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김응호,허순철,조진규 ( Eoung Ho Kim,Soon Cheol Hur,Jin Kyu Cho ) 한국물환경학회 1997 한국물환경학회지 Vol.13 No.4
Calcium ion and pH of leachate from converter slag as phosphorus crystallizer were measured with respect to diameter and space velocity(SV) for stable crystallization. Since conventional crystallization process in municipal wastewater treatment requires calcium concentration over 70㎎/L and usually secondary effluent includes Caz^(2+) concentration of 40㎎/L, it must be leached above 30㎎/L from converter slag itself which is the critical concentration to judge the effective slag duration. Diameter of used slag was ranged from 0.4 to 2.0㎜. As the leaching pH of all slag media is over 11.0, the slag process needs the additional pH decreasing adjustment. When using below l.0㎜ diameter of slag media under the space velocity of 2hr^(-1), the effective duration lasted 40days. When using slag ranged from 0.42 to 2.0㎜ under the space velocity of lhr^(-1) and 2hr^(-1) , the effluent Ca^(2+) concentration maintained over 30㎎/L until 40days, but in case of SV of 3hr or above the critical 30㎎/L cannot be obtained from initial operation.
정석탈인법에서의 (晶析脫燐法) 정석재특성에 관한 비교 연구
김응호,임수빈 ( Eoung Ho Kim,Soo Bin Yim ) 한국물환경학회 1995 한국물환경학회지 Vol.11 No.2
The characteristics of optimum seed crystals for phosphorus removal have been studied comparatively by a column reactor for the leaching test and the phosphorus removal test by crystallization. As seed materials, phosphorus rock, electron arc furnace slag, blast furnace slag and converter slag have been chosen. The converter slag shows the most leaching quantity of Ca^(2+) and OH ion among the above slags. The average phosphorus removal efficiencies of phosphorus rock, electron arc furnace slag, blast furnace slag and converter slag are 35.9%, 74.2%, 99.1%, 94.5% under 20, l7, 24 and 158 days water flowing condition, respectively. X-ray diffraction pattern shows that blast furnace slag and converter slag transform from amorphous to crystalline phase. The SEM observation reveals that the finely distributed cubical crystalline are formed on the surface of converter slag during the crystallization period. The composition ratio (=Ca/P) of crystalline analyzed by EDS mapping is found to be 1.97 which is determined to be hydroxyapatite. By comparing the 4 seed crystals in technical and economical aspects, it is concluded that the converter slag is the best seed material for phosphorus crystallization process.
김응호,김영환,정동용,유재형 ( Eung Ho Kim,Young Hwan Kim,Dong Yong Chung,Jae Hyung Yoo ) 한국공업화학회 1997 공업화학 Vol.8 No.1
본 연구에서는 질산매질에서 UV 광조사에 의한 옥살산 분해연구가 수행되었다. UV 광원은 2537 의 파장을 방출하는 수은램프가 사용되었다. UV 광조사에도 불구하고 옥살산 자체는 분해되지 않았다. 그러나 질산매질하에서 UV 광조사에 의해 옥살산은 쉽게 분해되었다. UV 광조사에 의해 NO₃-으로부터 발생되는 산소라디칼이 옥살산을 분해시키는 것으로 조사되었다. 옥살산 분해율은 질산 0.5M 부근에서 최대를 이루다가 질산농도 증가에 따라 점차 감소하였다. 이것 역시 산소라디칼과 NO₃- 사이에서 반응으로 쉽게 설명될 수 있다. Decomposition of oxalic acid was studied in nitric acid media by using UV radiations. The UV source is Hg-lamp, emitting 2537 , wavelength. Oxalic acid was not decomposed by itself in spite of UV radiation, but in the presence of nitric acid decomposed easily under UV radiation. It is believed that oxygen radical generated from nitrate ion by UV radiation results in the decomposition of oxalic acid. Decomposition rate of oxalic acid reached a maximum in around 0.5M HNO₃ and then gradually decreased with nitric acid concentration. Thd decrease can be also explained to be due to the reaction between oxygen radical and NO₃-.
김응호,김영환,정동용,신영준,유재형,최청송 ( Eung Ho Kim,Young Hwan Kim,Dong Yong Chung,Young Joon Shin,Jae Hyung Yoo,Cheong Song Choi ) 한국화학공학회 1996 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.34 No.2
The Kinetics of the decomposition of H₂O₂ in the acidic solution was investigated. The investigation was conducted within the range of HNO₃ concentration of 0-4 M at temperature of 70, 80 and 90℃, respectively. The decomposition reaction is first order with respect to [H₂O₂] and is enhanced by acid-catalytic effect above HNO₃ of 2 M. The rates are as follows; In[H₂O₂]/[H₂O₂]_0= -2.23×10^(10) exp(-18200/RT) ·t ([H^+]<2M) In[H₂O₂]/[H₂O₂]_0=-[2.23×10^(10) exp(-18200/RT)+2.1×10^(12) exp(-21200/RT) ([H^+] -2)] ·t ([H^+]>2M) The effect of UO₂^(+2), Nd^(+3), Pd^(+2), F^(+3), MoO₂^(+2), Sr^(+2), and Cs^+ on the decomposition of H₂O₂ in the solution were examined too, and the rate was compared with that obtained from metal ion-free solution.
김응호,유기상,조진규 ( Eoung Ho Kim,Ki Sang Yoo,Jin Kyu Cho ) 한국물환경학회 1996 한국물환경학회지 Vol.12 No.4
A completely mixed batch system was used to investigate the effects of Ca^(2+), alkalinity and temperature on the phosphorus removal efficiency per specific surface area and the long-time phosphorus removal characteristics, when the converter slag powder was used for phosphorus removal. As alkalinity of wastewater increased, phosphorus removal rate and pH gradually decreased. It was because Ca^(2+), carbonate in wastewater were decreased by producing CaCO₃. Phosphorus removal rate increased in case of temperature and specific surface area increased. For a 80-hr mixing, 0.188 of Ca^(2+) was gushed out per 1g of converter slag. Among this 75.9% came out during first 48 hours and then the amount of Ca^(2+) and pH decreased, and the rate of phosphorus removal decreased significantly. In case of adding converter slag of 1W/V% passing through the 200 mesh at 20℃, a reactoin order m was about 1.055 and rate constant k was about 1.081 hr¹ in the equation of -dt/ dC=kC^m Also, when adding 0.5W/V%, m and k was about 1.42 and 1.0883( mg/L)^(0.42) hr¹, respectively.