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- 저자 : 김정섭(Kim Jeongseop) (검색결과 16 건)
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김정섭(Kim Jeongseop),오내원(Oh Naewon),김경인(Kim Kyungin) 한국농촌경제연구원 2016 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-
Background of Research There are many family farms in rural Korea. Most of those families can’t maintain their livelihood without jobs other than their own farming. Pluriactivities are not only very important livelihood strategy for farm households but also parts of the mechanisms that support rural communities’ social and economic sustainability. This study aims to figure out the current pluriactivities in rural Korea in order to give some implications for policy agendas about agriculture and rural development. Method of Research Various methods and data were employed. The preceding researches have been reviewed. Analysis on the current situation of pluriactivity has been conducted with a survey and some interviews. On the basis of these analyses, we drew some implications for policy-makers and researchers to consider when they design any policies. Research Results and Implications There has been a perspective on agricultural/rural development, that agricultural development which is represented by ‘scale enlargement’ and ‘professionalization’ is the very rural development. This perspective is a powerful one in designing national agricultural and rural development policy. Based on this perspective, pluriactivities which are found in many family farms are just minor and temporary phenomena. However, in rural Korea, pluriactivity is prevalent livelihood strategies of farm families. Pluriactivity family farms are 83.7% of all the family farms, implying that family farming is the most dominant mode of farming in Korea. We specified four family farms’ pathways by the levels of income from their own farming and other gainful activities, as followings: (1) scale enlargement and specialized farm development, (2) deactivation of agriculture, (3) peasant development, and (4) pauperization. In rural Korea, pauperization and deactivation of agriculture were furthered for the recent 10 years. Prices of agricultural products became so low that continuing to farm was hardly worthwhile in many rural communities, so deactivation of agriculture has occurred. For some farm households, the social networks that sustain their livelihoods have been eroded. Because of severe decrease in population, many farm households lost access to another economic activity, so pauperization has occurred. Much of pluriactivities, to be exact, off-farm activities are media for farm families to participate in community. According to the structure of labour markets in the specific rural areas, those activities are limited or opened to farm households. In recent years, we can find vigorous collective actions in some rural communities such as community businesses, cooperative movements and various community development activities. Those activities can be regarded as endogenous rural development projects. And, in many cases, those activities appear as off-farm activities.
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사회적 농업, 농업과 농촌의 탈영토화* - 홍성군 장곡면 사례 -
김정섭(Jeongseop Kim) 한국농촌지도학회 2018 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.25 No.3
In South Korea, a few kinds of social farm ing practice are identified: care farm ing, labour integration, and training in farm ing sector. Although social farm ing is not a prevailing activity in rural com m unities, it attracts m uch attention from a range of actors in society. In H ongseong-gun, from a few years ago, tw o farm s began to care and em ploy the m entally disabled and to train young new com ers w ho w ant to grow crops in the w ay of organic farm ing. Both of them are cooperatives, w hich w ere established by the residents w ant to participate in. These m ovem ent has m ade som e changes in the com m unity. And now , it becam e the w ell-know n cases of social farm ing as w ell as m ulti-functional agriculture. Social farm ing can be described as a praxis to deterritorialize the units of agricultural production and the rural com m unity, w here food em pires im posed their ordering principle upon units of agricultural production in order to appropriate the value added by farm ing.
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김정섭(Kim, JeongSeop),정유리(Jeong Yuri),유은영(You Eunyoung) 한국농촌사회학회 2019 農村社會 Vol.29 No.1
현상학적 사회학 전통에서는 흔히 농촌 지역사회를 일상에서 당연히 주어지는 소여라고 여겨진다. 그러나 농촌 지역사회는 주민들의 일상생활에서 사회적으로 구성되는 실재다. 어떤 의미에서는 한국 농촌에 지방 사회가 많이 있지만, 지역사회는 사라졌다고 말할 수 있다. 농촌 지역사회는 특정 지역 주민들이 집단적으로 뭔가를 하려 할 때 비로소 인지되는 출현적 속성이다. 그 같은 출현적 속성의 연쇄가 긍정적 결과를 낳을 때, 이를 두고 ‘지역사회의 발전’이라고 말할 수 있다. 홍동면·장곡면 지역에서 인터뷰와 참여관찰을 바탕으로, 협동조합 등 다양한 사회단체가 주도하는 집단행동의 지속적인 연결망 구축 과정으로서 농촌 지역사회의 발전을 서술했다. 조사·분석 결과를 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 주민들은 지역사회에서 공유하는 서사를 바탕으로 지역사회의 문제에 대응하기 위해 조직을 만든다. 둘째, 지역사회의 서사는 분화하거나 재구성될 수 있다. 이러한 서사의 변화와 함께, 지역사회 조직이 변화하거나 다른 조직으로 전환할 수 있다. 셋째, 지역사회 조직이 활동하는 장소는 지역사회 발전 과정에서 변화, 확대, 이동된다. 넷째, 외부와의 접촉은 종종 지역사회의 문제를 새로운 서사로 표현할 수 있는 계기를 만든다. 다섯째, 큰 규모의 자원을 동원하여 지역사회가 대응하거나 해결해야 하는 문제에 직면하면 지역사회 외부와의 연결망 또는 지역사회 내 대형 조직의 협력이 중요해진다. Rural communities are often regarded as a kind of what is given and identified with lifeworld in the tradition of phenomenological sociology. But a rural community is a socially constructed reality in residents" everyday lives. In a sense, we can say that there are many local societies in rural South Korea, but local communities have been disappeared. Rural community has an emergent property that is visible only when residents in a specific area tries to do something collectively. Therefore, development of rural community stems from combining different collective actions, which has own purpose. Based on the interviews and the participatory observations at Hong-Dong and Jang-Gok areas, we tried to shape development of rural community as a process of continuous unfolding web of collective actions, which are initiated by diverse community organizations such as cooperatives. Some findings are as followings. First, residents make community organizations to respond to community"s problem that were identified by the reference of community narratives. Second, the narratives in the community can be differentiated or reshaped newly. Along with those change of narratives, community organizations can be differentiated or transformed into another organization. Third, places on where community organizations acts are changed, enlarged, or moved in the development of community. Fourth, contacts with the outside agent often provide a chance at which the existing problems in community can be expressed by a new narrative. Fifth, facing the problem that the community responds or solve by mobilizing much resources, networking with some big community organizations or the outside actors from the community becomes the major challenge.
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김정섭(Kim JeongSeop),안석(An Sok),이정해(Lee JungHae),김경인(Kim KyungIn) 한국농촌경제연구원 2017 한국농촌경제연구원 정책연구보고서 Vol.- No.-
Background of Research Social Farming means all activities that use agricultural resources in order to promote social inclusion in rural areas. Increased focus on social farming and the recent discussions in Korea drives this research. The study aims to delve deeply into the current status of social farming in rural Korea and draw some policy implications. Method of Research Three types of methods were used. Previous studies on other countries and Korea were reviewed to explore concepts and cases of social farming. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to analyze on the practices of social farming in rural Korea. Also, Q-method was chosen for gaining information on perception of stakeholders involved in social farming. On the basis of these analyses, this study derived some implications for policy makers and researchers to consider when they design policies. Research Results and Implications The study defined social farming as practices that utilize agricultural resources to pursue social inclusion according to the literature reviews and case studies. In addition, ‘social inclusion’, ‘social innovation’ and ‘social economy’ were considered as explaining the main characteristics of social farming. Based on the results, this study deduced the following implications. Firstly, it is asked to determine the range of policy sectors to effectively counter further development. Second, it is suggested to be operated on the cooperative. Third, it is required to establish linkage with the health care systems. Last but not least, it is necessary to be circumspect to make ineffective qualifications or policy regulations.
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김정섭(Jeongseop Kim),김종인(Jongin Kim) 한국농촌지도학회 2017 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.24 No.1
Returning to farming and rural village is one of the most hot social issues in Korea. Therefore, the government has tried to make up a policy program, which aims to support for the urban residents to get appropriate informations and to make right decisions about returning to farming and rural village. For the sparsely populated rural communities, this phenomena are some good opportunities for their sustainable development. The government needs the resasonale prospect on returning to farming and rural village, because their policy program should be made on the basis sound data and information. But, with the current data about returning to farming in Korea, it is impossible to make an econometrical model that can forecast the population who will return to farming and rural village. So, we tried a delphi method to sketch the future returning to farming and rural village. The delphi panels gave us some prospects on the issues. They anticipated that the population of returning to farming will increase for the next five years. And, they recommended some policy directions.
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김정섭(Jeongseop Kim),김경인(Kyungin Kim) 한국농촌사회학회 2017 農村社會 Vol.27 No.1
농가의 다중경제활동은 가계 유지 및 재생산 과정에서 중요한 살림살이 전략이다. 일상적인 경제활동이 지역사회 구성원의 사회적 관계에 배태된 농촌에서, 농가의 다중경제활동은 농촌 사회 유지에도 기여한다. 이 연구의 목적은 그동안 간과되었던 다중경제활동의 실태를 분석하고, 그 특징을 밝히는 데 있다. 다중경제활동은 농가들 사이에 일반화되어 있다. 농가가 ‘노동-소비 균형’을 달성하려는 의지의 발현이자, 최근 10여 년 사이에 ‘빈곤화’ 또는 ‘농업 열화’의 경로를 걸어온 적지 않은 농가들의 소득 안정화와 깊은 관련이 있다. 그리고 인구가 줄어 경제활동 기회가 축소된 농촌 지역사회의 필요에 대응하려는 내생적 발전의 실천 형태로 나타나고 있다. 농가의 다중경제활동을 촉진하려는 정책이 고려해야 할 점을 다음과 같이 제시하였다. 첫째, 농촌 지역경제에서 잘 활용되지 않은 채 남아 있는 자원, 특히 노동력을 활용해야 한다. 둘째, 농업 활동을 병행해야 하는 농가 구성원들은 활동 시간이 고정되지 않은 비정규화된 일자리에 더욱 쉽게 접근할 수 있다. 셋째, 농가의 다중경제활동은 겸업 창업보다는 취업 방식으로 실행되기가 쉽다. 넷째, 특정한 인구사회학적 위치를 점하는 고령자, 여성 등의 다중경제활동 필요에 부응하는 정책을 개발하는 데 힘써야 한다. 다섯째, 농촌 지역사회의 내생적이고 집합적인 실천을 조직하는 가운데 농가의 다중경제활동 기회를 제공할 전략을 모색해야 한다. Most of family farms can not maintain their livelihood without jobs other than their own farming. Pluriactivities are not only very important livelihood strategy for farm households but also parts of the mechanisms that support sustainability of rural communities. This study aims to figure out the current pluriactivities in rural and give some implications. Pluriactivity family farms are 83.7% of all family farms, implicating that it is the most dominant mode of farming in Korea. Pluriactivities are related to income stabilization of family farms. Moreover, Much of pluriactivities appeared as a collective actions in some rural communities such as community businesses, cooperative movements and various community development activities. Those activities can be regarded as endogenous rural development. Considerations to develop pluriativities are as follows. Labour force in rural area should be used properly. Non-regular jobs and employment can be more appropriate to farm household member. Policies to meet the needs of the elderly, women should be developed. Pluriactivities should be carried out through endogenous and collective practice of rural communities.
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