근육운동을 기반으로 한 Character Facial Animation의 감정표현

김지애(Kim, Jiae),조동민(Cho, Dongmin) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2005 (사)한국디지털디자인협의회 conference Vol.2005 No.5

학문 목적 한국어 학습자의 학문적 대화에서 의사소통 문제 요인 분석 -이해 확인을 위한 구술시험 대화를 중심으로-

김지애 ( Jiae Kim ) 국제한국어교육학회 2015 한국어 교육 Vol.26 No.3

This study is to analyze the factors which make the communication problems in the academic dialogue of the KAP learners (the learners who study Korean for academic purpose). The academic dialogue is what the undergraduate and graduate students do when they study, explore, and construct the knowledge. Performing the academic dialogue is important for the students not only to achieve better score but also to take a role in the academic community actively. Because participating and having a voice in the communication of a community mean having power as a real member of that community. Therefore the KAP students also need to be able to take part in the academic dialogue with their own thinking and voice. It can help them learn better and improve their right in the academic community. But they have certain problems when performing the academic dialogue. So, in order to find a clue of what is the problem they’re suffering when they talk with and about knowledge, in this research I analyzed the KAP students’ oral academic talk data, which was the oral examination talk done with their KAP teacher for comprehension check. I sorted out the parts that some communicative problems had occurred in the data according as the standards, which was the 4 maxim of Grice(1975) reinterpreted for this research. And then, I reasoned a posteriori of what factor the each problem had taken place. The result is that the KAP learners’ communication problems occur not only because of the language factors but also because of the cognitive factors. Especially two cognitive factors, the logical thinking and the critical thinking in academic Korean language are the most important factors which may effect the academic dialogue’s quality. (The Academy of Korean Studies)

한국어 학습자의 학문적 대화에서 상호사고 양상 분석

김지애 ( Jiae Kim ) 민족어문학회 2016 어문논집 Vol.- No.76

이 연구는 한국어 학습자의 학문적 대화에서 상호사고 양상을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 한국어 학습자의 발표 후 토론 수행 자료를 분석 대상으로 삼아 학습자들의 상호사고 양상을 분석해 보았다. 자료에서 상호사고가 나타났는지 여부는 학습자의 발화가 ``탐구 발화``로서 유효한지를 기준으로 판단 하였다. 먼저, 양적인 분석을 토대로 각 학습자의 전체 발화 수 중 유효 발화 비율 이 어느 정도 되는지를 파악하였다. 그런 다음, 유효 발화 비율이 가장 높은 학습 자를 활발한 상호사고자로 설정하고 반대로 유효 발화 비율이 가장 낮은 학습자를 부족한 상호사고자로 설정하였다. 그리고 이 둘의 발화 양상을 비교하여 질적으로 분석하였다. 활발한 상호사고자는 발화에 비판적 관점과 해석, 논증, 맥락 성 찰 및 종합, 실천적 대안 등이 나타났고 논의를 풍성하게 하는 구성적 진술도 나타났다. 반면, 부족한 상호사고자는 비판적 관점과 해석이 나타나지 않으며, 의견 과 대안에는 논증이 결여되었고 가볍고 방관적인 태도로 발화하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 부족한 상호사고자는 언어적으로 논증과 탐구를 위한 표현 사용 이 부족했다. 이러한 결과로부터 찾아낸 교육적 함의는 학문 목적 한국어 학습자 에게 사고의 내실화와 언어적 표현 능력 향상, 이 두 측면을 모두 고려한 상호사고 교육이 반드시 필요하며, 학문 활동 초기부터 그러한 교육이 이루어져야 한다는 점이다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the interthinking patterns of the Korean language learners in their academic dialogue. The subject of analysis is the transcript materials of the discussion after their presentation. The standard to judge whether they are interthinking or not is the validity of the talk as the exploratory talk. First, on the basis of the quantitative analysis a best interthinker and a worst interthinker were selected. And then, the qualitative analysis of the two was conducted. In the talk of the best interthinker, there appeared the critical point of view, the interpretation, the argument, the reflection and synthesis of the context, practical counteroffer, and the constructive statement which made the discussion better. While in the talk of the worst interthinker, these are not found. Furthermore the worst did not use various words or phrases which were useful to make argument and inquiry. From this result, I conclude that the interthinking course is needed for the Korean language learners who study it for academic purpose, and in that course the thinking skills and the expression skills for thinking must be taught from the very first step to do the academic activity.

국내 외국인 학부 유학생을 위한 시험 답안 쓰기 교육 내용 연구

김지애 ( Kim Jiae ) 민족어문학회 2020 어문논집 Vol.- No.88

이 연구는 외국인 유학생을 위한 시험 답안 쓰기 교육 내용을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 대학에서의 시험은 객관식 또는 단답형으로 단순히 외워서 답을 하는 방식보다는 학습한 내용을 토대로 종합적으로 서술하는 방식으로 출제된다. 따라서 대학의 외국인 유학생이 한국어로 진행되는 강의를 듣고 시험에서 답안을 작성하기 위해서는 그에 적절한 한국어 쓰기 능력을 갖추는 것이 필요하다. 하지 만 본고에서 교원 대상 설문조사 및 교재 분석 등을 통해서 유학생 대상 시험 답 안 쓰기 교육의 현재를 살펴보았는데, 시험 답안 쓰기 교육은 현재 매우 제한적인 방식으로 이루어지고 있는 상황이며, 그 교육 내용 또한 문제 유형별 답안의 구조 와 표현 교수에 집중되어 있었다. 이러한 교육이 실제로 외국인 유학생의 시험 답 안 쓰기에 도움이 될지 알아보기 위하여, 본고에서는 또한 외국인과 한국인이 같 이 듣는 교양 수업에서 산출된 중간고사 시험 답안의 점수를 비교하여 보았다. 담 당교수에 의해 기 채점된 이 자료를 분석해 보니 외국인과 한국인의 시험 답안 쓰 기 수행의 차이는 매우 현저하게 컸는데, 이를 통해 지금과는 다른 총체적인 교수 계획의 수정이 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 본고에서는 수집된 답안을 다시 질적으로 분석하여 주요 득점 요인이 무엇인지 파악하였는데, 답안에 문제에서 요구한 정 보가 모두 포함되어 있는지, 답안이 학습 내용을 바탕으로 정확하게 기술되었는 지, 논증이 논리적으로 조직되어 설득력을 가지는지 등의 요인이 도출되었다. 이 각각의 요인을 향상시키기 위해서는 학업 한국어 쓰기 영역 안에 갇힌 교육이 아 니라, 학업 한국어 교육과정 전체에 시험 답안 쓰기 교육 내용이 배치되어야 한다. 이에 따라 학업 한국어 듣기, 읽기, 쓰기, 말하기 각각의 과목에서 시험 답안 쓰기 를 위한 교육 내용이 어떻게 들어가야 할지 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to present the lesson contents of writing exam answers for international students. Examinations at universities are given in a comprehensive writing manner based on what has been learned rather than in a multiple-choice or short-answer form that can be conducted by simply memorizing something. Therefore, in order for international students at universities to listen to lectures conducted in Korean and to write answers on the exams, it is necessary to have proper Korean writing skills. However, in this paper, through the questionnaire survey for teachers and the analysis of textbooks, I looked at the current state of education for writing exam answers for international students, it is currently being conducted in a very limited way, and the lesson contents was focused on teaching the structure and expressions of the answer for each question type. To find out if this education will actually help international students write exam answers, in this paper, I compared the scores of the answers to the midterm exams produced by the liberal arts classes that foreigners and Koreans take together. Analyzing this data, which was previously graded by the professor in charge, the difference between foreigners and Koreans was very significant. Through this, it was found that a different overall teaching plan was needed. I also analyzed qualitatively the documents again to find out what are the main scoring factors. Factors such as whether all the information requested by the problem was included in the answer, whether the answer was accurately described based on the learning content, and whether the argument was logically organized and convincing are derived. To improve each of these factors, the content of the exam answer writing should be placed in the entire academic Korean curriculum, not in the education trapped within the academic Korean writing area. Accordingly, it was suggested how to enter the educational content for writing exam answers in each subject of academic Korean listening, reading, writing, and speaking.

외국인 유학생의 조 발표 평가를 위한 구인 개발 연구 -내용 초점의 발표를 중심으로-

김지애 ( Kim Jiae ),심지연 ( Sim Jeeyun ) 국제한국어교육학회 2018 한국어 교육 Vol.29 No.4

This study aims to develop the constructs for evaluating team presentations performed by undergraduate international students in Korea. To achieve the goal, this study reviews related research and sets the criteria to analyze the problems of team presentations performed in Korean by undergraduate international students. Through this analysis we got to know which problems they were making. They were failing to reorganize the resources they had referenced and to organize the contents into one. And errors or mistakes of grammar and spelling were found often in their PPT files, and the editing styles of the PPTs were not consistent. Moreover, their performances were not unlike their PPT files. One made a good presentation but the other students just recited the script without interaction with the audience. Moreover, they could not operate the Q&A part and lead the discussion well, and components for wrapping up the presentation also were omitted frequently. After the analysis, this study conducted a survey with 23 Korean language educators asking about the validity of the construct and description of the survey. Based on the collected feedback, the construct list has been modified primarily, and carried out a second survey with an expert group. Based on their opinion, the final construct list was fine-tuned. (Seoul Cyber University, Korea University)

3D Character Language Embodiment System 개발

김지애(Kim Jiae),조동민(Cho Dongmin) 인제대학교 디자인연구소 2012 Journal of Integrated Design Research (JIDR) Vol.11 No.1

‘대사‘는 캐릭터의 내적감정상태를 관객에게 직접적으로 전달하는 중요한 수단이다. 이를 통해 관객이 캐릭터의 감정에 몰입하게 되고, 내용의 이해를 돕는다. 현재 캐릭터의 대사를 표현할 때 모션캡처가 효과적이지만 고가장비 부담으로 대다수 프로덕션에서 사용하는데 한계를 가진다. 반면 단순한 발음예제기반 애니메이션으로는 복잡한 한글대사를 구현하는데 어려움이 따른다. 이러한 상황을 고려해볼 때 애니메이터가 제작비와 노력을 최소화하면서 효율적으로 캐릭터의 대사를 표현할 수 있는 프로세스 개발이 필요하다. 본 ’3D Character Language Embodiment System‘은 애니메이터가 입모양을 실시간으로 탐색하여 사용할 수 있기 때문에 효과적인 보조시스템으로 활용할 수 있을 것이다. ‘Speech’ is an important instrument to deliver the internal emotional condition of a character directly to the audience, immersing the audience into the emotion of the character and helping them understand the contents. Presently when a character expresses in speech, motion capture is effective, but due to the burden of the high-price equipment, it involves the limitation of being used only by professional producers mostly. In the meantime, simple pronunciation example based animation has difficulty in implementing complicated Korean speech. With such situation considered, it is necessary to develop a process for animators to express character speech effectively while minimizing production cost and efforts. This ‘3D character language Embodiment system’, which detects mouth shape to read the speech real-time, is anticipated to be utilized as effective auxiliary system.

기업자료를 활용한 제조업 수출의 고용효과분석: 대전⋅충남지역을 중심으로

김홍기(Kim, Hongkee),김지애(Kim, Jiae) 한국경제통상학회 2019 경제연구 Vol.37 No.4

본 연구는 대전⋅충남지역을 중심으로 2006~2017년 기업수준 데이터를 활용하여 제조업 수출이 고용에 미치는 효과를 고정효과모형과 동태패널모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 주요 추정결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수출⋅비수출기업을 모두 포함한 전체기업 대상 추정 결과에서는 국내매출의 고용효과가 수출의 고용효과보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 수출과 국내매출을 모두 하는 기업을 대상으로 한 추정 결과, 수출기업의 정의와 관계없이 내연적 수출의 고용효과가 국내매출보다 2배 이상 크게 추정되었다. 셋째, 이중차감추정법과 성향점수대응(PSM)방법을 이용하여 외연적 수출의 고용효과를 분석한 결과, 수출시장에 처음 참가한 기업은 수출을 시작한 당해 연도와 이후 1년까지 고용이 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 분석결과를 통해 대전충남지역 제조업에서 기업의 수출은 고용을 확대시킴을 확인할 수 있다. This study analyzes the effects of manufacturing exports on employments by using firm-level data of the year 2006-2017, mainly in Daejeon and Chungnam province, using the fixed effect and dynamic panel model. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the estimation results of all companies including both export and non-export companies show that the employment effect of domestic sales is greater than that of exports. This is in support of the general perception that domestic sales have greater employment effects than exports. Secondly, estimation results for exporting companies, indicate the employment effect of intensive export is estimated to be more than twice that of domestic sales. Thirdly, the employment effect of extensive exports shows that exports increase employment for the first year after the export started, using the double difference estimation method and the propensity score response (PSM), The above analysis indicates that exports of firms in Daejeon and Chungnam province increase employments. In particular, it is noteworthy that the employment effect is large in the early stage of export.

사회복지전담공무원의 외상사건 및 스트레스 대처방식과 외상후스트레스증상 관련성

이정현,김지애,심민영,전경선,오승아,양정일,이영렬,Lee, Junghyun H.,Kim, Jiae,Sim, Minyoung,Jeon, Kyoungsun,Oh, Seunga,Yang, Jungll,Lee, Yunglyul 대한생물정신의학회 2015 생물정신의학 Vol.22 No.2

Objectives Social workers can suffer from occupational stress resulting from dealing with clients, which might lead to metal health problems. We aimed to investigate the association of duty-related traumatic experiences and stress coping strategies with post-traumatic stress symptoms among social workers in public sector. Methods A total of 110 social workers in public sector (men 30.9%, $36.5{\pm}7.6$ yrs) participated in this study. All subjects were evaluated the frequency and the impact of duty-related traumatic events. Additionally, they completed questionnaires including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised for post-traumatic stress symptoms, the Beck Depression Inventory-II for depressive symptoms, the Scale for Suicidal Ideation for suicide symptoms and the Ways of Coping Checklist for stress coping strategies. Results The most frequent traumatic events were "Violent or abusive language from a client" (95.0%) and "Client made a fuss" (94.5%). The most distressing traumatic event was "Seeing a dead body on duty" (7.6 out of 10), which predicted post-traumatic stress symptoms (odds ratio 4.04 ; 95% confidence interval, 1.79-9.11). Among 4 types of stress coping strategies, the emotion-focused coping was positively correlated with post-traumatic stress symptoms after controlling age and sex (${\beta}$ = 0.50, p < 0.001). Conclusions Social workers in public sector showed high level of post-traumatic stress symptoms. Duty-related traumatic events and the emotional-focused coping strategies were associated with the severity of post-traumatic stress symptoms. The modification of stress coping strategies would alleviate post-traumatic stress symptoms in social workers in public sector.

한국어 학습자 구어 말뭉치의 대화 행위 주석 체계 개발을 위한 기초 연구 -한국인과 외국인의 대화 행위 주석에 적용하여-

이동은 ( Lee Dong-eun ),김지애 ( Kim Jiae ),이민아 ( Lee Minah ) 국제한국어교육학회 2016 한국어 교육 Vol.27 No.4

This study focuses on the experiment to assess the possibility of dialogue act tag set for Korean language learner`s spoken language corpus at a discourse level. For this study, we gathered 51 Koreans natives and 63 Korean language learners and conducted a Discourse Completion Test(DCT) to examine the usability of dialogue act tag set which was developed by the preceding research, Lee Dong-Eun & Kim jiae(2016). As a result, we found that the dialogue act tag set could apply to the Korean language learner`s spoken language corpus if the annotation system be more elaborated and systematized. (Kookmin University, Korea University)

한국어 학습자 구어 말뭉치의 담화 분석적 논의

이동은(Lee Dong-eun),김지애(Kim Jiae) 한글학회 2016 한글 Vol.- No.313

이 글은 한국어 구어 담화 연구에 적용하기 위한 대화 행위의 주석체계를 논의하는 데 그 목적을 둔다. 형태와 통사 주석은 마련된 것이 있지만 담화 차원에서의 주석 체계에 대해서는 아직까지 명확한 기준을 제시한 연구가 부재하기에 본 연구에서는 한국어 학습자 말뭉치 구축에 있어서 담화 차원의 대화 행위 주석 체계를 실험적으로 모색해 보고자 한다. 아울러 대화 행위 주석 체계 정립의 가능성을 타진하고 주석 작업의 신뢰도를 높이기 위한 단계적 절차 수행 방안에 대해 논의한다. 그리고 대화 행위 주석이 실제로 어떠한 연구로 활용될 수 있는지 보이기 위해 주석이 부착된 자료를 활용하여 일상대화에서의 담화 전개 양상을 분석해 보이고 그것이 한국어 담화 교육에서 어떻게 적용될 수 있는지 논의한다. 합리적 차원의 대화 행위 주석 체제를 마련하는 것은 다차원적이고도 역동적인 담화 의미를 규명하기 위한 출발점이 된다. 또한 학습자 구어 말뭉치의 구축 과정에 이를 적용함으로써 교수 · 학습과 교재 및 교육 자료 개발에 기여함은 물론 국제 학계에서 한국어 담화 분석과 한국어교육학의 효율적 소통을 기대할 수 있을 것이다. This paper focuses on discussing the dialogue act annotation system that can be applied when studying about Korean oral discourse. Since 1990’s, in the field of discourse analysis, an objective research on investigating the characteristics of Korean oral discourse, started to take place. And since the start of the 21st century, Korean language teaching academia began to actively do analytical research on the oral discourse of Korean language learners. More recently, At a national level, a task of establishing and utilizing Korean language learners’ corpus is in progress. In order for a large national corpus research to be applied continuously in future researches, developing a annotation system that can effectively handle spontaneous information is necessary. Even though there are forms and syntax annotation system that are already developed, we still lack researches that clearly defined the standard for a annotation system at a discourse level. Therefore, this research seek to develop a dialogue act annotation system at a discourse level through experiments. The foundational theories that helped develop a reasonable Korean dialogue act annotation system were the various researches done by different corpus language departments, but the main reference that was used was the results of research and development by ISO. In first experiment, we provided 14 tags and requested 2 inexperienced taggers to do a trial conversation. Using the problems and implications as base, we added an additional tag and performed the second trial using 15 tags. To increase the credibility on the second experiment, we broke down each stage of the trial. First, the taggers performed their own test. Second, they cross examined each others results and finally gave chance to discuss and revise the results together. If the taggers cannot come to an agreement, one of the skilled researchers will listen to the sound file and judge the final tag. Through the experimental process, we were able to further examine the possibility of establishing a dialogue act annotation system, and discuss ways to increase the credibility by separating each part of the experiment stages. And to find out how dialogue act annotation can be utilized in other experiments, we applied the materials that includes the tags to daily conversation and analyzed the developing aspect of conversation. Using the result of the analysis, we further examined how it can be applied to teaching Korean discourse. Establishing a rational dialogue act annotation system is a starting point to deeply understanding the multi-dimensional and yet more dynamic meaning of the corpus. Also, by utilizing the information when establishing learner’s oral corpus, it will not only contribute to developing teacher and student learning materials, but can also expect more efficient communication on analytical Korean discourse and Korean linguistic education at international academia.