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김성수 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 2002 한국문화연구 Vol.2 No.-
Ham Sok Hon(1901~1989) is little known outside Korea. However, within Korea he was given several descriptive names during his life: "Conscience of Korea", "Prophet in the Era of Suffering" and "Crying in the Wilderness". As these names imply, he was a religious thinker, civil rights activist and prolific writer of history, politics, religion and society. Ironically however, he never attained the position of an "official" religious scholar, politician, journalist or historian. Ham’s ideas and lifestyle constantly changed according to the historical circumstances both within Korea and around the world, thus it is more appropriate to define Ham as a man of "still achieving" and "still pursuing" rather than to try to categorize him. This paper examines Ham’s understanding of the philosophical Taoism of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu, and explores the inter-relationship of philosophical Taoism and Western Christianity through a study of Ham’s tumultuous life and kaleidoscopic thought. It illustrates Ham as an intermediary between East and West, between losers and winners in history, and between the city of God and the secular city. It also assesses how his ideas were shaped by and responded to the terrible challenges of his time. Accordingly, I will first show how Ham to study the philosophical Taoism of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu, and discuss the general characteristics of Taoism in relation to the formation of his philosophy. Secondly I will consider how philosophical Taoism contributed to Ham’s spiritual identity. Finally I will compare and contrast Ham’s philosophical and pragmatic response to military dictator Park Chunghee’s reimpositions of Confucian ideology, and analyses how Ham overcame overwhelming outward strength with his inward mildness.
김성수,신용산,김성수,권강훈,Kim, Sung-Su,Shin, Yong-San,Kim, Sung-Soo,Kwon, Kang-Hun 한국군사과학기술학회 2009 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.12 No.6
FLIR(Forward Looking Infrared) geo-pointing is a function that helps pilots to see a target within the field of view under all coordinates and attitudes of helicopter. Geo-pointing controls FLIR LOS(line of sight) toward known target coordinates by using azimuth and elevation angles calculated from several information such as helicopter coordinates and attitudes, a FLIR position from a GPS antenna, and target coordinates. Geo-pointing performance has been tested and evaluated on the ground to save flight test costs and ensure flight safety. In this paper, design and implementation of a geo-pointing system is described with the results of performance test conducted on the ground test system.
크레아틴 투여량이 태권도선수의 등속성 하지근력 및 발차기 횟수에 미치는 영향
김성수,이철원,김난수,신말순,김은경,정국현,이장규,이동희 한국운동과학회 2003 운동과학 Vol.12 No.2
김성수, 이철원, 김난수, 신말순, 김은경, 정국현, 이장규, 이동희. 크레아틴 투여량이 태권도선수의 등속성 하지근력 및 발차기 횟수에 미치는 영향. 온동과학, 제12권 제2호, 341-352, 2003. 본 연구는 서울시 소재 K대학교 태권도학과에 재학 중인 creatine 투여 경험이 전혀 없는 건강한 남학생 지원자 22명으로 하였으며, Creatine은 일반적으로 복용에 따른 부작용이 없는 것으로 알려진 creatine monohydrate(PROLAB, USA)를 투여량에 따라 집단 별 체중 당 각각 산출된 양(0.2, 0.3, 0.4g·kg-1)을 5일간 하루 4회로 나누어 매 식사 후 및 취침 전에 경구 투여하게 하여 투여전과 후의 발차기 횟수와 하지 근력, plasma creatine/creatinine, 그리고 신체구성의 변화에 미치는 영향을 알아본 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 체중 당 0.3g의 creatine 투여집단이 3set 모두에서 발차기 횟수의 유의한 증가를 나타내었으며(p<0.05), 하지근력 측정에서 0.3g 투여집단이 유의하지는 않지만 최대 신근 및 굴근의 증가현상을 나타내었고, 근파워에서도 유의한 차이는 없었지만 0.3g 투여집단이 가장 커다란 증가율을 나타내었다. 근지구력에서 피로지수의 변화는 0.3g 투여집단만이 신근과 굴근 운동에서 모두 피로지수가 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 0.3g 투여집단은 근력, 근파워, 근지구력에서 모두 긍정적인 결과를 가져왔다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 안정시(발차기 전) plasma creatine은 creatine 투여 전·후 비교에서 0.4g 투여집단에서 유의한 증가를 나타내었으며, 발차기 후의 plasma creatine 농도는 0.4g 투여집단에서 유의한 증가를 나타내었다. 또한 0.4g 투여집단만이 유의한 체중의 증가를 나타내었다(p<0.05). Kim, S.S., Lee, C.W., Kim, N.S,, Shin, M.S., Kim, E,K., Jeong, K.H., Lee, J.K., Lee, D.H. The effects on isokinetic strength of the lower extremity and repeated bouts of kicking in Taewondo players by creatine supplementation dose. Exercise Science, 12(2): 341-352, 2003. The main purpose of the present study was to measure the isokinetic strength(lower extremity) and repeated bouts of kicking, plasma creatine·creatinine and body composition before and after a period creatine(by different doses) loading in Taekwondo players. Twenty two males were randomly assigned to four groups they were tested before and after 5 days of placebo(4×5g glucose·d^(-1), N=4) or Creatine monohydrate loading(consume 0.2g·kg^(-1), 0.3g·kg^(-1), 0.4g·kg^(-1) Cr each group, N=6 each group). 22 trained male Taekwondo players performed maximal front kicking continuously for 1 minute and took a rest for 30 seconds, after 30 seconds rest they should have to start kicking again. They repeated it 2 times more(total 3 sets) and the kicking times were measured each sets. Peak torque for strength·power and fatigue index for endurance of lower extremity muscle were also measured during each contraction with isokinetic equipment. The following results were obtained from this study. 1. The kicking test was significantly increased at 1, 2, 3 sets only in creatine 0.3g·kg^(-1) group(p<0.05). 2. Not the other groups but the only creatine 0.3g·kg^(-1) group was increased for strength test but was not significantly increased. All groups were increased for the power test but was not significantly increased(the most increased group was 0.3g·kg^(-1) group). And also all groups were decreased for the fatigue index(endurance test), but they were not significantly decreased(only 0.3g·kg^(-1) group has shown decrease both of flexion and extension). 3. Only creatine 0.4g·kg^(-1) group was significantly increased of plasma creatine concentration both of before and after kicking test(p<0.05). 4. Only creatine 0.4g·kg^(-1) group was significantly increased both of body mass and muscle mass(p<0.05).
새로운 초기치 선정 방법을 이용한 향상된 EM 알고리즘
김성수,강지혜,Kim, Sung-Soo,Kang, Jee-Hye 한국지능시스템학회 2003 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.14 No.7
본 논문은 시스템 공학의 인식에 관련된 여러 분야에서 널리 쓰이는 클러스터링 기법인 Expectation-Maximization의 초기값 설정문제에 관하여 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 임의로 지정하는 랜덤한 초기치 선정 문제점을 지적하고, 새로이 제안하는 균등 영역 분할과 분할 된 데이터의 통계적 특성을 이용한 초기치 설정 방법을 사용한 새로운 EM 알고리즘을 제안한다. 일반적으로 EM에서 초기값 설정 방법으로 랜덤한 설정 방식의 약점을 보완하기 위하여 K-means 방법을 많이 사용하고 있다. 하지만, K-means 초기치 설정 방법도 근본적인 문제는 해결하지 못하고 있다. 이러한 문제의 하나의 해결 방안으로 논문이 제안한 균등 분할 및 통계적 특성을 이용한 초기치 선정의 방법을 EM 알고리즘에 적용하였다. 제안된 방법은 기존보다 EM 알고리즘의 특성을 극대화하는 방향으로 더 좋은 결과를 가져온다. 본 논문에서 제안된 알고리즘의 우수성을 제안한 초기치 선정 방법을 적용한 EM과 기존 EM의 시뮬레이션 결과를 비교 분석하여 그 우수성을 제시하였다. In this paper we propose a new method for choosing the initial values of Expectation-Maximization(EM) algorithm that has been used in various applications for clustering. Conventionally, the initial values were chosen randomly, which sometimes yields undesired local convergence. Later, K-means clustering method was employed to choose better initial values, which is currently widely used. However the method using K-means still has the same problem of converging to local points. In order to resolve this problem, a new method of initializing values for the EM process. The proposed method not only strengthens the characteristics of EM such that the number of iteration is reduced in great amount but also removes the possibility of falling into local convergence.