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조피볼락(Sebastes schlegeli) 치어의 산소소비, 암모니아 질소배설 및 체조성에 미치는 사료내 에너지/단백질비의 영향
김창한 ( Chang Han Kim ),진평 ( Pyung Chin ) 한국수산학회 1995 한국수산과학회지 Vol.28 No.4
일정한 에너지를 함유한 사료내의 에너지/단백질의 비를 11.5, 8.7, 7.0으로 각기 다르게 제조한 사료를 조피볼락, S. schlegeli의 치이에 공급시킨 후 24시간동안 2시간 간격으로 산소소비율과 암모니아 질소배설률을 측정하고 어체를 분석하여 이들에 미치는 사료 내 에너지/단백질비의 영향을 알아보았다. 사료 Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ을 각각 공급시킨 실험군의 평균산소소비율은 각각 0.93±0.02a, 0.92±0.02а, 1.03±0.03b ml O2/g/h이었다. 즉, 사료 III 공급군의 평균산소소비율이 다른 사료공급군에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 사료 공급후 24시간동안 평균 암모니아 질소배설률은 사료내 에너지/단백질비가 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며, 사료 Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ의 공급군에서 평균 암모니아 배설률은 각각 9.14±0.39а, 12.41±0.53b, 14.89±0.55c μg N/g/h로 나타났고 각 실험군간의 평균암모니아 배설률값들은 모두 유의한 차를 보이고 있다(P<0.05). 어체내 단백질 함량은 사료 Ⅱ의 공급군에서 62.0%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 사료 Ⅰ, II 공급군에 비해 유하게 높았다(P<0.05). 그리고 체내 지질 함량은 사료 II의 공급군에서 16.0%로 가장 낮게 나타났고, 사료 I의 공급군에서는 23.2%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 회분함량은 에너지/단백질비가 낮아짐에 따라 약간씩 증가하며 탄수화물 함량은 사료 Ⅰ에서 5.51%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 그러나 지질, 회분 및 탄수화물의 함량은 사료 Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ의 공급군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). 따라서 본 실험에서는 사료 Ⅱ가 생리학적인 측면에서 관찰한 결과 조피볼락 치어에 대해 가장 적합한 것으로 여겨진다. Oxygen consumption (OC), ammonia nitrogen (AN) excretion and body composition were measured to study the effects of energy/protein ratio (EPR) on the utilization of protein and energy in juvenile rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli. Juvenile rockfish were divided into three groups that they fed three isocaloric diets (3.5kcal/g) containing 30 (I), 40 (II) or 50% crude protein (III). EPR of the three experimental diets were 11.5 (I), 8.7 (II) and 7.0kcal/g (III), respectively. Juvenile rockfish (wet wt. 2.9~3.1g) were cultured in 501 aquaria with the constant environmental condition of 20~24℃ water temperature and 34‰ salinity. For 24 hr after feeding the diets, juvenile rockfish fed diet III had a higher OC than did the fish from groups fed diets I and II, and average OC of the fish fed diets I, II and III were 0.93±0.02а, 0.92±0.02а and 1.03±0.03b ml O2/g/h, respectively. AN responses of juvenile rockfish to increasing levels of dietary protein (decreasing dietary EPR) were significantly different among three groups in which dietary protein at elevated levels increased the excretion of AN for 24 hr after feeding the diets. Average AN excretion of the fish fed diets I, II and III were 9.14±0.39а, 12.41±0.53b and 14.89±0.55c μg N/g/h, respectively. The body protein content of the fish fed diet II for 59 days was significantly higher than that of the fish fed the other diets. But, there were no significant differences between three groups in body lipid, carbohydrate and ash contents. These results indicate that EPR of 9.7kcal/g (diet II) could be a optimum EPR in juvenile rockfish diet.
압전 캔틸레버 구조를 이용한 도로용 에너지 하베스터의 개발 및 평가
김창일,김경범,전종학,정영훈,조정호,백종후,강인석,이무용,최범진,조영봉,박신서,남산,이영진,Kim, Chang-Il,Kim, Kyung-Bum,Jeon, Jong-Hac,Jeong, Young-Hun,Cho, Jeong-Ho,Paik, Jong-Hoo,Kang, In-Seok,Lee, Moo-Yong,Choi, Beom-Jin,Cho, Young-Bong 한국전기전자재료학회 2012 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.25 No.7
A road energy harvester was designed and fabricated to convert mechanical energy from the vehicle load to electrical energy. The road energy harvester is composed of 24 piezoelectric cantilevers and a vehicle load transfer mechanism. Applying a vehicle load transfer mechanism rather than directly installing energy harvesters under roads decreases the area of road construction and allows more energy harvesters to be installed on the side of the road. The power generation amount with respect to the vehicular velocity change was assessed by installing the vehicle load transfer mechanism and the energy harvester in the form of speed bumps and underground. The energy harvester installed in a speed bump form generated power of 7.61 mW at the vehicular velocity of 20 km/h. Also, power generation of the energy harvester installed in the underground form was 63.9 mW at the vehicular velocity of 28 km/h. Although the number of piezoelectric cantilevers was reduced by 1/3 to 24 in comparison to the previous research results with 72 piezoelectric cantilevers, similar power generation characteristic value was obtained within the vehicular velocity of 20 km/h by altering the vehicle load transfer mechanism and cantilever vibration method.
타입 Ⅱ 최적 정규기저를 갖는 유한체의 새로운 병렬곱셈 연산기
김창한(Chang Han Kim),지성연(Sung Yeon Ji),장상운(Sang-Woon Jang),임종인(Jongin Lim) 한국정보보호학회 2006 정보보호학회논문지 Vol.16 No.4
유한체의 H/W 구현에는 정규기저를 사용하는 것이 효과적이며, 특히 최적 정규기저를 갖는 유한체의 H/W 구현이 가장 효율적이다. 타입 I 최적 정규기저를 갖는 유한체 GF(2<SUP>m</SUP>)은 m 이 짝수이므로 암호학적으로 응용되지 못하는 단점이 있다. 그러나 타입 II 최적 정규기저를 갖는 유한체의 경우는 NIST에서 제안한 ECDSA의 권장 커브 중 GF(2²³³)위에 주어진 것이 있으며, 이 유한체가 타입 II 최적 정규기저를 갖는 등 여러 응용분야에 적용 되는바 효율적인 구현에 관한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 타입 Ⅱ 최적 정규기저를 갖는 유한체 GF(2<SUP>m</SUP>)의 연산을 정규기저로 표현하여 확대체 GF(2<SUP>m</SUP>)의 원소로 나타내어 연산을 하는 새로운 병렬곱셈 연산기를 제안하였으며, 제안한 연산기는 기존의 가장 효율적인 결과들과 동일한 공간 및 시간 복잡도를 갖는 효율적인 연산기이다. In H/W implementation for the finite field, the use of normal basis has several advantages, especially, the optimal normal basis is the most efficient to H/W implementation in GF(2<SUP>m</SUP>). In this paper, we propose a new, simpler, parallel multiplier over GF(2<SUP>m</SUP>) having a type II optimal normal basis, which performs multiplication over GF(2<SUP>m</SUP>) in the extension field GF(2<SUP>m</SUP>). The time and area complexity of the proposed multiplier is same as the best of known type Ⅱ optimal normal basis parallel multiplier.
김창은,박훈,김배연,이동윤,Kim, Chang-Eun,Park, Hoon,Kim, Bae-Yeon,Lee, Dong-Yoon 한국세라믹학회 1990 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.27 No.7
The hydroxyapatite powder was prepared by the precipitation method. The obtained powder was heat-treated and its products were investigated in order to characterize its decomposition process. The powder was Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite with no relation to the Ca/P mole ratio in the initial solution. The obtained hydroxyapatite was thermally decomposed into tricalcium phosphate [Ca3(PO4)2, TCP] after heat-treatment above 80$0^{\circ}C$ and the extent of the decomposition was dependent on the nonstoichiometry of obtained hydroxyapatite, and the resultant hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate maintained stable forms up to 120$0^{\circ}C$. The hydroxyapatite powder had the better stability with the samller the nonstoichinometry of hydroxyapatite. And the quantities of tricalcium phosphate obtained after decomposition were decreased, and also the corresponding decomposition temperatures were increased with decreasing extent of nonstoichiometry in precipitated hydroxyapatite.