전단 및 휨파괴형 부재가 혼합된 저층 R/C 건물의 내진성능 평가법 제안

김용인(Kim Yong-In),위정두(Wi Jeong-Du),이강석(Lee Kang-Seok) 대한건축학회 2009 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.29 No.1(구조계)

Current rapid-screening methods, such as the Screening Phase of FEMA 310 and the First Level Procedure in Japanese Standard, have been developed to evaluate seismic capacities of a large number of existing buildings in a short time. Therefore, if the rapid-screening methods can screen out existing safe buildings reasonably, these methods will be useful strategy including economical aspects. In the current methods, however, the seismic capacities of reinforced concrete(RC) buildings controlled by both shear and flexure have not been fully discussed, also these are mainly focused on the strength capacity to withstand earthquake motions without demand for ductility. The purpose of this study is to propose a new rapid-screening method for more reasonably evaluating the seismic capacities of low-rise RC buildings. In this study, the equations of damage judgement and seismic capacity evaluation for quantitatively estimating the seismic performance were developed. In order to investigate a practical applicability of the proposed method, on the other hand, seismic capacities of two RC building examples including a pure frame and a frame with shear walls are evaluated based on the proposed method.

경추부 손상에서 자기 공명 영상법의 진단적 유용성

김용인 ( Yong In Kim ),노기철 ( Ki Cheul Noh ),강영준 ( Young Joon Kang ),임용수 ( Yong Su Lim ),양혁준 ( Hyuk Jun Yang ),이근 ( Gun Lee ),진욱 ( Wook Jin ),황성연 ( Seong Youn Hwang ) 대한외상학회 2004 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

Background: Simple cervical X-rays often miss cervical spine injuries. Magnetic resonance imaging is valuable in these cases. The aims of this study is to determine high-risk factors of the cervical injuries, and to contribute to make indications of cervical MRI in evaluation of blunt trauma patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the patients who visited our ED due to nuchal pain and examed by simple cervical X-ray and cervical MRI after blunt trauma. We analyzed the incidence of abnormal MRI findings in various patients groups. We also compared the incidence of missed cervical spine injury by level of injured spine. We thought cervical MRI to be goldstandard of this analysis. Results: The incidence of abnormality on cervical MRI is higher in male patients than female patients (p<0.01). Old (age≥40) patients frequently shows abnormal cervical MRI findings than young patients (p<0.001). In patients who had neurologic abnormality, the incidence of abnormality on cervical MRI is higher than neurologically normal patients (p<0.001). But, mechanisms of injuries and associated injuries are not related to the incidence of abnormality on cervical MRI. Injuries of lower cervical spine (C7) are frequently missed than those of other cervical spines (p<0.01). Conclusion: When evaluate cervical injuries in male, old, and neurologically abnormal patients, we must consider cervical MRI although the simple cervical X-ray is normal. We must pay more attention to lower cervical spine injuries than other cervical spine injuries.

일개 응급센터에 내원한 외상성 혈관손상 환자의 임상적 특성

박용면 ( Yong Myeon Park ),염석란 ( Seok Ran Yeom ),정진우 ( Jin Woo Jeong ),한상균 ( Sang Kyun Han ),조석주 ( Suck Ju Cho ),류지호 ( Ji Ho Ryu ),김용인 ( Yong In Kim ),정성운 ( Sung Woon Chung ) 대한외상학회 2009 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

Purpose: The mortality and the amputation rates due to vascular trauma remain high despite advanced vascular surgical techniques and supportive management. The clinical features of patients with vascular trauma have not been well studied in the Korean population. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with vascular trauma and to develop a database and guidelines for improving the outcomes of treatment. Methods: The medical records of 37 patients with traumatic vascular injuries who had visited in an emergency center between January 2002 and December 2006 were retrospectively reviewed and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean age was 37.8 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 5.2:1. The mechanism of vascular trauma was penetrating in 18 patients and blunt in 19 patients. Upper extremities were most frequently injured (39.4%). The treatment methods were primary repair in 21 patients, exploratory laparotomies in 7, radiological interventions in 3, resections and graft interpositions of the pseudoaneurysm in 3, observations in 3 and a bypass graft in 1. Four out of the 37 patients died, and three of these who died had injuried abdominal vessels. Twenty-five of the patients recovered completely, four expired, seven had neuropathy in the course of treate-ment, one had his limb amputated, and one experienced wound necrosis. Conclusion: Peripheral vessel injuries are commonly accompanied by nerve, muscle, or tendon injuries. Patients without associated fractures or compartment syndrome had good prognosis. Although the time intervals from hospital arrival to definite treatment were the shortest among patients with blunt abdominal vascular injuries, three expired. Therefore, we offer a `critical pathway` to improve the outcomes of patients with blunt abdominal vascular injury. (J Korean Soc Traumatol 2009;22:5-11)

50세 이상의 연령에서 전방십자인대 재건술의 임상적 결과

이광원,김용인,서동욱,차용한,김갑중,최원식,Lee, Kwang-Won,Kim, Yong-In,Seo, Dong-Wook,Cha, Yong-Han,Kim, Kap-Jung,Choy, Won-Sik 대한정형외과스포츠의학회 2010 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지 Vol.9 No.2

목적: 50세 미만 및 50세 이상의 환자에서 전방 십자 인대 재건술 시행의 임상적 결과를 후향적으로 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 7월부터 2008년 4월까지 전방 십자 인대 재건술을 시행 받은 환자 중 50세 이상(평균 55.1세) 18예, 50세 미만(평균 31.2세) 198예를 대상으로 하였으며, 평균 추시 기간은 50세 이상이 24개월, 50세 미만 군이 26개월 이었다. 임상적 평가는 Lysholm 점수 및 IKDC (International Knee Documentation Committee) 평가 기준을 사용하였고 전방 전위 정도는 KT-2000 관절 계측기를 이용하였으며 두 군간의 최종 추시 시의 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 결과: Lysholm 점수는 50세 이상 군에서는 69.5점에서 93.6점으로 호전되었으며, 50세 미만 군에서는 69.0점에서 92.6점으로 호전되었다(p<0.05). IKDC 평가 기준에 의한 최종 평가상 50세 이상 군의 83% (15예)에서 거의 정상(B) 이상의 결과를 보였고, 50세 미만군의 86% (170예)에서 거의 정상(B) 이상의 결과를 보였다(p<0.05). KT-2000 관절 계측기를 이용한 전방 전위 검사 상 건측과의 평균 전위차가 50세 이상 군에서는 술전 7.4 mm에서 최종 추시 시 2.2 mm로 감소하였고, 50세 미만 군에서는 술 전 7.1 mm에서 최종 추시 시 2.0 mm으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 결론: 50세 이상 군과 50세 미만 군에서의 전방 십자 인대 재건술의 임상적 결과는 두 군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 50세 이상 환자에서도 만족할 만한 전방 십자 인대 재건술의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. Purpose: To compare the clinical results after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) between above the 50 years old patients and below the 50 years old patients retrospectively. Materials and Methods: The results obtained 18 patients above 50 years old (mean age 55.1) and 198 patients below 50 years old (mean age 31.2) who underwent reconstruction of the ACL between July 2004 and April 2008. Clinical evaluation was performed with the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm knee score scale. Anterior displacement of knee was measured by KT-2000 arthrometer. Results: Lysholm scores improved from 69.5 to 93.6 in patients above 50 years old, from 69.0 to 92.6 in patients below 50 years old (p<0.05). According to IKDC score, results more than nearly normal was 83% (15 cases) in patients above 50 years old, 86% (170 cases) in patients below 50 years (p<0.05). The mean difference of anterior displacement measured by KT-2000 was decreased from 7.4 mm to 2.2 mm in patients above 50 years old, from 7.1 mm to 2.0 mm in patients below 50 years old (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the patients above 50 years old and below 50 years old. In patients above 50 years old, the reconstruction of ACL obtained satisfactory results.

단가아민 산화제 A CA 반복 유전자 다형성이 한국 알코올의존 남자환자의 행동특성과 임상양상에 미치는 영향

이정식,양병환,이경미,김홍관,김용인,채영규,Lee, Jung-Sik,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Lee, Kyung-Mee,Kim, Hong-Kwan,Kim, Yong-In,Chai, Young-Gyu 대한생물정신의학회 2000 생물정신의학 Vol.7 No.1

이 연구는 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성에 따라 알코올의존 환자에서 행동 및 성격특성 그리고 임상양상의 차이를 알아봄으로써 유전자형과 표현형과의 관계를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 이 연구 결과 임상양상에서 S군에 비해 L군의 임상양상이 보다 부정적인 양상을 보이고 있었다. 이는 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성이 음주양상을 변화시키는 역할을 할 가능성을 시사하고 있다. 그렇지만 이러한 영향이 유전자의 직접적인 인과관계로 설명하기는 어렵고 간접적이고 이차적인 영향에 따른 결과로 생각해 볼 수 있겠다. 또한, 행동특성에서 L군이 S군에 비해 전체적으로 공격성이 많았고 자기주장적 태도가 강했다. 그리고 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성의 대립유전자 길이가 자기주장적 태도와 상관관계가 있었으며 이러한 자기주장적 태도를 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성의 대립유전자 길이가 부분적으로 설명하고 있었고, 자기주장적 태도가 강한 환자의 경우 길이가 긴 대립유전자를 가질 가능성이 많았다. 공격성도 그 자체가 여러 가지 측면을 가지고 있는 복합적인 행동특성이기 때문에 전체 공격성을 어느 하나의 유전자만으로 설명할 수 있을 것으로 기대하는 것은 비현실적이다. 그렇지만 이 연구에서 자기주장적 태도는 분화된 공격성의 한 측면이어서 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성이 일부분이지만 설명을 할 수 있다는 것을 시사하고 있어, 연구자들은 이 연구가 향후 유전자형이 공격성 같은 표현형을 설명하는 연구들에 있어 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 아직까지 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성과 MAOA 활성도와의 관계가 명확하지 않고 대사산물과의 관계도 설명이 어려운 실정이어서 향후 이에 대한 연구들이 필요하겠다. There are several candidate genes in genetic study of alcoholism. Among them, allelic associations have been reported between MAOA CA repeat polymorphism and alcohol dependence, recently. And also, several studies have been investigated genotype-phenotype relationships between MAOA CA repeat polymorphism and clinical manifestations. The authors tried to identify differences in allelic frequency of MAOA CA repeat polymorphism between alcohol dependence and controls, and in behavioral trait and clinical characteristics according to MAOA CA repeat polymorphism. We also tried to investigate genotype-phenotype relationships between MAOA CA repeat polymorphism and behavioral trait such as aggression. We examined 49 male patients with alcohol dependence(DSM-IV) who had been admitted in Yong-In Mental Hospital from June 1st 1998 to October 31th 1998. We performed semistructured interview for demographic and clinical characteristics. Self-report questionnaire for BDHI(Buss-Durkey Hostility Inventory) was given to all subject at least 4weeks later after admission. Using polymerase chain reaction and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, MAOA CA repeat polymorphism were observed in 52 male controls and 49 male patients with alcohol dependence. We devided alcoholic patients into two groups according to allelic length of MAOA CA repeat polymorphism ; alcoholics with short alleles(${\leq}$119bp, N=20) and alcoholics with long alleles(${\geq}$123bp, N=29). T-test, ${\chi}^2$-test and Fisher exact probability test were used for statistical analysis. There were no significant differences in frequency of each allele and short and long alleles of MAOA CA repeat polymorphism between alcoholics and controls. But there were significant differences in clinical symptoms and behavioral trait between alcoholics with short and long alleles. In clinical symptoms, alcoholics with long alleles used alcohol more frequently during one month before admission, had much more maximum amount of beer drinking and reported withdrawal seizure more frequently than with short alleles. In contrary, alcoholics with short alleles expressed depressed mood and guilty feeling more frequently and wanted complete abstinence as a treatment goal more frequently than with long alleles. In behavioral trait, alcoholics with long alleles had higher total aggression score and showed much more self-assertive attitude(subscale of expression of aggression) than with short alleles. Allelic length of MAOA CA repeat polymorphism was correlated with self-assertive attitude and accounted for 9% of the variance of self-assertive attitude. And also, predictable variables of allelic length of MAOA CA repeat polymorphism were drinking frequency and self-assertive attitude. Our findings suggest that MAOA CA repeat polymorphism may provide some behavior modifying role especially in self-assertive attitude and indirect symptom modifying role in Korean male alcoholics.

다발성 중증 외상 환자들의 치료에 대한 응급 외상팀 운영의 효과

이성화 ( Seong Hwa Lee ),조석주 ( Suck Joo Cho ),염석란 ( Seok Ran Yeom ),류지호 ( Ji Ho Ryu ),정진우 ( Jin Woo Jung ),한상균 ( Sang Kyun Han ),김용인 ( Yong In Kim ),박맹렬 ( Maeng Real Park ),김영대 ( Young Dae Kim ) 대한외상학회 2009 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.22 No.2

Purpose: We performed this study to determine how the emergency trauma team affects the treatment of patients with multiple severe trauma and to discuss the effect and the direction of the emergency trauma team`s management. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 518 patients who visited our emergency department with severe trauma from August 2006 to July 2008. We divided the severe trauma patients into 2 groups: patients before and after trauma team management (Group 1 and Group 2). Then, we compared demographic characteristics, mechanisms of injury, and treatment outcomes (lengths of stay in the ED, admission ratio, and in-hospital mortality) between the 2 groups. In the same way, patients with multiple severe trauma were divided into 2 groups, that are patients before and after trauma team management (Group 3 and Group 4) and analyzed. Results: There was no significant difference, except mean age, between groups 1 and 2. In group 4 patients, compared to group 3 patients, the lengths of stay in the ED were lower (p value<0.001), and the admission ratio were higher (p value=0.017), but there was no significant difference in the in-hospital mortality between the groups 3 and 4. Conclusion: When patients with multiple severe trauma visit the ED, the emergency trauma team`s management can decrease the lengths of stay in the ED and increase the admission ratio, but does not produce a decrease in the in-hospital mortality rate. Further investigations of emergency trauma team management are needed to improve treatment outcomes for patients with multiple severe trauma. (J Korean Soc Traumatol 2009;22:172-78)

카르복실산 합성전구체로서의 (合成前驅體) 옥탄나트릴의 생성반응에 관한 연구

김용인,오양환,김광식,이동우 ( Yong In Kim,Yang Hwan Oh,Kwang Sik Kim,Dong Woo Lee ) 한국유화학회 1989 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Using the quarternary ammonium salts as phase transfer catalyst, the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1-chlorooctane with sodium-cyanide was investigate kinetically with respect to the formation of octanenitrile. The product was analyzed with gas chromatograph, and quantity of octanenitrile was measured. The reaction condition was considered by the effect of the reaction temperature, of the species and the amount of catalyst, of the speed of strirring, and of the concentration of reactants. The reaction was carried out in the first order on the concentration of 1-chlorooctane and sodium cyanide, respectively. The over-all order was 2nd. The activation energies for the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1-chlorooctane and 1-bromooctane under tetrabutylammonium hydrogen-sulfate were calculated as 2.05 and 10.08kcal/mol, respectively. The effect of various caltalysts was decreased in the order of tetrabutylammonium bromide, terabutylammonium, tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfate, and tetrabutylammonium lodide. The reaction rate was dependent on the concentration of sodium-cyanide dissolved in the aqueous phase, and the good result was shown when the mol ratio between 1-chlorooctane and sodium cyanide was one per three.

수치모형실험을 통한 콘크리트 구조물의 결함탐지에 관한 연구

김용인(Kim Yong In),변중무(Byun Joong Moo),손권익(Sohn Kwon lk),서백수(Suh Baek Soo) 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.1

In this study, First, the results of travel-time inversion (first arrival inversion using the travel-time of the first arrival) were compared with those of full-wave inversion for numerical data. Numerical experiments to find key parameters other than initial velocity model showed that the frequency of source has a great effect on the result of full-wave inversion. Finally, this research presented the corrected full-wave inversion applying the correction term to the final result of full-wave inversion. The corrected full-wave inversion depicted cavities inside concretes even when the inversion started with 20% error in an initial velocity model for cavities. However, full-wave inversion did not reveal cavities.

최대 날개 두께의 유동방향 위치에 따른 축류홴의 성능변화에 대한 수치해석적 연구

김용인(Yong-In Kim),이슬기(Seul-Gi Lee),이상열(Sang-Yeol Lee),양현모(Hyeon-Mo Yang),김성(Sung Kim),이경용(Kyoung-Yong Lee),양상호(Sang-Ho Yang),최영석(Young-Seok Choi) 한국유체기계학회 2019 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.7

임신 중 발생된 대동맥 박리

김용인 ( Yong In Kim ),강영준 ( Young Joon Kang ),김진주 ( Jin Joo Kim ),노기철 ( Ki Cheul Noh ),정태교 ( Tae Kyo Chung ),양혁준 ( Hyuk Jun Yang ),김지현 ( Ji Hyun Kim ),이지성 ( Ji Seong Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2005 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.48 No.8