저전력 근거리 통신을 위한 QAPM 변조의 설계와 압축 센싱의 적용

김소라(So-Ra Kim),유흥균(Heung-Gyoon Ryu) 한국전자파학회 2012 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.23 No.7

본 논문은 저전력 통신을 위하여, 압축 센싱에 적용한 QAPM 변조 방식을 제안한다. QAPM 변조 방식은 QAM 변조 방식과 PPM 변조 방식을 결합한 방식으로써, 자리(PPM의 posion) 개수가 늘어날수록 심볼 간의 거리가 멀어져 BER 성능과 전력 효율을 향상시킨다. 또한, 자리개수를 늘릴수록 대역이 손실 발생될 수 있으나, 성김(sparsity) 특성은 증가된다. 이러한 높은 성김 특성은 Nyquist 속도 이하의 샘플링으로도 완전하게 신호를 복원할 수 있는 압축 센싱에 적용하기에 매우 적합하다. 따라서 본 논문은 압축 센싱에 적용된 QAPM 시스템이 수신기에 있는 ADC(Analog Digital Converter)의 부담을 줄이면서도 BER 성능을 향상시키는 저전력 시스템임을 시뮬레이션을 통해 확인하였다. In this paper, we propose a QAPM(Quadrature Amplitude Position Modulation) modulation using compressive sensing for the purpose of power efficiency improvement. QAPM modulation is a combination technique of QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) and PPM(Pulse Position Modulation). Therefore it can decrease the transmission power and improve BER performance. Moreover, even if the band width is widened when the number of positions is increased, high sparsity characteristic caused by position number can be applied to compressive sensing technique. Compressive sensing has recently studied as a method that can be successfully reconstructed from the small number of measurements for sparse signal. Therefore, the proposed system can lower price of receiver by reducing sampling rate and has performance improved by using QAPM modulation. And the results are confirmed through simulations.

신라 허리띠의 조형성과 상징성에 관한 분석연구

김소라( Kim, so-ra ) 한국조형디자인학회 2008 조형디자인연구 Vol.11 No.4

Looking back Korean history, the period of three states showed the most advanced culture of ornaments. Particularly, Silla produced numerous pure gold ornaments, praised by neighboring Japan as the nation of splendid gold and silver. The ornaments in Silla are shaped in the most sophisticated and beautiful manner, making it no doubt that Silla enjoyed the golden era of Korean ornament history. Silla took a very important part in the Korean art history and its arty ornaments clearly reflect Korean ancestors creative and supreme aesthetic sense. This study will compare and analyze the formative characteristics and symbolic meaning of the waist belt ornaments of the Silla kingdom which covered waist and lower half of one's body with pure gold. The ornaments attracted as much attention as the golden crown unearthed in the Silla royal tomb, and shows how splendid the golden culture the ancient Silla kingdom enjoyed. The waist belt ornaments used two to three times more amounts of gold than the golden crown and thus, they are deemed to fully reflect the craft technique and aesthetic sense of the Silla. The practise of attaching ornaments to waist belts started for superstitious and practical purposes both when priests or nomads hang the stuffs like hand knife or drug case around their waists. Then, as time goes by, those stuff transformed themselves into the ornaments of which shape and material indicate a social position of a person who carried them. In the Silla, only royals can wear golden waist belts and only a few number of nobles were allowed to wear silver waist belts. The waist ornaments unearthed in China or the areas of the ancient Gogurieo kingdom are mainly the coppers plated with gold. In the Silla, however, only the limited number of gold-plate accessories are found and most of relics are silver products. It is noteworthy that pure gold waist belts are found only in the Silla. The shapes and techniques of those ornaments are very sophisticated and further advanced in an excellent manner with the time, showing a unique and special aesthetic sense of each time. This study classified, based on shapes, the types of edging ornamental strips of waist belts which are unearthed relics and recorded in ancient documents, thereby reviewing craft characteristics, and symbolic meaning thereof. In addition, this study reviews metal moulding techniques such as casting, streak, bratticing, buprestid technique, and rattling ornaments technique in a bid to rediscover Korean ancestors' magnificent aesthetic sense.

자연이미지를 모티브로 한 아트메이크업 디자인 연구

김소라(So-Ra Kim),한가영(Ga-Young Han),하문선(Moon-Sun Ha),김선희(Seon-Hee Kim),홍인선(In-Sun Hong) 한국화장품미용학회 2014 한국화장품미용학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Recently, Make-up artistry gives aesthetic purposes and expresses their ideas and themes or creative imaging. In other words, Art Make-up is situated in one of the arts. Thus, this study have tried to provide the theoretical basis for artistic and emotional fantasy make-up design by creating the make-up works of nature image motif. The results of this study, using the most basic techniques of the art make-up techniques and airbrush makeup techniques for taking advantage of the natural image motif in a fantasy makeup was possible. Based on the present study, expects to be presented more emotional make-up design with variety techniques in the follow-up study.

스타트업 기업을 위한 유연적 린 UX 프로세스에 관한 연구

김소라(Kim, So Ra),이지현(Lee, Ji Hyun) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2015 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.15 No.4

빠르게 바뀌는 소비자의 요구와 시장 상황을 반영하기 위해 국내외 기업에서 기존 UX 디자인 방법론에서 낭비 요소를 제거한 린 UX 방법을 활용하고 있다. 하지만린 UX는 아직 초기 단계로 기업에서 체계적이고 효과적으로 활용하기 어렵다는 한계를 가지고 있다. 이러한 배경을 바탕으로 본 논문에서는, 스타트업 기업에서 빠르고 효과적으로 활용 가능한 린 UX 방법론 Toolkit을 개발하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 특히, 다분야 융합팀을 이뤄 빠르고 긴밀하게 협업해야 하는 스타트업 환경을 고려하여 디자이너, 개발자, 기획자가 빠르고 쉽게 의사소통하고 문서를 공유하기 적합한 형태로 Toolkit을 제작하였다. 이를 위해 문헌을 연구하여 린 UX에 활용되는 방법론을 분석하고 목적에 따라 분류하여 가장 활용도가 높은 방법론을 선정하였다. 결과적으로, 본 논문에서는 방법론 사용의 목적과 사용자의 UX 디자인 이해도에 따라 유연하게 선택하여 활용할 수 있는 디자인 유연적 린 UX Toolkit을 개발하였다. In order to reflect the rapidly changing needs of consumers and the market situation, domestic and foreign companies are use the Lean UX method. But, because Lean UX is the early stage, it is difficult to systematically and effectively used from the startup. In this paper the basis of this background, Depending on the understanding degree for UX design at startup, it was aimed to develop a Toolkit that allows use with the flexibility to choose Lean UX methodology. In particular, considering the start-up environments that need to collaborate quickly and seamlessly done by the field team fused designers, developers and planners to quickly and easily communicate and Toolkit was produced in a form suitable for sharing documents. To this end, it analyzes the methodology that is utilized in the phosphorus UX by research literature, are classified according to the purpose, most utilization was selected high methodology. As a result, this paper, we develop a design with flexibility lean UX Toolkit that can be used flexibly depending on the methodology used to select objects and user understanding of UX design.

CXQuery 를 이용한 XML 스트리밍 데이터 필터링

김소라 ( So-ra Kim ),이월영 ( Wol-young Lee ),용환승 ( Hwan-seung Yong ) 한국정보처리학회 2005 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.12 No.2

XML 은 환경에 독립적인 특징으로 인하여 다양한 환경에서 데이터 교환을 위한 표준으로서 자리잡아가고 있다. 특히 분산 환경에서 스트림 데이터들도 XML 을 이용하여 표현되고 있는데 이러한 데이터에 대해 기존의 질의 언어를 사용하여 질의하기 위해서는 사용자들은 XML 문서의 구조를 알아야 하고, 같은 질의의 내용일지라도 XML 문서의 DTD 가 다르게 되면 사용자는 상이한 DTD 에 대해서 모두 다른 질의문을 작성하여야 한다. 이러한 사용자들의 불편함을 없애기 위하여 사용자에게 XML 문서의 구조에 대해서 고려 하지 않아도 검색할 수 있는 CXQuery 의 개념을 도입하여 스트리밍 XML 데이터를 효과적으로 처리할 수 있는 질의 처리 시스템을 구현하였다.

심리운동 신체경험을 위한 스노젤렌(Snoezelen) 적용에 대한 탐색

김소라(So-Ra Kim),최희정(Hi-Jung Choi) 한독심리운동학회 2024 심리운동연구 Vol.10 No.1

이 연구는 다감각환경인 스노젤렌(Snoezelen)에 대해 심리운동 중 신체경험의 적용 가능성을 탐색해 보는 것이다. 이를 위해 국내 문헌을 통해 스노젤렌의 역사, 감각 자극, 효과 등에 대해 고찰하고, 심리운동의 신체경험 관점에서 스노젤렌의 적용가능성을 탐색하고자 하였다. 연구결과 스노젤렌과 심리운동은, 인간의 감각적 자극을 추구한다는 전제로 참여자 선호도 혹은 욕구를 중심으로 자발적 동기 유발을 중시한다는 바탕을 가지고 있다. 또한 시각, 청각, 후각, 촉각, 고유수용감각, 전정감각 등을 지각하고 인지하도록 촉진한다는 측면에서 심리운동 현장에서 스노젤렌의 적용이 유효하다. 스노젤렌 중재의 중요한 측면은 개인의 감각 요구에 따라 개별적인 치료를 할 수 있는 유연성을 가진다는 점인데, 이는 심리운동이 참여자의 자발성을 기반으로 참여자 중심으로 진행한다는 점과 맞닿아 있다. 또한 감각의 자극을 통해 움직임의 변화를 촉진하여 전인적 발달을 추구한다는 면에서 스노젤렌은 심리운동을 위한 프로그램으로 적용할 수 있는 기반을 갖추고 있다. 따라서 심리운동 신체경험을 위한 다양한 중재방법 중 하나로써 스노젤렌을 적용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. This study explores the possibility of applying physical experience during psychological exercise to Snoezelen, a multi-sensory environment. To this end, the history, sensory stimulation, and effects of snoezelen were reviewed through domestic literature, and the applicability of snoezelen was explored from the perspective of psychomotor physical experience. As a result of the research, Snoezelen and psychomotor are based on the premise that humans seek sensory stimulation and emphasize voluntary motivation centered on participant preference or desire. In addition, the application of Snoezelen in psychomotor fields is effective in that it promotes perception and recognition of sight, hearing, smell, touch, proprioception, vestibular sense, etc. An important aspect of Snoezelen's intervention is that it has the flexibility to provide individual treatment according to each individual's sensory needs, which is in line with the fact that psychomotor is participant-centered based on the participant's spontaneity. In addition, in that it pursues holistic development by promoting movement changes through sensory stimulation, Snoezelen has a foundation that can be applied as a psychomotor program. Therefore, it is believed that Snoezelen can be applied as one of various intervention methods for psychomotor physical experience.

디지털 역지향성 배열 안테나 시스템에서 위상 추적 Settling 시간과 BER 성능 평가

김소라(So-Ra Kim),이승환(Seung Hwan Lee),신동진(Dong Jin Shin),유흥균(Heung-Gyoon Ryu) 한국전자파학회 2013 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.24 No.1

디지털 역지향성 안테나 시스템은 사전 정보 없이 입사된 신호의 위상을 추적하고 위상을 반대로 돌려 수신된 방향으로 재전송을 할 수 있는 시스템으로써 아날로그 역지향성 안테나와 비교하여 수정과 업그레이드가 쉽다는 장점이 있다. 이러한 특성으로 디지털 역지향성 안테나는 고속 이동체 환경에서의 빠른 빔 추적이 가능할 것이다. 특히 빠르고 정확하게 빔을 추적하기 위해서는 설계된 디지털 역지향성 안테나 시스템의 디지털 PLL의 성능이 매우 중요하므로, 본 논문에서는 디지털 역지향 안테나 시스템에서 디지털 필터 설계에 따른 위상 추적의 동작시간과 BER 성능을 확인하였다. 1 ㎒의 QAM 신호를 발생시켰으며, 30°의 위상 지연이 생겼을 경우의 시뮬레이션 결과, 필터의 동작이 안정할 경우 위상 공액 기법을 사용한 역지향성 안테나 시스템의 성능이 사용하지 않았을 경우의 역지향성 안테나 시스템보다 약 1 ㏈의 성능 차이가 나며, 필터의 동작이 불안정할 경우, 발진이 일어나 위상을 추적하지 못해 성능이 매우 나빠짐을 확인할 수 있다. Digital retrodirective antenna system is easy to modify and upgrade because it can control the phase information of the output signal toward opposite direction to input signal without a priori knowledge of the arrival direction. Due to this advantage, it is possible to do fast beam tracking. Especially, we need to design the digital PLL performance for the digital retrodirective array antenna system. So, in this paper the settling time of phase estimator and BER performance of retrodirective antenna system are investigated according to design of filter in digital PLL. When QAM signal is used for 1 Mbps with 30° of phase delay, simulation results show that digital phase conjugation technique has better BER performance by about 1 ㏈ than non-phase conjugation system when digital filter is stable. If not, the system can’t estimate the exact phase because of oscillation of filter.

중증 자간전증에서 태아 발육 지연 유무에 따른 모체 혈장 내 TNF - α 농도의 변화

김소라(So Ra Kim),이필량(Pil Ryang Lee),박진우(Jin Woo Park),정복경(Bok Kyung Jung),정지윤(Ji Youn Chung),원혜성(Hye Sung Won),이인식(In Sik Lee),김암(Ahm Kim) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.12

N/A Objectives : The purposes of this study were to evaluate the possible role of Tumor necrotic factor-α(TNF-α) in development of preeclampsia, and to define the alteration of plasma TNF-α concentration in association with fetal growth restriction in preeclamptic women. Methods : Maternal blood samples were retrieved from 10 normal pregnancies, 10 pregnancies complicated with small for gestational age neonate of unknown cause, 10 preeclampsia with fetal growth restriction, and 10 preeclampsia without fetal growth restriction. The concentrations of TNF-α were measured by ELISA. Results : The plasma concentrations of TNF-α were significantly increased in preeclamptic women (p<0.05). However, there were no major differences in relation to fetal growth restriction. In idiopathic SGA group, the cytokine levels were significantly decreased compared to normal pregnancy (p<0.05). Conclusions : The increased concentrations of maternal plasma TNF-α in preeclamptic women suggest that preeclampsia may be an immunologic disorder. Though TNF-α influences on the fetal growth, it may not play a major role in the pathophysiology of fetal growth restriction in preeclampsia.

광무양안과 토지대장을 통해 본 광무양전의 성격 -충남(忠南) 한산군(韓山郡) 창외리(昌外里)와 경북(慶北) 경주군(慶州郡) 구정동(九政洞) 사례 중심으로-

김소라 ( So Ra Kim ) 서울대학교 국사학과 2014 韓國史論 Vol.60 No.-

Major tax sources of traditional East Asia were the population and land. In Particular, in Korea, China, Japan, the three countries created nationwide land registers at least 1,000 years ago. In this study, I want to find the Korean traditional principle of land taxation through comparing Kwangmu land registers(光武量案) made by the Korean Empire in the 19th century with the modern land registers (土地臺帳) of the Japanese Colonial period. Each register contains area, class, owner of plots of land. There is a 10-years gap between the Kwangmu land registers and the Colonial one. This study tried to find same plot at both registers using a software named "JigsawMap" that helps match-up, and compared written information. It showed differences of two-land investigation, which gave some clues toward understanding the characteristics of the Kwangmu land registers. During the Colonial period, the government enforced a guideline for land investigation and applied it across the country. It demanded using autonym as the owner`s name, aimed accurate computation of area. Also, it operated several class assessment methods by land categories. On the other hand, the Korean Empire did not use overt rules and technicalities. Nevertheless, its underlying principles and institutions were discovered through this research. The Korean Empire utilized a tax system without distinction by land types. Instead, it was revealed that they already adjusted tax burden taking land productivity into account during land survey. Especially, area recorded in the Kwangmu land registers was smaller that actual one, shows different rate of reduction by land categories. At the same time, there were distinctions by regions. Even after the grain tax was received by the local govermment, each taxpayer was still responsible for the cost of transporting the grain to the capital. This study compared two provinces; one is Ch`ungch`ong province, which could ship taxation by sea, the other is Kyongsang province that was far from the capital and had to use and overland routhe only. Through this research, it was revealed that the burden of land tax was much lighter in Kyongsang province. Assessments of area and grade were undervaluated compared with Ch`ung ch`ong province. It seems that this was the result of difference in inter-regional of tax transportation costs. The Land taxation system in the Korean Empire was similar with Choson dynasty`s one. Kwangmu land registers contained traditional institutions passed down from the Choson. These were different from the ideal of the modern state that tried to investigate land as accurately as possible and to control it. Rather than to force a standard, they permitted diverse standard. Instead of making details, they adjusted tax burden in the field. However, they also stuck by those principles; be they different assessments according to the valuse of crops produced in the land, be they equal total tax burden in each region. It was the governing philosophy of the dynasty that aimed at Neo-Confucian equality among the people across the country. Flexibility in diversity, equality in flexibility was their indigenous rationalities.

소나무재선충병 발생시기별 피해목 탐지를 위한 시계열 초분광 항공영상의 활용

김소라 ( So Ra Kim ),김은숙 ( Eun Sook Kim ),남영우 ( Youngwoo Nam ),최원일 ( Won Il Choi ),김철민 ( Cheol Min Kim ) 대한원격탐사학회 2015 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.31 No.5

소나무재선충병은 우리나라와 중국을 포함한 동아시아 지역뿐만 아니라 유럽 지역의 소나무림에도 막대한 피해를 주고 있다. 소나무재선충에 의한 피해는 임분 내에서 다발적으로 발현되고 급진적으로 진행되고 있으나 기존의 현장조사 방법은 광범위한 지역에 대한 피해목 탐지에 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 시계열 초분광 항공영상을 이용하여 소나무재선충병 피해목을 추출하고, 추출된 자료를 이용하여 소나무재선 충병 확산 특성을 분석하고자 하였다. 6월, 9월, 10월에 1 m 공간해상도의 초분광 항공사진을 취득하였다. 9월 영상의 Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)와 Vegetation Index green(VIgreen)을 이용하여 소나무재선충 피해목을 추출하였다. 추출된 피해목을 잎이 있는 고사목과 잎이 없는 고사목으로 구분하였으며, 6월, 9월, 10월 영상의 분광반사값을 비교하여 9월과 10월에 새로 발생한 피해목을 추출하였다. 추출된 피해목의 시계열 분포를 토대로 공간통계분석 기법을 활용하여 초분광 항공사진 촬영지역 내 소 나무재선충병 피해목의 확산 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 대상지 내 소나무재선충병 피해목은 총 2,262본 이 추출되었으며, 피해시기에 따라 잎 있는 고사목(작년 피해목)은 604본, 9월과 10월에 새로 발생한 피해 목은 각각 300본, 101본으로 분류되었다. 구축된 자료를 이용한 공간 분포형 분석 결과, 작년 피해목과 당년 피해목 모두 집중분포 형태로 나타났으며, 최근거리 분석 결과, 당해년도 고사목의 약 80%는 전년도 고사목주변 60 m 이내에서 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. Pine wilt disease has greatly damaged pine forests not only in East Asia including South Korea and China, but also in European region. The damage caused by pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) is expressed in bundles within stands and rapidly spreading, however, present field survey methods have limitations to detecting damaged trees at regional level. This study extracted the damaged trees by pine wilt disease using time series hyperspectral aerial photographs, and analyzed their distribution characteristics. Hyperspectral aerial photographs of 1 meter spatial resolution were obtained in June, September, and October. Damaged trees by pine wilt disease were extracted using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Vegetation Index green (VIgreen) of the September photograph. Among extracted damaged trees, dead trees with leaves and without leaves were classified, and the spectral reflectance values from the photographs obtained in June, September, and October were compared to extract new outbreaks in September and October. Based on the time series dispersion of extracted damaged trees, nearest neighbor analysis was conducted to analyze distribution characteristics of the damaged trees within the region where hyperspectral aerial photographs were acquired. As a result, 2,262 damaged trees were extracted in the study area, and 604 dead trees (dead trees in last year) with leaves in relation to the damaged time and 300 and 101 newly damaged trees in September and October were classified. The result of nearest neighbor analysis using the data shows that aggregated distribution was the dominant pattern both previous and current year in the study area. Also, 80% of the damaged trees in current year were found within 60 m of dead trees in previous year.