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인체 방광암에서 Peroxiredoxin I의 발현에 관한 분석
김은탁,사공혁,김원재 대한비뇨의학회 2008 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.49 No.4
Purpose: Peroxiredoxins(PRDXs) are antioxidant enzymes that play an important role on cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated if the expression levels of PRDX I were related to bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: The mRNA level of PRDX I was examined via real time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in 186 cancer specimens from patients with primary bladder cancer, 73 corresponding samples of normal looking bladder mucosae surrounding the cancer and 21 samples of normal bladder mucosae. We investigated the correlation between the expression levels of PRDX I and the clinico-pathological parameters of the 154 patients who could be followed up more than three years. Results: The expression levels of PRDX I in bladder cancer(0.73pg/ml) were significantly higher that that in the normal bladder mucosae (0.04 pg/ml)(p<0.01) or that in the corresponding normal bladder mucosae surrounding the cancer(0.38pg/ml)(p<0.01). The expression level of PRDX I was not significantly enhanced in the non-recurred(0.87pg/ml) superficial bladder tumor patients compared with the recurred superficial bladder tumor patients(0.63pg/ml), but it was significantly enhanced in the non-progressed(0.82pg/ml) patients compared with the progressed (0.50pg/ml) patients(p<0.05 for each). Conclusions: An enhanced expression of PRDX I is strongly associated with the development of bladder cancer. Moreover, enhanced expressions of PRDX I are also positively associated with a low rate of progression of bladder cancer, and this might be useful as a marker for assessing progression in human bladder cancers. (Korean J Urol 2008;49:300-306) Purpose: Peroxiredoxins(PRDXs) are antioxidant enzymes that play an important role on cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated if the expression levels of PRDX I were related to bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: The mRNA level of PRDX I was examined via real time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in 186 cancer specimens from patients with primary bladder cancer, 73 corresponding samples of normal looking bladder mucosae surrounding the cancer and 21 samples of normal bladder mucosae. We investigated the correlation between the expression levels of PRDX I and the clinico-pathological parameters of the 154 patients who could be followed up more than three years. Results: The expression levels of PRDX I in bladder cancer(0.73pg/ml) were significantly higher that that in the normal bladder mucosae (0.04 pg/ml)(p<0.01) or that in the corresponding normal bladder mucosae surrounding the cancer(0.38pg/ml)(p<0.01). The expression level of PRDX I was not significantly enhanced in the non-recurred(0.87pg/ml) superficial bladder tumor patients compared with the recurred superficial bladder tumor patients(0.63pg/ml), but it was significantly enhanced in the non-progressed(0.82pg/ml) patients compared with the progressed (0.50pg/ml) patients(p<0.05 for each). Conclusions: An enhanced expression of PRDX I is strongly associated with the development of bladder cancer. Moreover, enhanced expressions of PRDX I are also positively associated with a low rate of progression of bladder cancer, and this might be useful as a marker for assessing progression in human bladder cancers. (Korean J Urol 2008;49:300-306)
남성갱년기증상과 혈중 총테스토스테론의 일중변동이 소실된 남성에서의 남성호르몬보충요법
김은탁,이종현,정지훈,조현욱,주현택,박진성,우승효,김대경 대한남성과학회 2010 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.28 No.3
Purpose: It is known that the loss of diurnal rhythm of testosterone by age is related to late-onset hypogonadism (LOH). Currently testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has been recommended only in men with hypogonadism. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of TRT for men with LOH symptoms and the loss of diurnal rhythm of total testosterone but normal values of total testosterone. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 62 patients in whom the difference in testosterone between morning and evening was lower than 108 ng/dl, whose morning values were higher than 300 ng/dl, and who were diagnosed with LOH using the Androgen Deficiency in Aging Male (ADAM) questionnaire. Among the 62 patients enrolled, 44 completed the daily application of 1% testosterone gel or the intramuscular injection of long-acting testosterone undecanoate for the full 20-week period. We compared the data at baseline, and the 8th and 20th week using the Aging Males' Symptoms (AMS) scale, the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-15, the International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS), and the serum levels of total testosterone, prostate specific antigen (PSA), complete blood cell count (CBC), and lipid profile. Results: The mean age was 54.9±7.2 years. Subjects main symptoms were sexual dysfunction and decrease of ejaculate volume. AMS scales before and after TRT were 41.3±18.5 and 35.8±19.7 (p<0.05). IIEF total scores before and after TRT were 29.7±13.7 and 38.9±17.4 (p<0.001). However, 18 patients (40.9%) were not satisfied with TRT and only 11% were fully satisfied. Total testosterone and estradiol were higher after TRT but the other values had not changed. The most common adverse event (27.3%) was erythrocystosis (18.2%). Conclusions: TRT could induce total testosterone to reach the mid-normal level and was relatively effective for aging male symptoms and sexual function. It is essential for physician to inform patients about potential adverse events and the low satisfaction rate associated with TRT even though TRT has generally been effective.
Massive Scrotal Hematoma with Active Bleeding Caused by Sparganum
김은탁,이장영,이재광,양영모,이원석,박경남,성원영 대한응급의학회 2012 大韓應急醫學會誌 Vol.23 No.5
Development of swelling and pain without trauma in a scrotal hematoma is very rare. We report on a case of scrotal hematoma with active bleeding caused by sparganosis. A 75-year-old male patient who presented with left scrotal swelling and moderate pain that started one day ago was admitted to the emergency department. On the computed tomography (CT) scan, a hematoma of greater than 10 cm was observed in the left scrotum and contrast extravasation was observed on the post-enhanced CT scan. Therefore,we concluded massive left scrotal hematoma with active bleeding. The patient underwent immediate surgery, and approximately 200 cc of hematoma was evacuated, and a movable whitish colored sparganum was found and removed. In cases involving development of scrotal hematoma without trauma, confirmed by surgery,sparganosis should be suspected, and should be removed.