흰쥐의 기관 평활근에서 Carbachol과 Epidermal Growth Factor에 의한 수축에 대한 Ketamine의 효과

김지웅,우남식,조성일 대한마취과학회 2000 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.39 No.2

Background: It is well known that ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic, inhibits smooth muscle contractions induced by high KC1 and receptar agonists such as carbachol, histamine and endothelin. It has been reported that the inhibitory effect is mediated by a decrease in Ca^(2+) influx through the plasma membrane in smooth muscle. However, the mechanism of action for ketamine is not fully understood. In the present study, the effect of ketamine on Ca^(2+) -dependent and -independent carbachol and epidermal growth factor (EGF) contractions was investigated in rat tracheal smooth muscle. Methods: Tracheal smooth muscle strips from Sprague-Dawley rats were mounted in an organ bath with physiological salt solution (PSS, pH 7.4, 37℃). When high KC1 and carbachol (1, 10 μM) induced contraction and verapamil and ketamine attenuated contraction, and when EGF or carbachol alone and EGF plus carbachol in Ca free media induced contration and verapamil and ketamine inhibited contration, the changes in tention of the muscle ps were measured. Results: 1) Ketamine inhibited the contractions stimulated by high KC1 (70 mM) and carbachol (1, 10 μM) in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect was more marked in the 1 μM carbachol preparation than in the 10 pM carbachol pvparation. 2) Although the contraction induced by carbachol (1 pM) was attenuated by verapamil (10 μM), a voltage-dependent Ca²+ channel blocker, the degree of inhibition was not complete, but only partial. The verapamil-insensitive portion of the contraction induced by carbachol was completely inhibited by the cumulative application of ketamine. 3) EGF (I mg/ml), a tyrosine kinase-associated growth factor, or carbachol alone did not induce contraction in Ca^(2+) -free PSS (1 mM EGTA). However EGF plus carbachol contracted tracheal smooth muscle in the Ca^(2+)-free media and it was completely inhibited by ketamine but not by verapamil. Conclusions: These results suggest that ketamine inhibits the smooth muscle contraction including both verapamil-sensiti -insensitive Ca^(2+) increments and by Ca^(2+)-independent contraction mechanisms.

인지적 양식 및 스트레스 지각과 월경전기 증상과의 관계

김지웅,이정현,김덕만,이만홍 대한신경정신의학회 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.6

연구목적: 월경전기 증후군의 원인에 관한 많은 가설 중에 여러 인지모델이 제시되어왔다. 즉, 부정적인 인지적 특징을 가진 사람이 월경전기 증상을 더 심하게 겪을 수 있다는 것이다. 본 연구의 목적은 월경전기 증 상을 가진 여성에서 인지적 양식 및 스트레스 지각과 월경전기 증상과의 관계를 알아보고자 시행하였다. 방 법: 18세 이상의 가임기 성인 여성 86명을 대상으로 하여 월경전기 평가서, 역기능적 태도 척도, 자동적 사고척도-부정형, 자동적 사고척도-긍정형, 스트레스 지각 척도를 작성하게 하였다. 이 중 21명은 2개 월간의 전향적인 평가를 통해 월경전 불쾌기분장애로 진단하였다. 각 변수들간의 관계는 Pearson 상관 계수를 구하여 검증하였다. 결 과: 월경전불쾌기분 장애군에서 자동적 사고-부정형(r=.65, p<.01)과 스트레스 지각(r=.52)이 월경전기 증상과 유의미한 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 월경전 불쾌기분장애에 해당하지 않는 대상군에서는 자 동적 사고-부정형(r=.36, p<.01)이 월경전기 증상과 유의미한 상관이 있었다. 결 론: 월경전기 증상은 비적응적인 부정적 인지 요소와 유의한 상관 관계를 보였고, 이러한 경향은 특히 월 경전 불쾌기분장애 환자들에서 보다 두드러지게 관찰되었다. 이와 같은 결과는 월경전기 증후군 및 월경 전 불쾌기분장애에 인지적 요소가 영향을 미침을 시사한다. 또한, 이들 질환의 치료에 있어 인지행동치 료가 효과적일 수 있음을 제시한다. Objectives:The cognitive model has been suggested to explain the pathogenesis of premenstrual syndrome. In this model, it is suggested that negative cognitive style may contribute to the experience of severe premenstrual symptoms. We conducted this study to examine the relationship among cognitive style, perceived stress, and premenstrual symptoms. Method:Eighty six reproductive aged women older than 18 years were included in this study, to complete the Premenstrual Assessment form, Korean version of automatic thoughts Ques-tionnaire- Positive, Korean version of Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Negative, Korean version of Dysfunctional Attitude Scale, Perceived Stress Questionnaire. Among the subjects, twenty one were diagnosed to have a premenstrual dysphoric disorder which was determined by prospective assessment for two months. The relationships among the variables were analyzed by examining Pearson correlation coefficiency. Results:In the subjects without premenstrual dysphoric disorder, there exist significant correlation between the premenstrual symptom and the score of Korean-version of automatic thoughts Questionnaire- Negative(r=.36, p<.01). In the subjects with premenstrual dysphoric disorder, premenstrual symptoms had significant correlation to automatic thoughts Questionnaire-Negative(r=.65, p<.01) and Perceived Stress Questionnaire(r=.52, p<0.01). Conclusion:Our findings show the significant relationship between negative cognitive style and premenstrual symptoms. This relationship was more prominent in the subjects with premenstrual dysphoric disorder compared to ones without it. Our findings suggest that cognitive style and stress perception may influence on the severity of symptoms of premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and that cognitive behavior therapy is a possible effective therapeutic strategy for those with severe premenstrual symptoms

역 V형 가새골조의 내진보강

김지웅,김진구 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2(구조계)

The chevron braced frames designed without considering the unbalanced force induced in floor beams tend to become unstable when they are subjected to a seismic load. To enhance the seismic performance of OCBF chevron braced frames the effect the following three retrofit schemes are investigated: buckling-restrained braces, zipper columns, V-shaped cables. According to analysis results of model structures collapse mechanism occurs in a certain story when they are subjected to design level seismic load. However in the retrofitted structures the plastic hinges are distributed in many stories, and the amount of plastic deformation is also decreased.

Surface chemistry modification in ITO films induced by Sn2þ ionic state variation

김지웅,이두용,송세환,조삼연,배종성,김완연,윤부현,김양도,이정수,부상돈,박성균 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.11

In this study, the surface-chemistry-dependent hydrophobicity and antibacterial properties of ITO films were examined. After annealing of the films, their surface root-mean-square roughness increased and remained the same regardless of the annealing environment. However, depending on the annealing environment (O2, N2, Ar, or vacuum), the contact angle increased with increasing Sn2þ contents in the films. Furthermore, the antibacterial effect of the annealed films decreased regardless of the annealing environment. The depth-dependent chemical state determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed an increase in the Sn content at the surfaces of all films. In particular, the as-grown film exhibited the highest Sn content at the surface and also the strongest antibacterial effect.

증언식 광고의 효과에 관한 사례연구

김지웅 중앙대학교 신문방송대학원언론연구소 2000 언론연구논집 Vol.29 No.-

HILS를 활용한 전투차량의 반능동 현수장치 적용에 관한 연구

김지웅,김문준,이은준,이경훈,우관제,Kim, Chi-Ung,Kim, Moon-June,Rhee, Eun-Jun,Lee, Kyoung-Hoon,Woo, Kwan-Je 한국군사과학기술학회 2010 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.13 No.6

There have been a lot of efforts on the improvement for the ride comfort and handling stability of the combat vehicles. Especially most of vehicles for military purpose have bad inertial condition and severe operating condition such as the rough road driving, and need a high mobility in the emergency status. It is necessary to apply the controlled suspension system in order to improve the vehicle mobile stability and ride comfort ability of crews. A feasibility study is performed on the application of the semi-active suspension system with a magneto-rheological controlled shock absorber for a $6{\times}6$ combat vehicle. First, the dynamic simulation model of the vehicle including the control model for the semi-active suspension system was executed. Based on this model, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation(HILS) system which has a semi-active suspension controller hardware was constructed. After full vehicle simulations were performed in virtual proving courses with this system, the semi-active suspension system was proven to give better ride comfort and handling stability in comparison with the conventional passive suspension system.

포스터 : 5% Imiquimod 크림과 경구 Acitretin으로 치료한 다발성 보웬병 1예

김지웅,김정은,오칠환,송해준 대한피부과학회 2008 초록집 Vol.46 No.10

Size Analysis of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots in Aqueous Solution by Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Detection

김지웅,박승한,Dae-Kyu Kim,Jason Han,윤종일,최중길,제구철,Thomas Fanghanel 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.1

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) coated with mercaptoacetic acid (MAA) in an anqueous solution are investigated by means of highly sensitive laser-induced breakdown detection (LIBD). In particular, a size distribution analysis of QDs dispersed in ultra pure water is performed as a function of time until a steady state is reached. Freshly prepared CdSe/ZnS-MAA QDs are found to initially exist as relatively large (25.0 ± 1.2 nm) agglomerates that slowly disperse over days to small (6.5 ± 0.2 nm), but stable, single particles. These results of increasing breakdown probability with increasing particle density amply demonstrate that LIBD can be a promising analytical technique for size analysis of nanoparticle formation and stability.

부호화 효율을 고려한 고속 인터/인트라 모드 결정 알고리즘

김지웅,김용관,Kim, Ji-Woong,Kim, Yong-Kwan 한국통신학회 2007 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.32 No.8c

H.264/AVC 비디오 부호화 표준은 부호화 효율을 향상시키기 위하여 기존의 부호화 표준들과는 다른 새로운 부호화 기법들을 사용한다. 그러나 새로이 채택된 여러 기법들로 인해 H.264/AVC 표준 부호기의 복잡도는 극단적으로 증가하게 되었다. 특히 율-왜곡 최적화 기법에 의한 H.264/AVC의 인터/인트라 모드 결정 방법은 부호기의 복잡도를 증가시키는 가장 큰 원인 중 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 매크로블록 모드 결정 과정의 복잡도 감소 및 전체 부호화 효율 측면에서 우수함을 나타내는 데 주안점을 두며, 이에 대한 고속 매크로블록 모드 결정 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 알고리즘을 적용한 실험 결과, 고속 움직임 추정/보상과 결합한 경우 최대 80%의 부호화 시간을 감소시켰으며, 평균 $8{\sim}10%$의 비트율을 감소시키는데 반해 PSNR의 변화량은 미미하여 전체 부호화 효율 또한 상승시킬 수 있었다. For the improvement of coding efficiency, the H.264/AVC video coding standard employs new coding tools compared with existing coding standards. However, due to these new coding tools, the complexity of H.2641AVC encoder is greatly increased. Specially, Inter/Intra mode decision method of H.264/AVC using RDO(rate-distortion optimization) technique is one of the most complex parts in H.264/AVC. In this paper, we focus on the complexity reduction in macroblock mode decision considering coding efficiency. From the simulation results, the proposed algorithm reduce the encoding time by maximum 80% of total, and reduce the bitrate of the overall sequences by $8{\sim}10%$ on the average compared with existing coding methods.

다양한 환경조건에 강인한 이동로봇의 라이더 센서기반 위치추정기술

김지웅,정우진 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국내학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.5