 시간은 500 시간이며 K3B/IM7복합재에 습기가 포화되는 시간은 100 시간이다. 수지가 500 시간 가속노화한 후 DSC 시험을 한 결과 $T_g$는 1% 이내 증가하였으며, 무게는 $7\times10^{-6}m/s^2$ 확산속도로 1.55% 증가하였다. K3B/IM7복합재에 관하여 물속에서 100시간 지난 후 무게는 $1\times10^{-6}m/s^2$ 확산속도로 0.41% 증가했다. 500 시간 노화한 후 수지의 파괴인성은 41% 저하하였으며 100 시간 노화한 후 ${[+45/0/-45/90]}_s$ K3B/IM7 복합재의 미세균열 파괴인성은 43.8% 감소하였다. 그러므로 $80^{\circ}C$ 수분노화 시험에서 복합재 적층의 파괴인성을 감소시키는 주요 원인은 수지 파괴인성의 저하라고 할 수 있다. The Hygrothermal aging of the laminates of $Avimid^(R)$ K3B/IM7 in $80^{\circ}C$ water was studied as a function of immersion time prior to forming microcracks. The factors causing the $80^{\circ}C$ water to degradation of the laminates could be the degradation of the matrix toughness, the change in residual stresses or the interfacial damage between the fiber and the matrix. The times to saturation in $80^{\circ}C$ water for the laminates and for the neat resin were 100 hours and 500 hours. After 500 hours aging of the neat resin, the glass transition temperature was changed less than 1% by DSC test, and the weight gain was 1.55% increase with the diffusion coefficient $7\times10^{-6}m/s^2$ and the fracture toughness was decreased about 41%. After 100 hours fully saturated aging of the ${[+45/0/-45/90]}_s$ K3B/IM7 laminates in $80^{\circ}C$ water, the weight gain was 0.41% increase with the diffusion coefficient $1\times10^{-6}m/s^2$. In 100 hours, the loss of the fracture toughness of the laminates was 43.8% of the original toughness by the microcracking fracture toughness criterion. Therefore, the main factor to degrade the microcracking toughness of the laminates could be the degradation of the matrix fracture toughness.
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외상 센터에서의 외상 진료 시스템 도입에 따른 변화: 단일 외상 센터에서의 초기 경험
김형원 ( Hyung Won Kim ),홍태화 ( Tae Hwa Hong ),이승환 ( Seung Hwan Lee ),정명재 ( Myung Jae Jung ),이재길 ( Jae Gil Lee ) 대한외상학회 2015 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.28 No.4
Purpose: To evaluate the influence of how the trauma care system is applied on the management of trauma patients. Methods: We divided the patients into a pre-trauma system group and a post-trauma system group according to the time when we began to apply the trauma care system in our institution. We compared the general characteristics, injury severity score, initial response time to the trauma patients, number of preventable deaths, and clinical outcomes between the two groups. Results: The numbers of patients in the pre-trauma system group and the post-trauma system group were 188 and 257, respectively. No differences in the patient’s median ages, trauma scores (ISS, RTS, TRISS) and proportions of severe trauma patients (ISS>15) were observed between the two groups. The number and the proportion of patients who were admitted to our hospital were increased in the post-trauma system group. The time interval from trauma CP activation to emergency surgery or angio-embolization, and the patient’s time spent in emergency room were shortened in the posttrauma system group. However, the lengths of the ICU stay and the hospital stay, and the number of in-hospital mortalities were not improved in the post-trauma system group. In severe trauma patients (ISS>15), there were no differences between the two groups in the number and the proportion of admitted patients, and the time interval from trauma CP activation to performing a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure was not shortened in the post-trauma system group. Conclusion: Application of the trauma care system has shortened the time between the initial response and patient management. However, this improvement was not enough to result in better clinical outcomes. More trauma physicians, multidisciplinary cooperation, and a well-organized trauma management process will be needed if the maximum efficacy of the trauma system is to be achieved. [ J Trauma Inj 2015; 28: 241-247 ]
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B 형 간염백신의 면역성에 관한 3 년간 추적 관찰 - 소아와 성인의 면역성을 중심으로 -
김형원(Hyung Won Kim),김현수(Hyun Soo Kim),양동온(Dong On Yang),김세종(Sei Jong Kim) 대한내과학회 1990 대한내과학회지 Vol.39 No.2
N/A This study was performed to assess the effects of HB vaccination and the time of secondary boosting in adults and children. Anti-HBs persistence and boosting responses of plasma derived HB vaccine were estimated for a consecutive three years-follow-up in 12 adults (over 16 years old) and 16 children (under 15 years old) who were negative for five HBV markers with normal transaminase levels hefore immunization, The vaccinations were done at O, lst, and the 6th month for anti-HBs negative persons. The serum transaminases were checked with enzyme kinetic method, The HBs Ag and anti-HBs were checked with EIA technique (mIU/ml) quantitatively at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th, 24th, and 36th month after primary immunization. The positivities of anti-HBs (over 10 mIU/ml) were 149 at 1st month, 43% at 3rd month, 71%. at 6th month, 93% at 9th month, 93%at 12th month and 79% at 24th month, respectively, The serum levels of anti-HBs showed a progressively decreasing tendency over the course of time. All six anti-HBs negative cases at the 24th month were adults. After secondary boosting immunization for these six cases at the 24th month, the positivities of anti-HBs were remarkably increased to 9395 at the 36th month. In the adult group, The positivities of serum anti-HBs were 17% at the 1st month, 33% at the 3rd month, 50% at the 6th month, 83% at the 9th month, 83% at the 12th month and 50% at the 24th month. After secondary boosting immunization for six cases, the positivity of anti-HBs was 83% (5/6), and the overall positivity of anti-HBs was 92% at the 36th month. In the children group, the positivities of anti-HBs were 1396 at the 1st month, 50% at the 3rd month, 88% at the 6th month, 10% at the 9th month, 100% at the 12th month, 100% at the 24th month and 94% at the 36th month, respectively. The serum anti-HBs was negative only in one case at the 36th month.
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김형원(Hyung-Won Kim),오종윤(Jong_Yun Oh) 한국추진공학회 2009 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.5
A design of a subscale solid propellant rocket motor was conducted to do the similitude experiments for the large scale rocket motor. One of the main factor to subscale was the mach number of the solid propellant flume through a nozzle exit The analysis of the flume flow was done to obtain the mach number for the large and subscale rocket motor. The flume shapes on the non dimensional axises by the nozzle exit diameter was matched each other. The propellant grain of a subscale solid rocket motor was designed by the profile of pressure vs time obtained by the mach number of the flume shape. Some analyses of the theoretical solution were compared with the results of the ground static test.
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김형원 ( Hyung Won Kim ),정주현 ( Joo Hyun Chung ) 한국기초조형학회 2011 기초조형학연구 Vol.12 No.1
기아자동차는 현대자동차 그룹 내의 완성차 업체로서 국내 자동차 산업에 있어서 높은 위치를 선점하고 있다. 최근 기아자동차는 전 세계적인 자동차 산업의 생산기술의 평준화 및 공급과잉 현상을 인식하고, 이에 따라서 새로운 경쟁력을 갖추기 위하여 고부가가치 산업인 디자인 분야의 개발을 회사의 주 경영방침으로 선택하였다. 이러한 변화는 전 세계적인 불황으로 생산규모가 축소되는 자동차 산업과는 반대로, 국내 및 해외 판매량에서 높은 성장을 보이며 글로벌 메이커로서의 입지를 강화하는 결과를 낳았다. 본 조사에서는 기아자동차의 초창기부터 현재까지의 승용차 디자인의 역사에 대하여 간략하게 알아보고, 최근 경영 패러다임을 전환한 이후 인테리어와 익스테리어 디자인 및 이 밖의 여러 가지 디자인 경향에 대하여 분석하였다. 또한 근래에 출시한 컨셉트 카를 통하여 그들이 추구하는 디자인 방향에 대하여 조사하였다. Kia Motors Corp. stands high in Korean automobile industry as a car maker involved in Hyudai Motor Company. Recently, Kia perceives standardization of production technology of worldwide automobile industry and oversupply, and accordingly they selected development of design, a high value industry as the main management policy to have new competitiveness. Such a change shows a high increase in domestic and overseas sales and contributes to strengthening the position as a global maker despite decreasing production due to a worldwide slump. This study looked into Kia automotive design history shortly from the beginning to the present and analyzed interiors and exterior designs after recent management paradigm has changed as well as other various design trends. In addition, it investigated the design direction that they pursue through the recently released concept car.
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