도재라미네이트 접착용 레진시멘트의 색조 안정성에 관한 연구

김영운,박하옥,방몽숙,양홍서,박상원,Kim, Young-Woon,Park, Ha-Ok,Vang, Mong-Sook,Yang, Hong-So,Park, Sang-Won 대한치과보철학회 2007 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.45 No.2

Statement of problems: Long-term success of esthetic restorations, depends on various factors, especially on color stability of the restorations. The color stability is affected by resin cements beneath the porcelain laminate veneers. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to comprehend the color stability of resin cements by comparing with 4 different kinds of resin cements (Choice, Variolink II, Nexus 2, Rely-X). Material and methods: Porcelain laminate disk samples were luted with resin cements. After thermocycling of each 1000, 2000 and 3000 cycle, specimens were measured by spectrophotometers and the color differences were. Results: 1. After thermocycling of 1000, 2000 and 3000cycle, color difference, $({\Delta}E^*)$ of all specimens were incresed, but were not statiscally significant differences. 2. In the Choice of A1 shade and the Nexus 2 of A3 shade, color difference$({\Delta}E^*)$ after thermocycling of 3000cycle was $incre^*ased$ significantly than after thermocycling of 1000cycle. However, other groups did not show any statistically significant differences (P<0.05). 3. After thermocycling of 3000cycle, color difference$({\Delta}E^*)$ between A1 shade and A3 shade of Nexus 2 showed statistically significant difference. However no statistically significant differences were observed in other groups (P<0.05). 4. The mean of color difference$({\Delta}E^*)$ is 1.0-2.06 after 3000 thermocycling and the data were ranked in the ascending order of Variolink II, Nexus 2, Choice and Rely-X in A1 shade group and Choice, Rely-X, Variolink II and Nexus 2 in A3 shade group. Conclusion: Above results revealed that, after 3000 thermocycing, the color difference $({\Delta}E^*)$ of experimental resin cements was within clinically acceptable ranges. Color stability of 4 different resin cements was comparatively excellent.

0.18${\mu}m$ CMOS 공정을 이용한 새로운 고속 1-비트 전가산기 회로설계

김영운,서해준,조태원,Kim, Young-Woon,Seo, Hea-Jun,Cho, Tae-Won 한국전기전자학회 2008 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.12 No.1

최근 급진적으로 반도체 기술이 발전함에 따라 집적회로(VLSI)의 집적도가 향상되고 있으며, 이동통신 및 멀티미디어의 발달로 많은 양의 데이터를 고속으로 처리하기 위한 대규모 프로세서들이 개발되고 있다. 전가산기는 디지털 프로세서와 마이크로프로세서에 있어 매우 중요한 요소이다. 따라서 전가산기 설계 시 전력소비와 스피드의 개선은 중요한 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 일반적인 Ratioed 로직과 패스 트랜지스터 로직을 이용하여 새로운 구조의 전가산기를 제안하였다. 제안된 전가산기는 일반적인 CMOS, TGA, 14T에 비해 좋은 성능을 나타내었다. 제안된 회로는 지연시간의 경우 기존회로의 평균값에 비해 13%우수하였고 PDP(Power Delay Product)비율은 약 9% 정도 우수한 특성을 보이고 있다. 실측 회로의 크기 평가를 위해 0.18um CMOS공정으로 레이아웃을 하고 HSPICE를 이용하여 시뮬레이션 하였다. With the recent development of portable system such as mobile communication and multimedia. Full adders are important components in applications such as digital signal processors and microprocessors. Thus It is important to improve the power dissipation and operating speed for designing a full adder. We propose a new adder with modified version of conventional Ratioed logic and Pass Transistor logic. The proposed adder has the advantages over the conventional CMOS, TGA, 14T logic. The delay time is improved by 13% comparing to the average value and PDP(Power Delay Product) is improved by 9% comparing to the average value. Layouts have been carried out using a 0.18um CMOS design rule for evaluation purposes. The physical design has been evaluated using HSPICE.

비재무적인 효과의 화폐가치화를 위한 IT ROI 평가 시스템 구축

김영운,정기원,Kim, Young-Woon,Chong, Ki-Won 한국정보처리학회 2007 정보처리학회논문지D Vol.14 No.1

IT 투자는 기업의 일반적인 투자와는 달리 직접적인 효과를 계량화하기 어려운 부분이 있기 때문에 경영자가 IT에 투자 의사결정을 내리기가 어렵다. IT 투자에 대한 타당성을 입증하기 위해서는 정보 제공자와 수혜자가 공감할 수 있는 객관적인 평가 체제의 수립과 신규 IT 투자에 대한 경제적 효과에 대한 계량적인 척도 및 측정 방법을 포함한 정량적인 분석 틀을 제시하는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문은 기존의 투자에 대한 타당성을 입증하기 위한 모델들의 장점을 수용하고 단점을 보완한 IT 투자와 그 투자에서 얻어지는 IT 효과를 분석하여 투자타당성을 입증할 수 있는 IT ROI 방법론을 개발하여 5개 업종 21개 기업에 적응한 결과를 반영한 IT ROI 시스템을 구축하였다. 이 시스템에 의해 정보시스템이 기업의 활동에 기여하는 효과에 대한 객관적인 타당성을 확보하여 IT 투자 의사결정을 도와주고, IT 투자를 보다 합리적으로 결정할 수 있어 효율적인 IT 투자가 이루어질 수 있는 체계를 제시한다. When it tomes to IT investment, it's a challenge for the management to make the right decision. Unlike investment in other business area, it's hard to measure direct cost vs. effect in IT business. To validate the investment in IT, it is required to establish objective assessment system that both provider and beneficiary of information can accept, and it is also required to suggest an assessment tool of fixed quantity that includes measuring standards and method for the economic effect of new investment. This study, therefore, has developed IT ROI Methodology that can prove investment validity by accepting the strong points of the existing models while complementing their weak points and by analyzing IT Investment and IT Efforts. It also has built an IT ROI System that reflects the methodology which is applied to 21 companies of 5 business categories. This system is designed to provide effective and objective decision-making tool for IT investment by proving what positive impacts IT could have on business activities.

〈아리랑〉 형성과정에 대한 음악적 연구

김영운(Kim, Young-woon) 숭실대학교 한국문학과예술연구소 2011 한국문학과 예술 Vol.7 No.-

이 논문은 현재 전승되고 있는 아리랑계통 악곡 중 중요한 악곡을 중심으로 몇가지 문제점을 살펴본 글이다. 먼저 다양한 제목으로 전승되는 180여곡의 아리랑계통 악곡 중 제목만으로는 어떤 곡인지 알기 어려운 곡을 대상으로 모곡(母曲)별로 유형을 나누어 보았다. 그 결과 다양한 이름으로 전승되는 아리랑계 악곡의 모곡은 〈구조아리랑〉, 〈밀양아리랑〉, 〈강원도아리랑〉, 〈정선긴아리랑〉 등으로 정리될 수 있으며, 악곡명에 혼동의 여지가 없는 〈(본조)아리랑〉, 〈(경기)긴아리랑〉, 〈진도아리랑〉 등이 아리랑계통 악곡의 중요한 곡목들로 파악되었다. 이어서 강원도지역의 향토음악이었던 〈긴아라리〉ㆍ〈엮음아라리〉ㆍ〈자진아라리〉 등이 경기명창들에 의하여 통속민요화 하는 과정을 살펴보았으며, 이들 악곡이 통속민요화 한 곡이 각각 〈한오백년〉ㆍ〈(서울제)정선아리랑〉ㆍ〈강원도아리랑〉 임을 재확인하였다. 끝으로 강원도의 향토민요인 〈긴아라리〉와 〈자진아라리〉 중 어느 곡이 경기도에 전하여져 경기 아리랑을 파생하였는지를 살펴 본 결과, 강원도의 〈긴아라리(정선아리랑)〉에서 경기도의 〈구조아리랑〉이 파생되었음을 논증하였다. 그리고 〈구조아리랑〉이 신경토리로 변화되어 〈본조아리랑〉이 형성된 것으로 파악하였는데, 그 과정에서 강원도의 〈자진아라리(통속민요 강원도아리랑)〉가 중요하게 참고된 것으로 보았다. This study examines a few issues with some of the important variations of Arirang. About 180 songs with various titles derived from Arirang but unidentifiable by the titles alone have been classified by their original versions, and it has turned out that the originals from which those songs have evolved come down to the four categories of Old Arirang, Miryang Arirang, Gangwondo Arirang, and Jeongseon Gin Arirang. Songs with unmistakable titles such as (Original) Arirang, Gyeonggi Gin Arirang, and Jindo Arirang, are considered particularly important among those songs related to Arirang. The study then investigates the process through which Gin Arari, Yeokkeum Arari, and Jajin Arari, folk songs indigenous to Gangwon Province, became known to the public as Han Obaengnyeon, Seoulje Jeongseon Arirang, and Gangwondo Arirang, respectively, through performances of professional singers of Gyeonggi folk songs. Finally, a probe into which of the two folk songs from Gangwon Province, Gin Arari and Jajin Arari, became Arirang of Gyeonggi Province has shown that it was Gin Arari (Jeongseon Arirang) that later became what is now known as “Old” Arirang. And as Old Arirang took on the mode of New Gyeongtori and developed into what is called Original Arirang, it made close reference to Jajin Arari (or its popular version, Gangwondo Arirang).

국립국악원 제작 PC용 音高分析 프로그램 「높이재기 1.0」을 이용한 正樂大笒 獨奏曲의 音高 및 搖聲 分析

김영운(Kim Young woon) 국립국악원 2000 국악원논문집 Vol.12 No.-

It has been emphasized that acoustic research is necessary to identify Korean music. such acoustic research has been carried out mainly by the scholars of natural science. A pitch measuring programme has recently been developed, which is always available to the musicologists. NCKTPA asked the acoustic research team of New Media Communication attached to Seoul National University to develop a programme to measure pitch of Korean traditional music. It came out in the mane of nopijaegi 1.0 (pitch astimation program 1.0). I wrote this thesis to prove how this programme can be used for the Korean music research. sangyeongsan, cheongseonggok and gyeongpngnyeon played by Kim seong-jin who was the representative taegeum(cross bamboo flute) palyer of the latter 20th century are partially measured and analyzed for the research of pitch and vibrato of Korean traditional music. The following is the result from the research of the very limited subject. In pitch, even some same tones have different pitches according to the pieces. namryeo (湳, c ) has the biggest difference. It is 1051Hz in cheongseonggok, but it is 1087Hz in gyeongpungnyeon. There is a gap of 58cent(about 1/2 half tone) between those two pitches. Yimjong(林, b) shows the smallest difference. Yimjong in sangyeongsan is 468Hz and that in gyeongpungnyeon is 470Hz and the difference is 7cent. We can understand that the real pitch of same tone of the same player can be different from the fact. When we transcribe hwangjong(黃) as Eb, the pitches of the taegeum jeongak is generally higher than temperament whose a is 440Hz. The pitch of jungryeo (㴢, ab ) in gyeongpungnyeon shows the biggest difference, which is 100 cent higher than the temperament. The lowest tone compared to the temperament is namryeo(湳, bb ) in cheongseonggok, which is 7 cent lower than the temperament bb . The interval is also different according to the pieces. The interval of major second is various from 119 cent to 238cent. The interval of minor third is 317-347 cent and it is wider than that of temperament minor third which is 300 cent. The intervals of 4th and 5th or octave are all wider or narrower than the temperament. Two different phenomenon are seen in vibrating tones. Vibrato appears only in the last part when the tone is of long duration. When the tone is of short duration vibrato appears from the beginning. The wave cycle of the former is 306ms and that of the latter is 270ms. The number of vibrations of the former is 3.3 per second, and that of the latter is 3.7 per second. They differ in amplitude, too. The amplitude of the former is 50 cent and the latter has 74 cent of amplitude.

비재무적인 효과의 화폐가치화를 위한 IT ROI의 평가

김영운(Young Woon Kim),정기원(Kiwon Chong) 한국전자거래학회 2006 한국전자거래학회지 Vol.11 No.1

IT 투자는 기업의 일반적인 투자와는 달리 직접적인 효과를 계량화하기 어려운 부분이 있기 때문에 재무적 측정지표만으로 IT 투자의 성과를 제대로 평가 할 수 없다. 따라서 본 논문은 IT 투자와 그 투자에서 얻어지는 비재무적 효과를 포함한 효과를 화폐가치로 변환 후 투자수익률을 분석하는 방법론을 제시한다. 이 방법론은 IT 소유비용을 체계적으로 분석해서 가시적인 비용뿐만 아니라 숨겨진 비용도 파악한다. 또한 IT투자로 인한 재무적인 효과와 비재무적인 효과를 화폐가치화 하여 IT ROI를 산출한다. 본 논문은 정보시스템이 기업의 활동에 기여하는 효과를 객관적인 타당성을 확보하여 IT 투자 의사결정을 도와주고, IT 투자우선순위를 보다 합리적으로 결정할 수 있어 효율적인 IT 투자가 이루어질 수 있는 체계를 제시한다. Unlike typical corporate investments, IT expenditures have direct impact on many aspects of a business, including those that are difficult to quantify. Therefore, financial indicators alone do not do justice to the full effect of an IT investment. Proposed in this paper is a methodology to measure the return on IT investments, including non-financial impacts expressed in terms of monetary values. This methodology shows tangible cost as well as hidden cost by analyzing total cost of ownership. The methodology also produces ROI by performing cost benefit analysis including financial and non-financial factors. This paper suggests a more objective validation of IT's impact on the business activities. It rationalizes investment priorities and provides a systematic approach to effective IT investment.

근단 병소와 관련된 즉시치아이식

김영운(Kim Young Woon) 대한치과의사협회 2002 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.40 No.10

아크릴레이트 올리고머가 PVC 프탈레이트 가소제의 이행성에 미치는 영향

김영운(Young-Woon Kim),김도현(Do-Hyun Kim),배진영(Jin-Young Bae) 한국고분자학회 2018 폴리머 Vol.42 No.4

본 연구는 프탈레이트 가소제가 도입된 연질 폴리(염화 비닐)(PVC)의 가소제 이행성을 저감시킬 수 있는 아크릴레이트계 올리고머의 분자량별 합성 및 그 특성에 대해 살펴보았다. 부틸 아크릴레이트 단량체를 group transfer polymerization 및 라디칼 중합을 이용하여 1000~2500 Da 구간대 분자량별 3종을 중합하였다. 합성된 3종의 분자량별 부틸 아크릴레이트 올리고머가 도입된 연질 PVC 필름을 solution casting으로 제조하였다. 아크릴레이트 올리고머가 첨가된 프탈레이트 가소화 PVC 필름과 첨가되지 않은 프탈레이트 가소화 PVC 필름의 투과도, shore A 경도, 연신율, 열안정성, Tg, 그리고 내이행성을 비교하여 아크릴레이트 올리고머의 도입이 프탈레이트 가소화 PVC의 물성에 미치는 영향에 대해 고찰하였다. In this study, we investigated the effect of acrylate oligomers on the migration properties of phthalate of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). We synthesized various molecular weight acrylate oligomers and characterized the corresponding PVC compounds containing both acrylate oligomer and phthalate plasticizer. First, butyl acrylate monomer was polymerized by both group transfer polymerization and radical polymerization techniques to give the corresponding three oligomers in the molecular weight range of 1000~2500 Daltons. By solution casting method, flexible PVC films containing both phthalate and butyl acrylate oligomers (pBA1000, pBA1800, pBA2500) were fabricated. The corresponding PVC films were fully characterized by studying the film transmittance, shore A hardness, elongation, thermal stability, Tg and the degree of migration properties of phthalate plasticizer.

하키 선수의 자기관리가 자신감과 경기력에 미치는 영향

김영운(Young Woon Kim) 한국사회체육학회 2010 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.40

This study has examined the effect of hockey player`s self-management on confidence and performance so that it can awake the importance of hockey player`s self-management and ultimately improve confidence and overall performance so that it can awake the importance of self-management. For this purpose, 250 hockey players who have registered to Korea Amateur Sports Association in 2010 at present have been chosen as a universe by random sampling method. Available data of 237 subjects on the relation between self-confidence and performance has been analyzed utilizing SPSS 14.0 program and the results are as follows. First, considering the effect of hockey player`s self-management on confidence, mental management, discipline management, interpersonal management and body care have a meaningful effect on ability proof, and mental management, discipline management and body care have a meaningful effect on social support. In addition, interpersonal management and body care have meaningful impact on coach quality, and mental management, discipline management and body care have meaningful influence on mental and physical preparation. Second, as to the effect of hockey player`s self-management on performance, mental management and discipline management have a meaningful effect on the sub-factors of performance, the will to win and the ability display.

IT ROI에 의한 투자 타당성 평가 방법론 연구

김영운(Young Woon Kim),정기원(Kiwon Chong) 한국전자거래학회 2006 한국전자거래학회지 Vol.11 No.1

시장 환경 변화가 심한 상황에서 정보화로 기대되는 효과가 기업의 성과에 직결되지 않는 한 적극적인 IT 투자는 기대하기 어렵다. 경영자의 IT 투자 의사결정을 유도하기 위해서는 IT 투자의 사전평가를 통해 그 투자의 타당성을 입증하는 것이 중요하다. 본 논문은 IT 투자와 그 투자에서 얻어지는 효과를 사전에 분석하여 투자타당성을 평가할 수 있는 방법론을 제시한다. 이 방법론은 IT 소유비용을 체계적으로 분석해서 가시적인 비용뿐만 아니라 숨겨진 비용도 파악한다. 또한 IT투자로 인한 재무적인 효과와 비재무적인 효과를 화폐가치화 하여 IT ROI를 산출한다. 본 논문은 IT 투자의 객관적인 투자 타당성을 평가하여 IT 투자 의사결정을 지원하고 효율적인 IT 투자가 이루어질 수 있는 체계를 제시한다. It is difficult to justify an IT investment unless the investment is expected to have a direct impact on a corporation's performance under rapidly changing business environment. It is important to demonstrate the benefit of the investment through a pre-investment assessment process to induce the executive's decision. This paper presents a methodology to assess the investment by analyzing cost and benefit of the investment. This methodology shows tangible cost as well as hidden cost by analyzing total cost of ownership. The methodology also produces ROI by performing cost benefit analysis including financial and non-financial factors. This paper suggests a systematic way to support IT investment decision marking process by evaluating the investment objectively.