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복숭아씨살이좀벌(Eurytoma maslovskii )에 의한 전남지역 매실 피해현황, 발생생태 및 방제적기
최덕수,고숙주,마경철,김효정,김도익,김현우,Choi, Duck-Soo,Ko, Sug-Ju,Ma, Kyeong-Cheul,Kim, Hyo-Jeong,Kim, Do-Ik,Kim, Hyeun-Woo 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.54 No.3
복숭아씨살이좀벌(Eurytoma maslovskii)에 의한 전남지역 매실 낙과피해는 해안지역인 완도, 신안, 여수, 무안을 제외한 전 지역에 발생하였고 평균 피해과율은 2013년 67%, 2014년 33.3%였다. 이 씨살이좀벌은 매실 씨방에서 노숙유충으로 월동을 하는데 7, 8월의 장마철을 지나며 생존율이 30% 내외가 되었다. 알은 길이 0.68 mm, 폭 0.29 mm의 유백색이며 장타원형으로 양 끝부분에 실모양의 돌기를 붙이고 있다. 다 자란 노숙유충은 길이 6.56 mm, 폭 3.18 mm이다. 번데기는 검정색 나용이고, 성충은 암 6.97 mm, 수 4.90 mm이고 암컷의 산란관 길이는 0.64 mm 였다. 성충 우화시기는 4월 상순(매실 직경 4 mm)~5월 상순(17 mm)이고, 우화 최성기는 4월 중순이었다. 성충의 평균수명은 13.5일이고, 암수성비는 45.9 : 54.1이다. 과일당 평균 산란수는 1개 61.5%, 2개 30.8%이고 최대 4개까지 산란하였지만 동종포식에 의해 최종적으로 1마리의 유충만 서식한다. 성충의 매실에 산란시기는 4월 하순(직경 12~16 mm)이며 그 후에는 씨방벽이 딱딱하게 경화되어 유충이 씨방으로 침투가 어려워진다. 따라서 성충의 산란을 예방하기 위한 방제적기는 4월 중순부터 5일 간격으로 2~3회 적용약제를 살포하는 것이다. Fruit drop due to Eurytoma maslovskii infestations of Japanese apricot (Prunus mume) is a serious economic issue in most parts of Jeonnam Province, with the exception of the coastal areas such as Wando, Shinan, Yeosu, and Muan. The average incidence of fruit drop was 67% in 2013 and 33.3% in 2014. E. maslovskii larvae overwinter inside the pits of Japanese apricots. Larval survival rates decrease to less than 30% after a rainy summer season. The eggs are long oval of 0.68 mm, 0.29 mm and ivory white. Mature larva is of 6.56 mm, 3.18 mm. Free pupa are black, adult females and males of 6.97 mm, 4.90 mm lengths, respectively, while the ovipositor is 0.64 mm in length. Adult emergence occurs from early April to early May, when Japanese apricot fruits are from 4 mm to 17 mm in diameter. Adults persist for 13.5 d after emergence, and the sex ratio of females to males was found th be 45.9:54.1. Although up to four eggs may be oviposited per fruit, only one larva will ultimately survive, ans the larvae are cannibalistic. The period during which E. maslovskii is able to oviposit on Japanese apricots only lasts from mid- to late April (fruit diameter: 12~16 mm). When the diameter of the fruit is >16 mm, the pit of the Japanese apricot hardens and larvae have difficultly penetrating the stone. Therefore, the most effective method of controlling this pest is to spray orchards with a control agent 2~3 times, at 5 d intervals, beginning in mid- April.
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좁은가슴잎벌레 (Phaedon brassicae)에 의한 배추피해 및 온도별 발육기간
최덕수 ( Duck Soo Choi ),고숙주 ( Sug Ju Ko ),마경철 ( Kyeong Cheul Ma ),김도익 ( Do Ik Kim ),김현우 ( Hyeun Woo Kim ) 한국토양동물학회 2015 한국토양동물학회지 Vol.19 No.1
This study was conducted to investigate the morphological characteristics, occurrence ecology and damage of chinese cabbage by Daikon leaf beetle (Phaedon brassicae) which is a serious pests of brassicaceous vegetables in Jeonnam province. Egg length is 0.97 mm, width 0.42 mm, yellowish long oval type. Larva looks like a larva of ladybug, has many black spots on body and molt 3 times. Pupal length is 3.49 mm, width 2.23 mm, light yellow. The adult body size of a female is 3.96 mm, male 3.64 mm, both are shiny dark blue. Developmental periods from egg to adult was 30.8, 23.5, 19.5, 17.4, 16.2 days at 18, 21, 24, 27, 30℃ of constant temperature condition (14L-10D), respectively. As the temperature was higher, developmental periods were shortened. From 18 to 30℃ adult alive above 90 days. But the larva can not live above 33℃. Developmental zero point of egg, 1st larva, 2nd larva, 3rd larva and pupa was 0.11, 14.08, 3.88, 0.02, 0.11℃ respectively. The relationship between temperature and development rate was expressed by linear equation (Y=0.0024X- 0.0097, R(2)=0.9739). From egg to eclosion the developmental zero point was 4.04℃ and effective accumulative temperature was 407.6 days-degree. Adult and larva of Phaedon brassicae make hole by nibble away the leaves of Chinese cabbage. When inoculated 5 adults of Phaedon brassicae per pot, the number of ankertrass was 19, 65, 113 on 1, 2, 3 days after, respectively. Average number of ankertrass by adult was 5.9 a day. When low density of Phaedon brassicae damaged more than high density.
ScienceON
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