머리빗(브러시) 디자인 개발에 관한 연구

김정필(Kim, Jung-Pil ) 한국조형디자인학회 2008 조형디자인연구 Vol.11 No.1

From old times, people have used many tools and utensils to make their appearance more favorable, for social activities or to attract the opposite sex. This study seeks to analyse the changes in hair brushes that have been used by people. The lifestyle of modern people has been combined with that of ancient people, which has produced very complicated and diversified styles. So, for living utensils, global features have been commonly reflected without regard to the region of origin or the time period it is from. It is in this historical background that business people have been making every effort to produce living products that fit the wide variety of needs and ensure survival. properly. Therefore, this study speculates the hair brushes which were made by our ancestor were made with a psychological approach in that people are familiar with things they have used for such a long time. It then identifies the different types of hair brushes and ornaments which changed according to lifestyle. As a result, this study finds that products made with polluting by product can also be made from nature-friendly methods and materials. And though hand crafts are more expensive than machine products, they can contribute to a healthier life and integrity. Based on the results, this study will produce a hair brush with a pattern which has inspired people from the past history using natural wood. In addition, this study suggests that in respect to the aspect of business, family handcrafts can be a good business item that can be developed and produced by small-sized business though large-sized business appeared since the industrial revolution and conglomerate management has expanded over every field of living products.

한국가구의 국제 경쟁력을 위한 연구

김정필(Kim, Jung-Pil) 한국조형디자인학회 2005 조형디자인연구 Vol.8 No.1

가구는 인류가 주거생활을 하면서부터 사용되기 시작하였다. 특히 문명이 발달한 옹대지역의 사계절(四季節)은 의상의 보관을 요구하였으며 이러한 요구는 필요에 따라 여러 가지 가구를 만들게 되었고 지역에 따라 그 곳에 맞는 다양한 가구가 발달하게 되었다. 한국의 경우 위와 같은 조건뿐만 아니라 국토의 70%가 산으로 되어 가구를 만들 수 있는 목재를 충분히 얻을 수 있는 여건으로 예부터 가구제조 기술이 발달하였다. 그러나 근래 까지 한국의 생활이 좌식(坐式)양식으로 되어있었지만 현대에 들어오면서 주거의 형태가 변하고 생활도 입식생활로 빠르게 바뀌어 가고 있다. 때문에 우리가 쓰던 가구가 생활하는데 차이가 나므로서 우리의 전통적인 가구형태나 제조과정이 변모를 하여야 할 시점에 도달한 것이다. 이와 같은 현상이 사회의 흐름으로 정착되면서 필요한 가구를 생산하는데 경험이 없는 한국의 가구공업은 외국제품의 모방하여 판매를 함으로써 시행착오를 하고 있으며 이것에 불만이 있는 소비자들은 외국제품을 수입하여 판매하는 것을 구입해서 생활에 사용하는 실정이다. 우리가 가지고 있던 우수한 전통적인 가구제조법은 디자인이나 용도면에서 이와 같은 사회의 흐름에 대처하지 못하고 있으므로 한국 가구시장의 현황을 파악하여 어떠한 면에서 문제점이 있는지를 확인하고 그 문제점을 개선하는데 이 논문의 요점이 있으나 구체적으로 어느 한 부분 즉 원자재나 제조과정 혹은 디자인 면을 개선하는데 중점을 둔 것 이 아니라 이러한 문제점들을 제시하고 개선하며 외국으로의 수출경쟁력을 위하여 필요한 정보자료에 비중을 두었다. 보다 디테일한 문제점에 대한 개선과제는 그 분야마다의 연구가 계속되어야 할 것 이다. Furniture has been used since man lived in houses. Specifically, four seasons in civilized countries with mild climate required storage of clothing and as there have been such needs, people had to make various kinds of fumiture according to different characteri st ics of each region. For Korea, as it was easy to obtain enough wood to make furniture becau se 70% of the territory is made of mountains, technology to make furniture has been developed. However, Korean style of living was based on sitt ing before, but it was changed into stand-up sty le. So, we had to recognize that this is the time to change styles and manufacturing processes of furniture. As such phenomenon has been established as a flow of society. Korean furniture industry that had no experience in production of necessary furniture hod to imitate foreign furniture and had many trials and errors in doing that. Customers had to purchase foreign imported furnitur e though they complained it. Our traditional methods to make furniture did not deal with the flow of changing society in design or utility. Therefore. CUITent status of Korean furniture markets should be identified and in what aspects there are problems should be examined. Finally, this study is to find out the problems to prepare countermeasures, However, it focuses on presentation of necessary information to improve competitive power in export through effective management of problems, rather than raw materials. manufacturing processes or improvement of design. In the future. we need further studies to take care of more specific problems.

옻칠과 나전을 이용한 문화상품 개발 연구

김정필(Kim, Jung-Pil) 한국조형디자인학회 2007 조형디자인연구 Vol.10 No.1

Accessories have been used to ornament human bodies. The time when accessories appeared in the human history differs according to regions, but the oldest traces of ancient accessories are dated back to the Neolithic age. Its history also differs according to periods of the Neolithic age and it is estimated it was one million years ago. At this time, as people made the rock to be used more beautiful rather than grinding it for functional purpose, they began to realize artistic senses. And they began to represent beauty with their bodies. We found naked women drawn on old murals have hats, long necklaces and bracelets made of natural items such as shells, fish bones and leaves. However, ornaments such as teeth or paws might be also used for showing their bravery when men catch fierce beasts in addition to the purpose for beautiful ornamentation of bodies. Or they might be used for shamanistic charms. From the time when a nation was established at B.C. 3000, accessories that have new meaning, were used to symbolize social status. It is understood when we saw pictures where crowns of kings or religious leaders or their rods are drawn. And it was found that women have more colorful ornaments than men. It was assumed that it might be unnecessary for men to have accessories when they hunt or make battles and women have more powerful desires to ornament themselves than men. Accessories have been developed through various changes according to periods, regions or materials. However, this study does not deal with the transitional process of accessories because it is too complicated, but research and development of Korean traditional accessories using lacquer and mother-of-pearl China admired. We have remains of shell, glass or metal accessories, we have not found examples of mother-of-pearl accessories. We only found its traces in dishes, boxes for clothing, some cases and part of architectural decoration. It is assumed that mother-of-pearl was not very popular as a material of accessories and a target of owning as value of shells was not very high, and coloring was not developed. As such reasons disappeared in modern age, it has been used for accessories. However, it can not be produced in mass quantity because of its weak durability and complex producing process and it has a problem in competitive prices. Therefore, this study aims at developing mother-of-pearl products as one popular item of accessories by solving the problem and focusing on its scarcity.

문법화 중의 기능화와 주관화의 상관관계 : 중국어 어기범주와 개사(전치사)를 중심으로

김정필(Kim Jeong-Pil) 동북아시아문화학회 2010 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.2010 No.5월

최근 인지어법의 대두는 주관성 표현이라는 인지분석을 통해 언어연구의 새로운 방향성을 제시하고 있다. 특히 주관성 표현의 기제로서의 주관화는 문법화의 일종으로 간주되면서도, 기능화와는 서로 다른 차이점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 주관화와 기능화가 문법화 과정에서 어떠한 내용을 표현하고 있으며, 또 어떠한 형식을 통해 드러나는가를 살펴보고자 한다. 첫째, 기능화와 주관화의 차이는 분포위치는 그에 따른 어법기능과 의미내용의 주관성 강약을 통해 드러난다. 따라서 대표적인 어기범주(mood category)인 어기부사와 어기조사가 왜 문두와 문미라는 상대적인 분포위치가 주관성 강약의 중요한 형식기제가 될 수 있을 것이라는 것은 고찰한다. 둘째, 중국어에서 술어를 중심으로 분포하는 부사어와 보어의 어순차이를 통해 주관성 강약의 차이를 고찰해 보고자 한다. 우선 시간순서원칙에 근거하여, 전치수식어인 부사어는 화자의 주관성이 강하게 드러낸다는 사실을 전제한다. 그리하여 후치수식어인 보어는 오히려 본래의 주관의도를 객관화하는 경향이 있다는 사실을 증명하고자 한다. 특히 중국어의 개사구조에서 술어 앞에서 부사어로 기능하는 개사는 주관화 과정에 존재하며, 술어에 후행하는 보어로 기능하는 개사는 기능화 과정에 속한다는 사실을 규명하고자 한다. 결과적으로 기능화와 주관화의 차이점은 특정 성분이 일정한 언어환경(구문)에 존재할 때, 어휘로서의 능력을 상실하여 완전히 허화되는 것은 기능화로 파악할 수 있다. 이와 반대로, 주관화는 의미의 추상화를 통해 허화가 진행되고 있지만, 여전히 어휘성과 자립성을 지니고 또 다른 구문에서는 문장성분으로 기능할 수 있는 특성을 지니고 있다. Along with the appearance of latest Cognitive linguistics, subjectivity analysis appeard. Is projecting direction that is new in language study. In particular, subjectification, grammaticalization's kind that is becoming foundation of cognitive analysis and it is showing difference with existent functionalzation. First, subjectification and functionalzation that detect in grammaticalization process are showing difference development stage and word order. These difference is detected through subjectivity strength and weakness by distribution position. Mood category is classified by head-adverb and tail-particle that is the most representative subjectivity representation and occupy relative distribution position that head-construction and tail-construction. Also, word order difference of adverbial and complement in Chinese language is showing difference of subjectivity strength and weakness. This is associated with speaker's intention. While adverbial is expressed speaker's subjectivity strongly. On the contrary to this, which complement tend to objectify speaker's subjective views strongly. As a result, grammaticalization may become language analysis that is perfect for the time when progress objectivity of the event and speaker's subjectivity at the same time through great bandit viewpoint, is subjectification of meaning and functionalzation of expression.

‘개사현공’의 이론적 가능성과 활용 방안

김정필(Kim Jeong Pil)(金正必) 대한중국학회 2017 중국학 Vol.61 No.-

본문은 중국어에서 존재여부를 놓고 논란이 되고 있는 ‘개사현공’이 과연 영어의 전치사 좌초(Preposition stranding)’와는 다른 중국어 특유의 어법이론으로써 가치를 지닐 수 없는가, 또 비록 이론적 가치가 없더라도 다른 어법연구나 교학에 어떻게 활용될 수 있을까에 대해 고찰해 보고자 하였다. 사실 중국어에서 개사현공’이 일어난다는 주장은 본래 개사의 목적어가 선행 정보에 있거나 혹은 유추가 가능할 경우에 목적어 없이 개사 단독으로 출현할 수 있다는 것이 주된 초점이다. 하지만 반대파의 견해는 중국어의 주요 특징은 목적어가 생략이나 탈락을 하는 것이 아니라, 오히려 ‘개사구조의 삭제’나 ‘개사구조의 보류’를 통해 ‘개사현공’을 피하려 한다는 것이 주요 초점이다. 그런데 중국어 ‘개사현공’의 어법화 과정은 우선 ‘현공’된 성분이 본래 개사인지에 대한 의문에서 출발하여, 다시 어법화 과정, 그리고 이후에 나타난 어휘화까지 모두를 ‘개사현공’의 범주에 넣고 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 보인다. 그래서 본문은 ‘개사현공’의 존재여부에 대한 논쟁보다는 이러한 이론의 도입이 중국어 연구에 얼마나 효용적인 활용될 수 있을까에 초점을 두고 연구해야 함을 주장하고자 한다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of examines the arguments of each scholar about the occurrence of the ‘hanging in the air’ phenomenon of the Chinese ‘preposition’ studied against the ‘preposition stranding’ of the English language. In addition, we conducted a comparative analysis of the causes and methods of the various appearance patterns of ‘preposition stranding’. Although it can be said that the expression of preposition stranding in English and preposition stranding in Chinese may be similar or different from each other depending on the viewpoint. In other words, the predicate object is left in front of sentence and the preposition remains alone in the ‘wh-’ phrase of English. The Chinese preposition stranding is the same as the point where the object which was after the proposition is omitted and only the preposition remains. But, it is different in that it formed a direct relationship with the verb predicate and did another syntactic function or lexicalization. Currently, two opinions are still conflicting about the presence or absence of the ‘preposition stranding‘ in Chinese linguistics, but in the academic community the opinion that there is no preposition stranding within China is dominant. The reasons why it is difficult to explain the dropout of the Chinese preposition are as follows. First of all, because it was from the company there is a possibility to be lexicalized. Secondly, it is difficult to explain the phenomenon omission phenomenon caused by functional features in simple syntax.

건식 염색무늬목을 이용한 가구의 표면장식 디자인 개발연구

김정필(Kim, Jung-pil) 한국조형디자인학회 2010 조형디자인연구 Vol.13 No.2

산업사회로 들어서며 대량생산되는 목제품의 수급을 위하여 무분별한 목재의 남획은 지구의 균형을 파괴하고 이로 인하여 목재의 고갈과 이상기후를 가져옴으로서 더 이상의 계획 없는 남벌은 규제를 받게 되었다. 때문에 일상생활에 사용되는 가구 재료로 금속이나 플라스틱, 석재, 패브릭 (fabric) 등으로 대치하거나 응용하여 사용하고 있지만 목재가 가지고 있는 고유의 인간 친화미(親和美)는 다른 재료가대신하기 어렵다. 이런 상황 하에서 과거 원목(原木) 위주의 가구 재료를 합판이나 집성목, MDF 등으로 목재가공을 개발하여 보충 하고 있으나 가공목재는 기존 가구에 사용하던 원목보다 재질이나 색감, 경도(硬度) 면에서 떨어지고 있다. 이렇게 떨어지는 미감(美感)을 보완하기 위하여 습식무늬목을 접착하여 표면의 질감과 색을 원목과 같은 느낌이 나도록 하였지만 습식무늬목은 내구성이 약하여 수명이 길지 않았다. 이러한 점을 보완하기 위하여 건식무늬목을 개발하였으며 이번 논문에서는 건식 무늬목을 사용하여 가구의 장식적인 효과와 내구성을 보강하였다. 건식 염색 무늬목을 이용하기 위해서 표면이 평활한 MDF를 사용하였는데 접착과정이 습식 무늬목과는 달리 열경화성 수지를 이용한 접착과 우레탄(urethane paint)도장이 필요하였고 이것은 수작업(手作業)으로 가능하지가 않아 설비를 갖춘 공장에서 협조를 받아 제작 하였다. 더 나아가 단순한 원목무늬목을 접착한 것이 아니라 한국 전통 문양을 이용한 패턴디자인을 하여 레이저로 문양을 작업하고 인테리어에 조화될 수 있도록 하였다. 패턴이란 제작지역의 특성을 나타낼 수 있는 요소이므로, 원목의 가공으로 형태에서 지역을 나타내던 방식과는 또 다르게 가구산업에서 활용할 수 있는 중요한 요소의 하나로서 활용할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 과거 전통가구의 제작은 가내공업의 수작업으로 일관하였으나 현재 가구 제작공정은 각 공정마다의 특별한 기술을 적용함으로서 보다 차원 높은 결과를 달성할 수 있음으로 무리한 단일 공정만을 고집할 것이 아니라 각 공정을 전문화 하여 여러 가지 재료와 기술이 그리고 디자인을 협업 하는 것이 중요하다는 결론을 얻었다. With growing demand of wooden products in our industrialized society, insensible use of wood destroyed the balance of the earth, depleted wood and caused abnormal weather conditions, which resulted in development of regulations against reckless deforestation. Therefore, metal, plastic, stone or fabric have replaced wood for materials of furniture, but friendly feeling wood gives can not be replaced by other materials. Under this circumstance, veneer, laminated boards, and MDF supplement it as materials for furniture, But artificial wood is lower in quality of color and hardness than hardwood. To complement low aesthetic sense, wet patterned wood was attached to represent the same texture and colors as those of hard wood, but it did not last long due to weak durability. Dry patterned wood was developed to compensate the weakness, and this study used it to strengthen the decorative effect and durability of furniture. In this study, MDF whose surface is broad was used to apply dry-type dyed wood. As its attaching process needs attachment through thermoset resin and urethane paint as not for wet patterned wood, and it can not be processed manually, it was made in a factory with facilities of the process. Furthermore, Korean traditional patterns were designed for this process and were represented with lasers for harmony with interiors. As patterns can represent local features of the local area, they can be an important element to be used for furniture industry. In conclusion, traditional furniture was consistently manually made but modern process of furniture making can accomplish higher quality using specific techniques for each process. Therefore it is suggested that a diversity of materials and techniques should be developed based on professional processes and cooperation for design rather than a single process is pursued.

프린팅기법을 이용한 하이글로시가구에 대한 연구

김정필(Kim Jung - Pil) 한국조형디자인학회 2009 조형디자인연구 Vol.12 No.1

In Korea, the furniture industry has developed since early times because of its local characteristics. Until the Goryeo period, stand-up living style and furniture were used due to an influence of China, but as sedentary living style was adopted in the Joseon period, structures of all the furniture were changed accordingly. However, in modern society, as western lifestyles were introduced and sedentary lifestyle was preferred because its convenience, the types of furniture changed a lot. However, as academic circles or industries relating to furniture imitate western furniture or import it insensibly rather than adapting it to our life and tradition, our furniture is losing its characteristics and furniture industry is falling down to the level of imitating products from other countries. As this society is globalized with similar human bodies or life styles, the styles of furniture are becoming similar. However, in an aspect of design, production of furniture with regional or industrial features can brings competitive power to furniture industry, but imitation only causes us to keep following advanced countries or industries. In addition, modern society is different from the time when wood, a natural material, was mainly used to make furniture. As new materials such as metal, fabric and plastic or new technologies and techniques to process them are developed, the aspect of furniture industry is rapidly changing. Customers continue to prefer wood furniture. To meet the needs of customers, many vinyl products were developed, but they did not satisfy our tactile sense or emotion though they had visual similarity. In this situation, we need further studies on how furniture can satisfy the needs of customers and have competitive power in furniture industries. To improve this present situation that collection of material lumber is limited for natural protection and we have more consumption than production of lumber, we should change the way we have used lumber so far. We should develop techniques to process and ornament plywood or M.D.F materials to make characteristics furniture of our own, which will contribute to formation of a new tradition of furniture making. So to overcome the disadvantages in the exterior of plywood or the materials of M.D.F, it is suggested that coating techniques should be developed. There are many coating techniques, but as durability of color-coated exterior is lacking though it looks beautiful, its disadvantages are exposed over time and it is suitable for furniture which is cheap or is only used for short period, but inappropriate for more elegant and durable furniture. To overcome such disadvantage, as our ancestors added Korean traditional paper to wooden furniture, we have developed a technique that decal comania is printed on acrylic fiber to decorate and protect the exterior of M.D.F. With this technique, we can make beautiful decorations of furniture which seems to be made of more elegant materials though furniture is made of M.D.F.

주관화와 기능화의 상관관계 고찰

김정필(Kim Jeong Pil) 한국중어중문학회 2010 中語中文學 Vol.47 No.-

열응답성 Poly ( N-isopropylacrylamide ) / Clay 나노복합재료의 합성

김정필(J . P . Kim),유성구(S . G . Lyu),배광수(K . S . Bae),서길수(Gil Soo Sur) 한국고분자학회 2001 폴리머 Vol.25 No.2

주관성 표현의 형식에 관한 연구

김정필 ( Jeong Pil Kim ) 한국중국언어학회 2007 중국언어연구 Vol.0 No.25