기능적 자기공명영상을 이용한 구심성 및 원심성 근 수축에 따른 뇌 활성도 분석

김중선,김중휘,박민규,박지원,Kim, Chung-Sun,Kim, Joong-Hwi,Park, Min-Kyu,Park, Ji-Won 대한물리치료학회 2010 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.22 No.2

Purpose: Behavior and movement are accomplished by voluntary contractions of skeletal muscles. There are three types of muscle contractions: concentric, isometric and eccentric. The aim of our study was to determine whether there is a difference in the cortical activation pattern between concentric contraction and eccentric contraction of the wrist extensor muscle. Methods: Four healthy right-handed volunteers without any previous history of physical or neurological illness were recruited. fMRI scanning was done during 4 repeated blocks of concentric and eccentric exercise of the wrist joint. Subjects exercised for 12 seconds and then rested for 12 seconds before beginning the second set of exercises. To determine the excitability of cortical neurons during exercise, voxel count and intensity index were analyzed. Results: For right hand movements, when concentric contractions of the right wrist were done, only the left primary motor area was activated. In contrast, during eccentric contraction, both the primary motor area and secondary motor area were activated. For left hand movements, both concentric and eccentric contractions induced only the supplementary motor cortex and the contralateral primary motor cortex. Conclusion: During eccentric contractions, both the primary motor area and secondary motor area are activated in ipsilateral and contralateral brain areas. Thus, eccentric contractions require more complex and difficult movements than concentric contractions do.

시각장애 아동과 정상 아동의 선자세 균형 비교

김중선,이정순,Kim Chung-sun,Lee Jeong-soon 대한물리치료학회 2003 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.15 No.1

In this paper, the proprioceptive sensitivity was compared by Foot-Hand task method and the effect of the proprioceptive sensitivity and auditory to the standing position between blind and normal children was measured using BPM for 56 children in 7, 8, 9 and 10 years old. There are three measurement methods are used for BPM : Rest, Forward Looking, 'Sound' position. The following conclusions were obtained from the above measurements. 1. In comparison of proprioceptive sensitivity between blind and normal children, there is no significant difference(p > .05). There is no significant difference in comparison of each age group and also there is no difference in each gender group(p > .05). 2. In comparison of standing position measurement between blind and normal children, there is any difference (p > .05) in three measurement(Rest, Forward Looking, 'Sound' position) but there is no significant difference in each gender difference(p > .05). There is any difference between Rest and 'Sound' position of blind children, also there is any difference between Forward Looking and ' Sound ' position, rest and 'Sound' position of normal children(p > .05). 3. There is no significant difference of correlation between proprioceptive sensitivity test and standing position measurement in Pearson correlation coefficient(p > .05).

편측 뇌손상 환자의 동측 운동 결함에 대한 고찰

김중선,김경,권용현,Kim, Chung-Sun,Kim, Kyung,Kwon, Yong-Hyun 대한물리치료학회 2006 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.18 No.4

Recently, several investigations revealed that after unilateral brain damage, movement abnormalities were exposed on the ipsilateral side as well as the upper extremity contralateral to the damaged hemisphere. Even the motor abilities had significantly recovered from ipsilateral motor deficits on not only simple sensoriomotor function, also clinical assessments since subacute stage, although could not completely returned. Such motor deficits were detected in a diversity of motor tasks depending on the interhemispheric specialization, further in clinical evaluation and a daily of activities. In the clinical features, muscular weakness, sensory loss and impaired manual dexterity were observed. In a laboratory experiment, there were increasing evidences that the kinematic processing deficits was founded in various-specific motor tasks, which ranged from simple basic element to complex tasks, such as tapping task, step-tracking, goal directional aiming task, and iso(and non-)directional interlimb coordination. In the point of view, the manifest understanding in related to ipsilateral deficits provide the clinicians with an important information for scientific management about brain injured patient's prognosis and therapeutic guidelines.

경두개직류전류자극이 시열반응과제에 대한 운동 수행 능력에 미치는 영향

김중선,남석현,조인술,Kim, Chung-Sun,Nam, Seok-Hyun,Cho, In-Sul 대한물리치료학회 2010 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.22 No.5

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate whether motor cortex excitability by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over primary motor cortex (M1) affects motor performance of serial reaction task. Methods: Cathodal, anodal and sham tDCS (1 mA) are applied over right M1 of 24 subjects for 30 minutes including 11minutes for task period time. We applied two electrodes at the same position to both an experimental group and a sham-controlled group, and we made 2 groups recognize to be applicated of stimulation. Flexion, extension of wrist and thumb flexion are carried out following colors of arrows on the monitor. Serial reaction time task was applied to confirm the difference of the reaction time between 2 groups. Results: Reaction time is decreased in both tDCS-group and Sham-controlled tDCS group, and the degree of reduction is much greater in the post-test than pre-test. Reduction of reaction time between groupsis statistically significant. Conclusion: We consider that anodal tDCS increased the cortical excitability of the underlying motor cortex and it can be helpful to modulate motor performance. It seems that tDCS is an effective modality to modulate brain function, and it will be great help to mediate strategy for the brain injury patients.

뇌졸중 환자의 Scale for Contraversive Pushing의 신뢰도 연구

김중선,장종성,Kim, Chung-Sun,Chang, Jong-Sung 대한물리치료학회 2009 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Purpose: Pusher syndrome in stroke patients is the tendency to push strongly toward the paretic side with the non-affected limbs. The purpose of this study was to estimated inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the Scale for Contraversive Pushing (SCP). Methods: Fourteen patients in the acute phase after stroke onset were diagnosed with pusher syndrome. Two physical therapists randomly assessed the same patients on different occasions on the same day. Almost all patients were assessed on more than one day. The inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the SCP was estimated by calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: The intra-rater reliability of the SCP ranged from 0.87 to 0.97; the inter-rater reliability of the SCP ranged from 0.71 to 0.99 in sitting and standing positions. These results show good reliability for the calculated variables. Conclusion: The results provide support for the use of the SCP in assessing pusher syndrome based on its reliability in stroke patients. It may use the standardized clinical assessments in clinical implication.

뇌성마비(腦性麻痺) 재활(再活)을 위한 행동수정(行動修正)

김중선 ( Chung Sun Kim ) 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 1986 再活科學硏究 Vol.7 No.1

The application of behavior modification techniques to cerebral palsy habilitation combines behaviorist psychology and physical therapy. In working together, physical therapists and behaviorists have a great deal to offer children and adults with cerebral palsy. I present a behaviorist perspective on how cerebral palsy affects an individual`s interactions with the environment and how the enviroment can be modified to teach and improve motor functioning. The usefulness of this perspective in guiding physical therapy is discussed and research in which behavior modification has been used in cerebral palsy habilitation is reviewed.

지체부자유 청소년의 심리적 안녕감

김중선(Kim Chung-sun) 한국재활심리학회 2002 재활심리연구 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological well-being of adolescents with physical impairments. Psychological well-being of 54 adolescents with physical impairments, 40 adolescents with visual impairments, 40 adolescents with hearing impairments, and 52 adolescents with no disabilities was measured through the scale of depression and hopelessness. There were no differences among adolescents with physical impairments and the other three groups regarding the level of self- reported depression and hopelessness. However, within the adolescent group with physical impairments, the adolescents with cerebral palsy showed the higher level of self-reported depression than the adolescents without cerebral palsy, but not in hopelessness. There was no difference between the physically impaired adolescents with walking ability and the physically impaired adolescents without walking ability on the level of depression and hopelessness.

기관지 천식에서 impulse oscillometry(IOS)의 유용성

김중선(Jung Sun Kim),김철우(Cheol Woo Kim),박정엽(Jeong Youp Park),정혜원(Hye Won Chung),박중원(Jung Won Park),홍천수(Chein Soo Hong) 대한내과학회 2000 대한내과학회지 Vol.59 No.5

N/A Background : Impulse oscillometry(IOS) is a method to characterize the mechanical properties of respiratory system over wide range of frequency. It's most important advantage is to require minimal cooperations from subject. Therefore it is used to estimate pulmonary function of young children and to study epidemiology of occupational asthma. This study was performed to evaluate the usefulness for the clinical applications of IOS in bronchial asthmatics by estimating the associations between asthma severity and IOS parameters, and the relationships between IOS parameters and conventional spirometry. Methods : 216 subjects with bronchial asthma were enrolled in this study. Subjects were grouped to 3 different groups according to their symptoms and pulmonary functions. Respiratory impedance, resistance (at 5Hz, 20Hz, 35Hz) and resonant frequency were measured by IOS. FEV1, FVC and MMEF were measured with conventional spirometry. Results : There were significant difference of resonant frequency, resistance at 5Hz and 20Hz, resistance difference at 5Hz and 20Hz according to asthma severity(p<0.05, respectively). Resonant frequency, resistance at 5Hz, impedance were significantly correlated with FEV1 (r= -0.55, 0.48, 0.49, p<0.05, respectively). And resistance at 5Hz had similar reproducibility compared to FEV1 (resistance at 5Hz, r= 0.78 vs FEV1, r= 0.79). Conclusion : IOS is an useful and alternative method to evaluate clinical status of brnochial asthmatics. And further studies will be needed to clarify its values for wide range of clinical applications.(Korean J Med 59:522-528, 2000)

경두개 직류전류 자극이 대뇌피질의 뇌 활성도에 미치는 영향

권용현,김중선,장성호,Kwon, Yong-Hyun,Kim, Chung-Sun,Jang, Sung-Ho 대한물리치료학회 2009 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Purpose: Recently, neurostimulation studies involving manipulation of cortical excitability of the human brain have been increasingly attempted. We investigated whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the underlying cerebral cortex, directly induces cortical activation during fMRI scanning. Methods: We recently recruited five healthy subjects without a neurological or psychiatric history and who were right-handed, as verified by the modified Edinburg Handedness Inventory. fMRI was done while constant anodal tDCS was delivered to the underlying SM1 area?? immediately after the pre-stimulation for eighteen minutes. Results: Group analysis yielded an averaged map that showed that the SM1 area and the superior parietal cortex in the ipsilateral hemisphere were activated. The voxel size and peak intensity were, respectively, 82 and 5.22 in the SM1, and 85 and 5.77 in the superior parietal cortex. Conclusion: Cortical activation can be induced by constant anodal tDCS of the underlying motor cortex. This suggests that tDCS may be an effective therapeutic device for enhancing? physical motor function by modulating neural excitability of the motor cortex.

발목관절 각도에 따른 무릎 폄근의 등속성 근력 평가

박상영,김중선,김중휘,이인희,장종성,서태수,Park, Sang-Young,Kim, Chung?Sun,Kim, Joong?Hwi,Lee, In?Hee,Jang, Jong?Sung,Seo, Tae?Soo 대한물리치료학회 2011 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Purpose:This study was designed to investigate difference in isokinetic muscle strength in the knee extensor muscle and characteristic differences in muscle strength between males and females through the ankle joint angles. Methods: Seventy-four subjects participated in this study. There were two groups: 36 males and 38 females. The mean age of the men was 24.58 years and women was 23.74 years. Subjects were seated on a CON-TREX LP (leg press) lean to back of chair, and there bodies were fixed by straps with the hip joint at an angle of $130^{\circ}$. After randomly fixing the ankle joint at $0^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, and $40^{\circ}$ of plantar flexion (PF) in range of full extension of knee joint. We studied force max average, force max average/kg, power average, and total work through the angle of the ankle joint when the knee joint was extended from $90^{\circ}$ to $180^{\circ}$. Results: In the male group, all maximum measured value showed at the ankle joint $0^{\circ}$, all minimum measured value showed at $40^{\circ}$ PF (p<0.01). In the female group, all maximum measured value showed at the ankle joint $20^{\circ}$ PF, especially the power average increased significantly. All minimum measured value showed $40^{\circ}$ PF (p<0.01). Conclusion: There are differences between males and females in isokinetic muscle strength of the knee extensor through ankle joint angles in healthy adults. Males and Females have different characteristics of muscle strength through the ankle joint angles.