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한국현대시 해석과 전통문학의 감각 : 한시(漢詩)의 경우를 중심으로
김용직 국어국문학회 2004 국어국문학 Vol.- No.138
The purpose of this work is to study the relationship between Modern Korean poetry and Classical Korean poetry in Chinese. Classical Korean poetry in Chinese has a history of more than 2,000 years. In the Koryo and Choson period, Chinese characters were central to the culture of Korea. At that time, a lot of classical Korean poems in Chines were written by the educated class, some of them were superior to Chinese poems. In the Modern period, Korean poetry strongly had the Western impact. As the result, the modern poetry of the West such as Great Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the United states and so on was imported and translated. Since then, Korean poets has written the modern poetry within the discontinuity of the tradition of classical Korean poetry in Chinese. This tendency that prevailed not only in the poetics but in the criticism resulted to various problems of the interpretation in modern poetry of Korea. Han yong-un is one of the most important poets in the history of modern poetry in Korea. When he was young, he studied Chinese letters and read some Chinese works. When he was grown up, he became a buddhist monk. He remained many excellent classical Korean poems in Chinese, based on the study of the Buddhist scriptures, because most of Korean buddhist monks had to learn the Buddhist scriptures through the Chinese letters. He also wrote a lot of beautiful Korean poems, <Al-soo-upseoyo (I don't Know)> is one of his masterpieces. The last part of this poem is as follows. Burn ashes become fuel again. My endlessly burning heart, whose night does this flickering lamp illumine? A Korean critic interpreted these lines as a 'Love song'. But we can realize this is a wrong interpretation when we carefully look up his classical Korean poetry in Chines. Most of the classical Korean poems in Chinese written by Han yong-un reflected the Buddhist thought and spirit. Those are metaphysical poetry.<Al-soo-upseoyo (I don't Know)> is one of the metaphysical poetry. Some of Korean critics, however, misinterpreted this poem as a 'Love song' because of the influence of the West, which has lots of love songs in its literature. It may be a new direction in poetics to analyze the structure of classical Korean poetry in Chinese. The theory of metaphor has been studied actively in modern criticism of the West. P. Wheelwright defined the metaphor is the combination of the two elements and a juxtaposition. He tried to analyze one of E. Pound's poetry, In a Station of th Metro as the example. The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough 'Apparition' and 'petals' are juxtaposed in these two lines. The modifying phrases of them have the same pattern. But it can be differently interpreted from the standpoint of the characteristic of respective words in the lines. In the first line, 'these faces defined by 'the crowd' is noun(pronoun) but 'wet' and 'black' in the second line are the adjective form. So these lines are not the complete juxtaposition grammatically. If we know 律詩 (Lu shih, Regulated verse), one of the forms of classical Korean poetry in Chines, the problems we faced here can be overcome. 律詩 consists of 8 lines. Line 3, 4 and line 5, 6 are strictly formed as a couplet. This is line 3, 4 of 黃眞伊(Whang Jin-i)'s poem, <奉別蘇判書世讓>(Bong Byul So Panseo Se-yang, Parting from a Lover), in the period of King Joongjong in the Choson dynasty. 樓高天一尺 In the pavilion that soars into the sky 人醉酒千觸 We have got drunk over many cups of wine The pattern of the third line is Noun+Modifier+Noun+Modifying phrase and the forth line has the same pattern. The strict rule of a couplet is kept. This two lines are juxtaposed not only in the form but also in the context. This strict juxtaposition relates organically to the meaning structure of this poem. It is impossible to use the strict juxtaposition by the Korean language and the Western languages - English, German, French, Italian, Russian and so on. 律詩, however, shows lots of examples of the strict juxtaposition in the theory of metaphor. We can have the meaningful outcome in the understanding of Korean poetry when we understand the tradition of classical Korean poetry in Chinese.
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김용직,최연왕,김영진,Kim, Yong-Jic,Choi, Yun-Wang,Kim, Young-Jin 한국건설순환자원학회 2015 한국건설순환자원학회 논문집 Vol.3 No.3
본 연구는 고품질의 재생골재 제조시 발생하는 폐콘크리트 미분말을 콘크리트용 혼화재료로 활용하기 위한 연구이며, 분말도는 $928cm^2/g$인 폐콘크리트 미분말에 대하여 검토하였다. 폐콘크리트 분말의 주요 특징은 시멘트와 유사한 각진 입형을 나타내고 있었으나 입자 표면에 수화생성물들이 부착되어 있었다. 또한 시멘트와 비교하여 폐콘크리트 분말의 입자 크기는 크게 나타났으며, 화학성분은 $SiO_2$ 함량이 높게 나타났다. 한편, 도로포장은 대부분이 표층에 불투수층인 아스팔트 및 시멘트 콘크리트를 사용한 포장으로 노상과 표층이 차단됨에 따라 노상의 흙은 점진적으로 산성화가 진행되어 영양물질이 부족하여 미생물이 서식하지 못하게 될 뿐만 아니라 토양의 건조화가 진행되어 여러 가지 환경문제가 발생하고 있다. 연구 결과 개발된 Road Compound 및 New Road Compound로써 표층흙을 고화시킬 목적으로 사용할 경우 압축강도를 5MPa에서 최대 29MPa정도까지 발현시킬 수 있으므로 흙포장 도로의 사용목적에 따라 즉 압축강도가 12~15MPa 범위에서는 보도 및 자전거도로용, 15~18MPa 범위에서는 경교통로 및 주차장용, 18~25MPa 범위에서는 일반도로용으로 사용이 가능할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한, Road Compound 및 New Road Compound의 혼합률을 조정하면 지반개량공사에 있어 연약지반 개량 및 안정처리용 등으로 폭 넓게 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study is conducted to utilize waste concrete powder (WCP) made as a by-product manufacturing high quality recycled aggregate. The blaine fineness of the used waste concrete powder was $928cm^2/g$. As the main characteristic of waste concrete powder, it showed an angular type similar to cement, but hydrated products were attached on the surface of particles. In addition, the size of the particles of waste concrete powder was larger than OPC and in terms of chemical components it had higher $SiO_2$ contents. For using WCP in soil cement-based pavement, the qualities, physical and chemical properties, of WCP should be researched. In the first step, the specified compressive strength of mortar for two types of clay sand soil and clay soil respectively was experimented to be 15 MPa and then optimum mixing ratio of chemical solidification agent were decided in the range of 1.5 - 3.0% in the replacement with cement weight content. In the second step, based on the prior experimental results, recycling possibility of WCP in soil cement-based pavement was studied. In the result of experiment the mixing ratio of WCP were 5, 10, 15 and 20% in the replacement with soil weight and the compressive strength of mortar was somewhat decreased according to the increase of the mixing ratio of WCP.
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김용직,김영진,최연왕,김상철,Kim, Yong-Jic,Kim, Young-Jin,Choi, Yun-Wang,Kim, Sang-Chel 한국건설순환자원학회 2013 한국건설순환자원학회 논문집 Vol.1 No.3
상동지역 중석광 광미의 품질 특성을 파악하기 위해 XRD 및 PSA를 사용하여 광물학적인 특성을 검토하였다. XRD분석 결과 상동지역 중석광 광미내에는 석영(quartz), 녹니석(chlorite), 회장석(anorthite) 그리고 코디에라이트(cordierite) 등이 함유되어 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 또한, 상동지역 중석광 광미의 용출 특성을 파악하기 위해 광미를 혼합한 모르터를 제작하여 KSLT의 규정에 의해 실험한 결과 폐기물 관리법 시행규칙에 제시된 유해물질 함유 기준값 보다 낮은 결과를 나타내었으며, 특히, 고루슬래그 미분말의 혼합률이 증가할수록 중금속의 농도는 감소함을 알 수 있다. This study has focused on the possibility for recycling tailings from the Sangdong tungsten mine (TA) as admixture for concrete. TA has been accumulating for several decades in Sangdong, a region in Korea, and there is a growing demand for alternative uses for this hazardous substance. In particular, the use must be in accordance with the hazardous materials stipulations under the Korean waste control act. This study showed that TA presented pH of 8.0-9.3, 18.7-22.0% of water content, 2.7% of maximum ignition loss. The chemical composition of TA showed minute differences from each depth of sampling that represented approximately 50% of $SiO_2$ and 13% of both $Al_2O_3$ and $Fe_2O_3$. The chemical composition of Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb from mortar incorporating TA showed lower levels of hazardous materials which met the specifications of the waste control act in Korea. The TA mortar also appeared very effective for stabilizing/solidifying heavy metals particularly when used in conjunction with SG.
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