압력센서를 이용한 수중항만공사 로봇의 실린더 길이 측정에 관한 연구

김치효,김태성,이민기 한국항해항만학회 2012 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.공동학술

진통제의 최근 개발동향

김치효 藥業新聞社 1993 醫藥情報 Vol.1993 No.8

구개열 성형술을 위한 전신마취중 동맥혈 가스 분석치의 변화

김치효 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1990 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.13 No.3

Hypercarbia during anesthesia are releated to the severity of airway obstruction, and to the increase of carbon dioxide production and rebreathing. Even when ventilation appears to be adequate, rebreathing may cause hypercarbia when the dead space of the apparatus is excessive, when very low gas flows(<3.0 L/min) are used in Jackson-Ress or Bain circuits, or as a result of defective carbon dioxide absorption in a circle system. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of head position and intubation method on the arterial blood gas analysis values. Arterial blood gas analysis (PH, PaCO_2, PaO_2, oxygen saturation and base excess) were performed at 30 minutes after the endotracheal intubation, 5 minutes before the end of surgery and 30 minutes after endotracheal extubation. The results were obtained as follows ; 1) At 30 minutes after the endotracheal intubation, the PH, PaCO_2, base excess values in group 2 were significantly different from the values in group 1 and 3, the PaCO_2 value was highly significant increased in group 2 but the PaO_2 and oxygen saturation values had no statistical significance in any group. 2) At the 5 minutes before the end of surgery, the PH, PaCO_2, PaO_2 values in group 2 were significantly different from the values in group 1 and 3, but the oxygen saturation and base excess values had no satistical signigicance in any group. 3) At 30 minutes after the endotracheal extubation, the PH, PaCO_2, PaO_2, oxygen saturation, base excess values had no satistical significance in any group

개에서 Isoflurane과 Nitroglycerin을 이용한 유도 저혈압 마취중 심혈관계의 변화

김치효 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1990 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.13 No.4

Nitroglycerin(NTG) can be used intravenously to induced hypotension. NTG has a short plasma half-life, is easy to control, and has no direct toxic effect or toxic metabolites. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of nitroglycerine-induced hypotension on the hemodynamics during isoflurane-N_2O-O_2 anesthesia in dogs. Hemodynamic measurement(left ventricular pressure, aortic pressure, pulmonary wedge pressure, pulmonary artery pressure. heart rate, cardiac output, maximal and minimal dP/dT) were determined in 8 dogs at 30min after induction(baseline values), 15min after isoflurane-N_2O-O_2 inhalation(1 MAC, FIO_2 0.5), 15min after intravenous NTG adminstration and 15min after the termination of isoflurane-NTG. 1) At 15min after isoflurane-N_2O-O_2 inhalation, left ventricular pressure, aortic pressure, maximal dP/dT values were decreased, and heart rate was increased significantly compared to baseline values. but pulmonary wedge pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, cardiac output and minimal dP/dT did not changes significantly. 2) At 15min after Ⅳ NTG administration, left ventricular pressure, aortic pressure, pulmonary wedge pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, cardiac output and miximal dP/dT were decreased, minimal dP/dT was increased significantly compared to the previous values. 3) At the termination of isoflurane-NTG, left ventricular pressure, aortic pressure, pulmonary wedge pressure, cardiac output and maximal dP/dT were increased, minimal dP/dT was decreased significantly compared to the previous values, but left ventricular pressure, aortic pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure were lower than the the baseline valus.

임신중독증 환자에서 제왕절개술을 위한 전신마취시 임상적 연구 : Clinical Study in Laboratory Findings and SignIficance

김치효 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1990 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.46 No.-

Preeclampsia is a significant maternal disease manifested by functional derangement of multiple organs. The incidence of preeclampsia varies from region to region, occurring in approximately 0.2∼3.2% of all pregnancies. Although the etiology of preeclampsia is unknown, the possible underlying mechanism may be an imbalance in the production of prostacyclin and thromboxane. Also, te possibility of an immunologic disorder between the mother and the placenta has been debated. The author report the laboratory observations, antihypertensive therapy and anesthetic management from 140 cases of mild and severe preeclampsia, and 70 cases of normal pregnancy. The purpose of the present report is 1) to outline a labolatory profile of preeclampsia patient, and to offer a laboratory comparison with normal pregnant women 2) to determine if the labolatory findings and the therapy for preeclampsia have any clinical anesthetic significance. There were significant differences in average body weight of mother and duration of pregnancy in each group. In patients with preeclampsia, total protein, albumin, calcium values were decreased, but BUN, creatinine, uric acid values were increased significantly. The platelet counts were significantly decreased in group 3, and FDP values were greater than 10ug/ml in 24 cases of group 3. The abnormal findings on chest PA occurred in 12 cases of group 3, involving pulmonary edema in 4 cases. The abnormal findings on EKG occurred in 26 cases of group 3, involving myocardial ischemia in 10 cases and sinus tachycardia in 7 cases. The perioperative hypertension was treated with hydralazine and phenobarbital in 58.6% of group 2, with hydralazine, phenobarbital and magnesium sulfate in 38.6% of group 3. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure in group 2 and 3 were significantly increased compared to group 1. For the relaxation of muscle during anesthesia, vecuronium bromide was used in 85.7% of group 1 and 61.4% of group 2, but SCC dripping was used in 64.3% of group 3. The average body weight of neonate was decreased in group 3, of the 70 neonates, 25 cases were lower than 2.5㎏. The Apgar score in 1 min and 5 min were significantly decreased in group 3. The most common postoperative complication was anemin in all group, and pulmonary edema occurred in one case of group 3.

노인마취에서 폐기능 검사 소견 및 마취방법이 동맥혈 가스 분석치에 미치는 영향

김치효 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1991 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.14 No.4

Postoperative hypoxemia in elderly patients caused to suffer tissue hypoxia and injury to vital organs. Thirty-two elderly patients over 65 years age with normal or abnormal findings in pulmonary function test were at random either epidural analgesia with 2% lidocaine and 0.5% bupivacaine or general anesthesia with diazepam, pethidine, pancuronium or vecuronium. N_20 / 0_2 for lower abdominal or lower extremity surgery. The arterial blood gas analysis was performed at preanesthetic, 30min after extubation(or 30min after the end of surgery in epidural analgesia groups) and postoperative lday. The results were as follows: 1) In general anesthesia group with normal findings in pulmonary function test(PET). the PH decreased, and PaCO_2 increased on 30min after extubation compared to preanesthetic values, but the PH increased, and base excess decreased significantly on the postoperative lday. 2) In epidural analgesia group with normal findings in PFT, the values of arterial blood gas analysis were no changed on 30min after the end of surgery and postoperative lday compared to preanesthetic values. 3) In general anesthesia group with abnormal findings in PFT, the PaCO_2 increased, and Pa0_2 and oxygen saturation decreased significantly on 30min after extubation, but the PH increased, Pa0_2 remained reduced on the postoperative lday compared to preanesthetic values. 4) In epidural analgesia group with abnormal findings in PFT, the values of arterial blood gas analysis were no changed on 30min after the end of surgery, but the PH increased, PaCO_2 decreased significantly on the postoperative lday compared to preanesthetic values. It appears from these findings that epidural analgesia is preferable to general anesthesia in lower abdominal or low extremity surgery for elderly patients with abnormal findings in PFT.

Pethidine-Diazepam-Nitrous Oxide을 이용한 균형마취후 Doxapram 투여가 심폐기능에 미치는 영향

김치효 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1992 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.15 No.2

Doxapram is a central and peripheral respiratory stimulant that has been primarily used to counteract postanesthetic respiratory depression. Administration of opioid in doses sufficient to produce anesthesia is invariably associated with respiratory depression. While opioid-induced depression can be reversed by appropriate specific opioid antagonists, it has not been possible to nullify the respiratory depressant effects of a opioid without simultaneously nullifying the analgesic effects. The purpose in the present study was to determined whether doxapram is able to reverse the respiratory depressant effects of balanced anesthesia with pethidine-diazepam-nitrous oxide. Of a total of 30 patients. the control group of 15 patients was given saline lml, and the other 15 patients(doxapram group) were given doxapram hydrochloride 20mg intravenously, and observed blood pressure, heart rate, tidal volume, respiratory rate and arterial blood gas analysis. In doxapram group(group Ⅱ). systolic arterial pressure was significantly increased 1minute after administration and heart rate increased 3minute after administration. Tidal volume significantly increased from 4.8±1.0 to 6.0±l.0㎖/㎏, but little change in respiratory rate in doxapram group. PaO_2 significantly decreased in control group(group Ⅰ) compared to doxapram group 30minute after administration, but not difference in pH, PaCO_2, base excess and oxygen saturation between control and doxapram group.

신생아 기흉 29 예의 통계적 고찰

김치효 대한마취과학회 1986 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.19 No.4

수중 거리 측정을 위한 초음파 센서의 개발

김치효,김태성,정준하,이진형,이민기,장인성,신창주 한국항해항만학회 2013 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.춘계

본 연구는 수중 거리 측정을 위한 초음파 센서를 개발한다. 초음파 트랜스듀서는 음파를 발신하고 발신된 음파가 물체에 부딪혀 되돌아오는 반사파를 수신한다. 초음파 드라이버는 반사된 물체까지 거리 측정을 위해 음파의 비행시간을 검출해 음속을 곱한다. 본 연구에서는 비행시간을 검출하기 위해 임계값과 상호 상관 기법을 적용하고 그 결과를 보인다. 반사파가 노이즈에 감염되어 신호의 형태가 왜곡될 때 상호상관 기법은 기준 신호와 수신 신호의 유사성을 이용하여 비행시간을 검출한다. 기준 신호를 수중 환경에 따라 다르게 적용해 반사파와 유사성을 높여 센서의 성능을 향상시킨다. 논문에서는 초음파 센서 드라이버를 설명하고 실험환경에 따른 센서의 성능을 분석한다. This research develops an ultrasonic sensor to measure the distance in underwater. The ultrasonic transducer transmits an acoustic signal to an object and receives the echo signal reflected from the object. The ultrasonic driver calculates a distance by multiplying the acoustic speed to the time of flight(TOF) which is the time necessary for the acoustic signal to travel from the transducer to the object. We apply a thresholding and a cross correlation methods to detect the TOF and show their results. When an echo pulse is corrupted with noise and its shape is distorted, the cross correlation method is used to find the TOF based on the maximum similarity between the reference and the delayed echo signals. The echoes used for the reference signal are achieved at the different environments, which improves the performance of the sensor. This paper describes the driver of the acoustic sensor and analyzes the performance of sensors in different measurement environments.

가토에서 무호흡 유도후 Sodium Bicarbonate투여가 산염기 상태에 미치는 영향

김치효 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1992 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.15 No.4

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO_3) has been used in the treatment of metabolic acidosis for more than 50 years until about 1980. and has almost become a matter or routine. But in most patients with cardiac arrest, shock or sepsis, impaired tissue oxygen delivery is the primary cause of lactic acid accumulation and the administration of sodium bicarbonate dose not appear to affect the underlying tissue hypoxia and is generally not successful in improving either acidotic state or clinical status. The purpose in the present study was to examine the effect of sodium bicarbonate on acid base start in case of resuscitation of cardiopulmonary arrest state due to apnea combined with respiratory and metabolic acidosis. Of a total of 12 rabbits, the control group(n=6) was given normal saline 3㎖. and the experimental group(n=6) was given 5% sodium bicarbonate 3㎖ immediately after the induction of apnea intravenously. Arterial and venous blood gas analysis was done. and arterial hemoglobin. K^+. uric acid. lactic acid and glucose levels were measured immediately before the induction of apnea. immediately after the induction of apnea. 10 min and 30 min after the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The data were statistically compared & analysed with following results 1) In the control group arterial and venous blood gas analysis showed decreased values of pH. P0_2, oxygen saturation and base excess and increased value of PCO_2 immediately after the induction of apena(p<0.001) compared to contol values(preapnea values), and all measures except bicarbonate concentration and base excess returned to normal ranges after CPR. Arterial K^+ levels increased, glucose levels decreased compared to contol values immediatelv after the induction of apnea(p<0.05). 2) In the experimental group, arterial and venous blood gas analysis showed similar changes in all parameters immediately after the induction of apnea. and at 10 mm after CPR, pH, PO_2, oxygen saturation arid base excess decreased compared to control value, But PCO_2 increased(p<0.001). At 30 min after CPR. pH remained decreased but PCO_2 remained increased compared to the control values(p<0.001). Arterial K^+ level increased immediately after the induction of apena and lactic acid level increased immediately after the induction of apnea. 10 and 30 min after CPR compared to control values(p<0.05). 3) In the experimental group. arterial and venous blood pH. P0_2 oxygen saturation were lower. but PCO_2 was higher at 10 min after CPR compared to control group(p<0.05). At 30 min after CPR. venous blood pH was lower. and arterial and venous PCO_2 were higher compared to control group(p<0.05). Arterial K^+ level at 10 min after CPR and lactic acid level at 10 and 30 min after CPR were higher compared to control group( p<0.05 ).