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- 저자 : 김형남(Hyung-Nam Kim) (검색결과 82 건)
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경피신경 자극과 미세전류신경근 자극이 $\beta-endorphin$ 과 동통역치에 미치는 영향
김형남,박래준,Kim Hyung-Nam,Park Rae-Joon 대한물리치료학회 1997 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.9 No.1
The purpose of this study was to examine the amount of $\beta-endorphin$ and pain threshold according to time sequences in applying experimented TENS and MENS(pre treatment, posttreatment, 25 minutes after the treatment). This test was to aim at showing the effects of the experimental $\beta-endorphin$ and pain threshold applied to the randomly selected twenty healthy men in their twenties. The subjects were divided into two group(ten for TENS and the other ten MENS). The results obtained are as follows : 1. There was no significant difference in the $\beta-endorphin$ between TENS and HENS(p>0.05). There was no difference in the pain threshold at pretreatment and posttreatment(p>0.05), but there was some difference at 25 minutes after the treatment(p<0.05). 2. The group of TENS in the experimental $\beta-endorphin$ had the highest level of $14.40{\pm}3.098$ at posttreatment, but the level decreased a little according to time passed. And in the experimental pain threshold, the level went to the highest plateau of $2.92{\pm}0.483$ at 25 minutes after the treatment. 3. The group of MENS in the experimental $\beta-endorphin$ had the highest plateau of $14.20{\pm}3.967$ at posttreatment, but the level decreased a bit according to time passed also. And in the experimental pain threshold, the level went to the highest plateau of $2.49{\pm}0.617$ posttreatment. 4. There were some differences of the experimental $\beta-endorphin$ in TENS group at pretreatment and posttreatment(p<0.05). There were some differences in the experimental pain threshold between pretreatment and posttreatment as well as between pretreatment and 25 minutes after the treatment(p<0.05) MENS did not influence the experimental $\beta-endorphin$ and pain threshold. This experiment showed that TENS increased the levels of the experimental $\beta-endorphin$ at posttreatment and increased the levels of the experimental pain threshold untill 25 minutes after the treatment. Therefore, the time of sustaining pain in TENS group was longer than that of MENS group. Also, MENS showed that it increased each level of the experimental $\beta-endorphin$ and pain threshold, but these levels were not statistically meaningful.
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김형남,김영호,Kim Hyung-Nam,Kim Young-Ho 대한용접접합학회 2005 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.23 No.1
An analytical method for determining the thermal stress distributions in a 3-layered beam is developed, which is focused on the end effects. This method gives the stress distributions which satisfy the stress-free boundary condition at the end completely. For verification of the method, a numerical example which was introduced by other researchers is treated. The stress distributions agree with the results of other researchers. The results show that the show and peeling stresses at the interfaces are significant near the edge and become negligible in the interior region.
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$1920{\sim}1960$년대 제주시 주택의 변천에 관한 연구
김형남,Kim, Hyung-Nam 한국주거학회 2007 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.18 No.1
Houses in Jeju city are divided into separated types and combination types of household affairs space. Other special types are separated-kitchen type. Separated household affairs space type is mostly built. Separated household affairs space type were sitting room + Gopang separate type and separate sitting room type. Combination household affairs space type made from sitting room, kitchen, Gopang and Chabang(Dinning room) put together as space differentiation, also into classes sitting room + kitchen + Gopang + Chabang type, sitting room + kitchen + Chabang type, sitting room + kitchen + Gopang, sitting room + kitchen type by combination household cares space type. Separated-kitchen type was one of the special type from separated-kitchen type of traditional housing, and type with continuous. Houses in Jeju city were 3 kan type and 4 kan type. 4kan type was mostly built. ㅡ shape is kept as plan shaped of straight shape, and roof shape is showed as ㅡ shape gathering roof. ㅡ shape + part projection type talls part projecting type as happened in Gopang, and Chabang. Roof is gathering roof, and when it is showed ㄱ shape by Gopang, Chabang, and kitchen are projected. ㅡ shape + total projection shape is one of the room become totally projected by Gopang and Chabang, can be happen with small room or kitchen, and roof as gathering roof shaped with ㅡ shape, ㄱ shape, ㄷ shape, unsystematic ㄹ shape, and various shapes.
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김형남(KIM, Hyung Nam) 유럽헌법학회 2010 유럽헌법연구 Vol.8 No.-
국회의 자율권(自律權)은 권력분립(separation of powers)의 원리에 의해 다른 부(府, branch)의 간섭을 받지 않고 의회의 회의 진행, 즉 의사(議事)와 내부사항을 독자적으로 결정할 수 있는 권한을 말한다. 또한 국회의 자율권은 권력분립원리에 입각하여 국회의 기능을 보장하기 위한 것이다. 이러한 자율권의 내용으로는 규칙제정권, 내부조직 구성과 재정의 자율권, 의사의 자율권, 의원신분에 관한 자율권 등으로 나누어 볼 수 있다. 특히 국회는 의원신분에 관한 자율권을 가지게 된다. 즉 국회는 의원 자격을 심사하고 징계도 할 수 있다. 국회의 의원자격심사권은 피선권의 유무 등 의원자격요건을 심사하는 권한이다. 의원이 다른 의원의 자격에 대하여 이의가 있을 때에는 30인 이상의 연서로 자격심사를 의장에게 청구할 수 있다. 의원자격 없음을 의결하는 경우 재적의원 3분의 2 이상의 찬성이 있어야 한다. 징계권에는 제명이 포함되며 제명에는 재적의원 3분의 2 이상의 찬성이 있어야 한다. 자격심사와 징계에 대해서는 법원에 제소할 수 없다. 바로 이 부분이 국회의 자율권 문제에서 논란이 많은 문제이다. 예를 들어, 제명당한 국회의원은 법원이나 헌법재판소에 전혀 제소를 할 수 없다는 것인지 아니면 예외적으로 제소를 할 수 있는 방법이 있는지에 대해 살펴볼 필요가 있는 것이다. 이는 미국 연방의회의 경우에서도 충분히 발생할 수 있는 일이다. 연방의회가 소속 의원을 제명하는 등의 사건이 발생한 경우, 제명을 당한 당사자는 부득불 재판기관인 법원에 제소하는 경우도 있을 것이다. 이렇게 되면 사법부와 입법부의 충돌은 불을 보듯 명백한 일이 된다. 즉, 재판전문기관인 법원은 아무리 의회의 내부적인 결정권 행사라고 하더라도 일정 범위를 벗어나 위법하다는 의심이 들면 재판의 대상이 되게 하려는 의지를 가지기 때문이다. 비교적 오랜 세월동안 잘 정비된 의회제도를 가지고 있는 미국에서는 이러한 경향은 더욱 강하게 존재한다. 미국의 법관들은 의원(congressman)들이 의사당에 제출한 문건이나 어떤 행동, 발언 등에 민감한 반응을 보이는 것이 미국의 오래된 법적 관행이라고 볼 수 있기 때문이다. 우리 헌법재판소는 전술한 바와 같이 단순히 국회 자율권의 한계를 ‘헌법과 법률’임을 밝히고 있는데, 이는 너무 광범위하여 국회 자율권을 혹시라도 상시 위협하고 있다는 느낌을 줄 정도라고 생각한다. 이러한 태도보다는 미국 연방대법원이 의원자격에 관한 연방헌법 제1조 제2항의 ‘연령, 시민권, 거주기간’ 심사요건만을 일관되게 적용하는 것처럼 이를 엄격하게 해석하는 것이 법치주의의 한 요소인 명확성의 원칙에 합치되는 것이라고 본다. In the absence of judicial enforcement of the constitutional boundaries, the U. S. Congress has usually attempted to utilize self-help to constrain executive power. These attempts will take two types. First, Congress has occasionally enacted framework or quasi-constitutional statutes designed to establish guidelines for executive-legislative interaction over a range of cases. Second, Congress has more frequently attempted to use the devices as its disposal to control executive authority in individual cases. Although these techniques are well designed to enforce constitutional boundaries, they also raise constitutional questions of their own. As you know, constitutional boundary means the U. S. Constitution itself. In order to investigate the qualification of congressmen, the courts should apply strict scrutiny. Namely, the court must do with the Article 1, Clause 2 of the U. S. Constitution. So this device will be well adopted to the principle of rule of law.
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김형남(Kim, Hyung-Nam),이상범(Lee, Sang-Bum) 한국체육과학회 2016 한국체육과학회지 Vol.25 No.5
The purpose of this study was to analyze the market environment gap index(MGI) between managers and customers of public camping facility. so it is develop a management strategy for efficient management with analyze the market environment mistaken index. To achieve the aims of this research were collected by using convenience sampling method from customer(n=204) and employees(n=51) in 5 public camping facilities around Gyeonggido area. The content validity and reliability of questionnaire were performed by SPSS Ver. 19.0. Moreover frequency analysis and t-test were used statistical package in order to analyze the MGI difference between customer and employees. Administrators and consumer perception gap analysis of the market environment for public camping facilities are as follows. First, Community awareness has been identified difference(+1.455) so it was adopted, Second Operating environment of the management operations has been identified difference (-.7962), convenience facilities has been identified difference(+.920) so they were adopted, but staff service was rejected. This research shows that public camping facility equipped with good facilities(operating environment, convience facilities) and good community awareness are very important. In addition to public camping facilities are a close relationship with local residents, it is important to agree to local residents for the progress direction of municipalities. Therefore, coordinated public camping facilities at a reasonable direction is required during installation.
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김형남(Kim Hyung-Nam) 성균관대학교 법학연구소 2005 성균관법학 Vol.17 No.2
In General the Supreme Court's power to grant or deny certiorari, which means an order to a lower court to send up the records in a case, is fully discretionary. But the Court's choice of cases is not random. This leads one to question whether, as is sometimes claimed, the Court is a passive body waiting until somebody brings a ‘case or controversy’ for decision. A discretionary jurisdiction court like the Supreme Court is active. The ability to pick and choose cases makes it like fisherman of cases. The Court can't place fish in the stream: that is, it can't create a lawsuit where none exists, but it may stimulate others to stock the stream when the Court's pattern of granting review or the justices' statements prompt litigation to resolve previously undecided or currently unsettled issues. By custom, the Supreme Court's certiorari is granted by a vote of at least four justices. This is called the Rule of Four that had been also applicable to decisions to note probable jurisdiction in an appeal. After all the granting of certiorari is discretionary but not random. In the sense of protecting wide suing for constitutional matter, the Supreme Court's certiorari is so well accepted. So I would like to suggest the Korean Constitutional Court should adopt not certiorari's style but it's value.
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