한방 임상연구 실무자들의 직무 및 스트레스에 관한 연구

김윤영,유종향,김호석,김윤정,김상혁,이시우,Kim, Yun-Young,Yoo, Jong-Hyang,Kim, Ho-Seok,Kim, Yun-Jeong,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Lee, Si-Woo 사상체질의학회 2011 사상체질의학회지 Vol.23 No.1

1. Objectives: In this research, job and stress of the staffs who is working on clinical trial of oriental medicine involved in the project of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM) was identified. And an efficient way to enhance the working ability of clinical trial of oriental medicine was developed by recognizing the relationship of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance with their stress. 2. Methods: A survey was conducted on 18 staffs in 12 hospitals who is working in the project of The construction of constitutional information collecting system for the scientification of Sasang Constitution. The collected data was analyzed with computer software of SPSS 17.0 3. Results: The research results are as follows: 1. The staffs of clinical trial of oriental medicine responded that they want to receive the rewards for their work with a salary, and they felt that through clinical demonstration followed by SOP and front face photograph are the most difficult works in clinical trial of oriental medicine. 2. Permanent workers showed higher organizational commitment than temporary workers in the relationship of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance with general characteristics(p=0.026). 3. In the relationship of job stress with general characteristics, the workers who are higher than college graduates had dissatisfaction in salary with the highest frequency(p=.004), and the workers whose monthly salary is higher than 2 millions won showed the lowest job stress(p=.021). 4. In the relationship of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance with job stress, as job apprehension stress is increased, job performance is dramatically decreased(p=.027). And as improper salary stress is increased, job satisfaction and organizational commitment is dramatically decreased (p=.018, p=.050). 4. Conclusions: It was clearly evidenced that job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance is closely related with stress of the staffs who is working on clinical trial of oriental medicine. And it is highly recommended that the improvement of working condition and the decrease of job stress can enhance the working ability of them.

레이저 초음파를 이용한 체적종파의 박막 내 전파특성 연구

김윤영(Yun Young Kim) 한국비파괴검사학회 2016 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.36 No.4

본 논문에서는 나노스케일 금속박막 내에서 체적종파가 전파하는 특성을 연구하였다. 실리콘(100) 기판 위에 150 nm 두께의 크로뮴 혹은 알루미늄 박막을 적층하여 시편을 제작하였으며, 펨토초 레이저 시스템으로 구성된 시간영역 열반사율 기법(time-domain theromoreflectance technique)을 이용하여 박막 표면으로부터 여기된 탄성파가 박막과 기판의 계면에서 반향될 때 발생하는 신호를 검출하였다. 체적종파의 거동을 모사하는 열탄성 방정식을 수치해석적으로 풀어 측정값과 곡선맞춤함으로써 박막의 체적종파 속도와 탄성계수를 평가할 수 있었으며, 결과를 문헌값과 비교하여 그 타당성을 검증하였다. 본 연구로부터 확립된 레이저 계측법은 나노재료의 특성평가에 적합함을 보여주며, 이는 기존의 접촉식·파괴식 검사법의 한계를 뛰어넘을 대안을 제시한다. This paper presents the investigation of the propagation behavior of bulk longitudinal waves generated by an ultrafast laser system in thin films. A train of femtosecond laser pulses was focused onto the surface of a 150-nm thick metallic (chromium or aluminum) film on a silicon substrate to excite elastic waves, and the change in thermoreflectance at the spot was monitored to detect the arrival of echoes from the film/substrate interface. The experimental results show that the film material characteristics such as the wave velocity and Young’s modulus can be evaluated through curve-fitting in numerical solutions. The material properties of nanoscale thin films are difficult to measure using conventional techniques. Therefore, this research provides an effective method for the nondestructive characterization of nanomaterials.

레이저 초음파를 이용한 표면파 측정 시스템 개발 및 박막의 탄성계수 평가 응용

김윤영(Yun Young Kim),이정명(Jeongmyung Lee),조창훈(Changhoon Jo) 대한기계학회 2022 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.46 No.3

본 연구에서는 레이저로 여기된 표면파의 전파거동을 이용하여 박막의 탄성계수를 평가하는 측정시스템을 구축하였다. 나노초 펄스 레이저 광을 박막의 표면에 집속시킴으로써 국소적으로 가열된 지점에서 표면파를 생성하였으며, 레이저 간섭계를 사용하여 표면변위를 측정함으로써 시간영역 파형 신호를 얻었다. 실험 결과로부터 탄성계수를 도출하기 위하여 전달행렬법을 이용해 분산곡선을 계산하고 곡선맞춤 하였다. 1.0 μm 두께의 티타늄 박막에 대하여 나노압입시험과 비교검증을 한 결과 6.3% 오차범위 내에서 탄성계수 값이 일치하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 박막의 두께가 240 nm로 줄어들었을 때에 탄성계수는 단지 2.7% 증가하여 크기효과는 미미함을 확인하였다. A measurement system was established to evaluate Young’s modulus of thin films using the propagation behavior of the laser-induced surface acoustic wave (SAW). A nanosecond-laser beam was focused onto the surface of the thin film to generate SAW at the locally heated spot, and its time-domain waveforms were obtained using a laser interferometer by measuring the surface displacement. The transfer matrix method was used to calculate the dispersion curve such that Young"s modulus of the film can be deduced from the experimental data by curve-fitting. A 1.0 μm-thick titanium (Ti) film was tested, and the results were in good agreement with that of the nanoindentation testing with an error percentage of 6.3%. In addition, 240 nm Ti was tested, and only a 2.7% increase in the elastic property was observed, showing that the scale effect is not significant.

Measurement of the Young’s Modulus of a Ceramic Thin-Film Using Gigahertz Longitudinal Bulk Waves

김윤영(Yun Young Kim) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2019 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.36 No.6

사상체질에 따른 신체적 증상에 관한 연구

김윤영,김호석,백영화,유종향,김상혁,장은수,Kim, Yun-Young,Kim, Ho-Seok,Baek, Young-Hwa,Yoo, Jong-Hyang,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Jang, Eun-Su 사상체질의학회 2011 사상체질의학회지 Vol.23 No.3

1. Objectives: This clinical study was conducted to understand the differences between Sasang constitutional types and to identify the physical symptoms presentation specific to each Sasang constitutional type. 2. Methods: In this descriptive study, 2,629 subjects (1,061 Taeeum-type, 683 Soeum-type, 885 Soyang-type) were surveyed between Nov 1, 2007 and Jul 31, 2010. The subjective symptoms experienced by the subjects were collected using a Physical Symptoms questionnaire, and the subjects were interviewed by Sasang specialists who determined the subjects' constitutional type. The data (in crude number and percentage) was analyzed on the general characteristics, Sasang constitutional type, and physical symptoms using the SPSS 17.0 software. The symptomatic presentation in men and women were analyzed on Sasang constitutional distribution using the chi-square test. 3. Results: 1) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type were as follows: 'frequent aphthous lesions in the oral cavity', 'lingering fatigue after sleep', 'headache', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', and 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; 'physical deterioration presenting as problems in perspiration' and 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type; and 'excessive forgetfulness' in the Soyang type. 2) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type in men were as follows: 'Unilateral or bilateral headaches, 'frequent aphthous lesions in the oral cavity', 'common cold symptoms presenting as rhinorrhea or nasal congestion', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', and 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; and 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type. 3) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type in women were as follows: 'common cold symptoms presenting as headaches', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; and 'pain in knees', 'redness of eyes', 'dryness of mouth', 'common cold symptoms presenting as coughing', 'physical deterioration presenting as problems in perspiration', 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type. 4. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that physical symptoms present in constitutional type-specific patterns. Understanding of the personal Sasang constitutional type and systematic, personalized healthcare based on constitutional typology is anticipated to contribute to improved health management strategy.

고속 마이크로 외팔보 공진시험을 통한 나노스케일 티타늄 박막의 탄성계수 평가

김윤영(Yun Young Kim) 한국표면공학회 2017 한국표면공학회지 Vol.50 No.5

The Young’s modulus of a nanoscale titanium (Ti) thin-film was evaluated using a high-speed microcantilever resonating at the megahertz frequency in the present study. A 350 nm thick Ti film was deposited on the surface of a silicon microcantilever, and the morphology of the film was analyzed using the atomic force microscopy. The microcantilever was excited to resonate using an ultrasonic pulser that generates tone burst signals and the resonance frequency shift induced by the deposition of Ti was measured using a Michelson interferometer. The Young’s modulus was determined through a modal analysis using the finite element method and the result was validated by the nanoindentation testing, showing good agreement within a relative error of 1.0%. The present study proposes a nanomechanical characterization technique with enhanced accuracy and sensitivity.

The Effect of the Aspect Ratio on the Natural Frequency of the Advanced Composite Structures

김윤영,한봉구,Kim, Yun Young,Han, Bong Koo Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures 2014 복합신소재학회논문집 Vol.5 No.4

In this paper. the effects of the aspect ratio on the natural frequency of the advanced composite road structures is studied. The advanced composite structures are too difficult for such design engineers for construction and some simple but accurate enough methods are necessary. Some laminate orientations have decreasing values of $D_{16}$, $B_{16}$, $D_{26}$ and $B_{26}$ stiffnesses as the ply number increases. The plate aspect ratio considered is from 1 to 5. Most of the road structures have large aspect ratios, for such cases further simplification is possible by neglecting the effect of the longitudinal moment terms.

전립선암 환자 양성자치료 시 빔 전달방식에 따른 치료계획 비교

김윤영,염두석,장요종,강동윤,박정훈,Kim, Youn Young,Youm, Doo Seok,Jang, Yo Jong,Kang, Dong Yun,Park, Jeong Hoon 대한방사선치료학회 2013 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.25 No.2

목 적: 전립선암 양성자치료 시 Double Scattering mode (DS)와 Pencil Beam Scanning mode (PBS)에서의 Dose-volume histograms (DVHs)를 분석하여, Conformity Number (CN), Homogeneity indexes (HI)와 선량 별 정상장기의 %Volume을 구하여 선량적합성과 정상장기 보호효과를 비교 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 양성자치료를 받은 9명의 전립선암 환자를 대상으로 Eclipse proton external beam planning system을 사용해 일일선량 2.5 Gy씩 28회, 총 70 Gy가 PTV에 95%가 들어가도록 치료계획을 세웠다. 치료 계획된 DS와 PBS 각각의 DVHs로 PTV의 CN과 HI을 구하여 비교하고 정상장기에 들어가는 선량별 %Volume을 비교하였다. 결 과: PTV의 평균 CN은 DS $0.68{\pm}0.07$에서, PBS $0.79{\pm}0.01$로 16.63% 증가하였다. 평균 HI는 DS $0.12{\pm}0.03$에서, PBS $0.09{\pm}0.01$로 -22.66% 감소하였다. 직장을 제외한 전 관찰자의 모든 정상장기에서 DS보다 PBS에서 들어가는 %Volume이 감소하였고, PBS에서 평균 왼쪽 대퇴골 두에 30 Gy 이상 들어가는 %Volume이 -79.93%로 가장 많이 감소하였으며, 평균 직장에 70 Gy 이상 들어가는 %Volume이 -3.03%로 가장 적게 감소하였다. 결 론: 따라서 전립선암 환자 양성자 치료 시 PBS가 DS보다 선량 적합성에 도달하는데 효과적이며, 정상장기에 들어가는 불필요한 선량을 낮추는데 좋고 특히 대퇴골 두에 들어가는 불필요한 저 선량을 감소시키는데 탁월한 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: After making two plans, the Double Scattering (DS) Mode and The Pencil Beam Scanning (PBS) Mode, of patients on early prostate cancer, we not only compare the dose conformity and the dose homogeneity by analyzing each DVH, CN and HI, but also evaluate normal structures's sparing effect on each mode. Materials and Methods: Planes about nine patients, who did proton therapy, on prostate cancer was setted using the Eclipse proton external beam planning system. The prescription dose, every $2.5 Gy{\times}28$ fractions=70 Gy, was delivered to the PTV. The CN and the HI were getted by anlazing each DVHs for the DS Plan and the PBS Plan. Also, normal structures' %volumes according to dose of the PBS are campared with those of the DS. Results: The average CN of the PTV is increase 16.63% from DS $0.68{\pm}0.07$ to PBS $0.79{\pm}0.01$, and the average IN of the PTV is decrease -22.66 % from DS $0.12{\pm}0.03$ to PBS $0.09{\pm}0.01$. The PBS has litter %Volumes of normal structures than the DS about every patient except Rectum. The average %Volume of Left Femoral Head receiving ${\geq}30$ Gy shows most high decreasing rate, -79.93%, from DS to PBS and the average %Volume of Rectum receiving ${\geq}70$ Gy shows most low decreasing rate, -3.03%, from DS to PBS. Conclusion: Therefore, the PBS is more effective achieving the dose conformity and the dose Homogeneity than DS, and better to reduce unnecessary dose arriving normal structures, especially the femoral heads.

표면확산계수의 국부적 제어를 통한 실리콘-게르마늄 박막상 표면구조물의 정렬에 관한 수치해석적 연구

김윤영,한봉구,Kim, Yun Young,Han, Bong Koo 한국전산구조공학회 2015 한국전산구조공학회논문집 Vol.28 No.1

본 논문에서는 헤테로 애피택시(heteroepitaxy) 박막의 표면확산계수를 국부적으로 제어하여 표면에서 형성되는 나노구조물이 정렬되는 과정을 수치해석적으로 연구하였다. 격자 불일치 물질계(lattice-mismatched materials system)의 탄성변형에너지와 표면자유에너지, 그리고 습윤에너지를 고려하여 박막의 변형거동에 대한 지배방정식을 도출하였으며, 확산계수의 활성화 조건이 성장에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 해석결과는 주기함수 형식으로 표면확산계수를 제어하면 표면구조물이 배열 형태로 정렬됨을 나타내며, 이는 노광 및 식각 과정을 거쳐야 하는 포토리소그래피(photolithography)로부터 탈피한 바텀업(bottom-up) 방식의 공정방법에 규칙성을 부여하여 차세대 나노기기의 개발에 일조할 것으로 기대된다. This paper presents a numerical study on the alignment of ridge-like surface structures evolving on silicon-germanium thin films under localized modulation of surface diffusivity. A situation is considered in which the surface diffusion of film material is selectively promoted such that its morphology is perturbed to periodic patterns. To simulate the growth behavior, a governing equation is formulated taking the surface chemical potential into account, and its solution is numerically sought using a finite-difference method. Results show that an initially planar surface coalesces upon the diffusivity modulation, and the surface structures can be aligned by changing the frequency of modulation condition. This research suggests a bottom-up fabrication technique that can manage the regularity of surface structures for thin film devices.

군 무선네트워크 환경에서 적용 가능한 보안 터널링 기법 연구

김윤영,남궁승필,Kim, Yun-young,Namkung, Seung-Pil 한국융합보안학회 2015 융합보안 논문지 Vol.15 No.4

무선통신기술의 급격한 발달로 인해 상용기술을 접목한 군의 통신 기반체계 또한 무선체계 위주로 변하고 있다. 하지만 군의 통신은 비밀스러운 내용이 많을뿐더러 특히 물리적으로 보안시스템이 불완전한 무선 환경에서는 적의 위협이 더욱더 증가될 것으로 예상된다. 최근 차세대 전술네트워크 통신 시스템이 All IP 기반의 무선체계로 전력화될 예정이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 무선 환경에서 예상되는 위협요소를 살펴보고 이에 대한 적절한 터널링 기법에 대해 연구해 본다. Due to the rapid development of wireless communication technology, foundation system of military communication that is based on the daily use technology has been changed in to wireless system. However, military communication contains clssified information, and it is expected to have increase amount of enemy's there in such a imperfect security system. The next generation of tactical network communication system is expected to adopt All IP based wireless system. This research studies expected threatening factor on the wireless environment, and find the appropriate tunneling techniques.