원보 : 서울시 가정폐기물의 퇴피화에 관한 연구

김병태,김정욱 ( Byung Tae Kim,Jung Wk Kim ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 1984 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.1 No.1

폐기물 관리시설 설계를 위한 재활용성 생활폐기물의 겉보기밀도 평가에 관한 연구

김병태,김명운,이창해,Kim, Byung-Tae,Kim, Myeong-Woon,Lee, Chang-Hae 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2017 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.26 No.6

본 연구에서는 생활폐기물 내 재활용성 물질을 대상으로 선별품목별 겉보기밀도와 조성비로 산정한 혼합폐기물의 겉보기밀도치를 평가함으로써 재활용성 폐기물의 관리 및 시설설계에 활용할 수 있도록 겉보기밀도에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 4회에 걸쳐 선별장에 반입된 1,800 kg의 재활용성 폐기물을 대상으로 선별품목별 중량 및 부피조성비, 선별 전 후의 겉보기밀도를 조사하였다. 선별품목별 겉보기밀도는 병류가 $379.0kg/m^3$로 가장 높았으며, 고철류, 잡쓰레기, 기타, 캔류, 플라스틱류의 순으로 나타났다. 또한 선별품목별 조성비는 중량기준으로는 병류와 플라스틱류가 40.6%, 32.6%를 차지하였으나 부피기준 적용 시 플라스틱류는 60.2%로 대폭 증가하는 반면에 병류는 8.9%로 크게 낮아져 조성비 적용방식에 따라 품목별 조성비의 변동폭이 다르게 나타났다. 또한 재활용성 혼합폐기물의 겉보기밀도는 조성비를 부피기준으로 적용하는 방식이 중량기준 적용방식보다 실측치에 유사하게 나타났다. 이러한 조사결과를 바탕으로 폐기물 처리설비 설계에 사용되는 재활용성 혼합폐기물의 겉보기밀도 산정 시에는 부피기준 조성비를 적용하는 방식이 적절한 것으로 평가되었다. To estimate the bulk density applying the composition rate for recyclable residential waste, the composition rates by volume and weight basis, the bulk densities of the separated and commingled wastes were investigated four times respectively for recyclable waste of 1,800 kg transported to waste recovery facility. The bulk densities for separated wastes were $379.0kg/m^3$ of glass bottles that is highest and metals, residues, others, cans, plastics in order. The composition rates for each separated waste were changed widely depending on either volume basis or weight basis. The composition rate by weight basis as 40.6% of the glass bottles, 32.6% of the plastics were changed to 60.2% of the plastics and 8.9% of the glass bottles in that by volume basis. The bulk density of the commingled wastes applying the composition rate by volume basis showed the similar value to the measured density than by weight basis. So it was estimated that the composition rate by volume basis was appropriate for determining the bulk density of the commingled recyclable wastes.

선택지락보호계전기 오ㆍ부동작에 관한 연구

金炳泰(Byung-Tae Kim),李達雨(Dal-Woo Lee),全明洙(Myung-Soo Jeon) 대한전기학회 2008 전기학회논문지 P Vol.57 No.3

This paper presents a study on the ground fault protection in 6.6KV ungrounded power system relay(SGR) malfunction or nori-tripping. Ground test had made on 6.6KV HV(high voltage) system, Some of domestic and oversea's SGR products are different from their own specific characteristics. This study on the ground protection relay 6.6KV power supply system is focused to protect human.

혼합 임베딩을 통한 전문 용어 의미 학습 방안

김병태 ( Kim Byung Tae ),김남규 ( Kim Nam Gyu ) 한국정보시스템학회 2021 情報시스템硏究 Vol.30 No.2

Purpose In this study, first, we try to make embedding results that reflect the characteristics of both professional and general documents. In addition, when disparate documents are put together as learning materials for natural language processing, we try to propose a method that can measure the degree of reflection of the characteristics of individual domains in a quantitative way. Approach For this study, the Korean Supreme Court Precedent documents and Korean Wikipedia are selected as specialized documents and general documents respectively. After extracting the most similar word pairs and similarities of unique words observed only in the specialized documents, we observed how those values were changed in the process of embedding with general documents. Findings According to the measurement methods proposed in this study, it was confirmed that the degree of specificity of specialized documents was relaxed in the process of combining with general documents, and that the degree of dissolution could have a positive correlation with the size of general documents.

FDG - PET을 이용한 악성과 양성 연부조직 병변의 감별 : 반정량적 지표간의 비교

김병태(Byung Tae Kim),김상은(Sang Eun Kim),이경한(Kyung Han Lee),최준영(Joon Young Choi),최용(Yearn Seong Choe),최연성(Yong Choi),서재곤(Jai Gon Seo) 대한핵의학회 1997 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.31 No.1

N/A The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of various quantitative indices for the differentiation of benign from malignant primary soft tissue tumors by FDG-PET. A series of 32 patients with a variety of histologically or clinically confirmed benign (20) or malignant (12) soft tissue lesions were evaluated with emission whole body (5min/bed position) PET after injection of [18F]FDG. Regional 20min transmission scan for the attenuation correction and calculation of SUV was performed in 16 patients (10 benign, 6malignant) followed by dynamic acquisition for 56min. Postinjection transmission scan for the attenuation correction and calculation of SUV was executed in the other 16 patients (10 benign, 6 malignant). The following indices were obtained : the peak and average SUV (pSUV, aSUV) of lesions, tumor-to-background ratio acquired at images of 51 min p.i. (TBR51), tumor-to-background ratio of areas under time-activity curves (TBRarea) and the ratio between the activities of tumor ROI at 51 min p.i. and at the time which background ROI reaches maximum activity on the time-activity curves (T51/Tmax). The pSUV, aSUV, TBR51, and TBRarea, in malignant lesions were significantly higher than those in benign lesions. We set the cut-off values of pSUV, aSUV, TBR51, TBRarea and T51/Tmax for the differentiation of benign and malignant lesions at 3.5, 2.8, 5.1, 4.3 and 1.55, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 91.7%, 80.0%, 84.4% by pSUV and aSUV, 83.3%, 85.0%, 84.4% by TBR51, 83.3%, 100%, 93.8% by TBRarea and 66.7%, 70.0%, 68.8% by Tsl/Tmax. The time-activity curves did not give additional information compared to SUV or TBR. The one false negative was a case with low-grade fibrosarcoma and all four false positives were cases with inflammatory change on histology. The visual analysis of FDG-PET also detected the metastatic lesions in malignant cases with comparable accuracy. In conclusion, all pSUV, aSUV, TBR51, and TBRarea are useful metabolic semi-quantitative indices with good accuracy for the differentiation of benign from malignant soft-tissue lesions.

효율적 퇴비화를 위한 온도제어 공기공급방식의 적용에 관한 연구

김병태(Byung-Tae Kim),김정욱(Jung-Wk kim) 유기성자원학회 1994 유기물자원화 Vol.2 No.1

우리나라 도시고형폐기물은 퇴비화에 적합한 조건을 갖추고 있으나, 퇴비화 공정개발이 미약하여 폐기물퇴비화를 실용화하지 못하고 있다. 폐기물 퇴비화의 실용화를 위하여는 최종퇴비의 질을 높이면서도 대량의 폐기물을 단기간에 처리할 수 있도록 공정제어를 하여야 한다. 이를 위하여 최적온도를 지속적으로 유지하도록 공기공급량을 제어하는 방식 (온도제어 공기공급방식) 이 있다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 도시고형폐기물에 온도제어 공기공급방식을 적용하여 퇴비화 과정중의 공정효율과 최적온도를 분석하고자 하였다. 실험결과, 온도제어 공기공급방식이 일정공기공급방식에 비하여 짧은 기간에 분해효율과 건조효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 우리나라 도시고형폐기불 퇴비화의 최적온도는 50~54 "c로 평가되었다. Municipal solid wastes in Korea have physical and chemical properties suitable for composting, but composting has had little practical use in solid waste disposal until now because of a lack of understanding of process control. For practical use of composting, process control must be capable of maintaining good product quality while large quantities are composted in a short period of time. Ventilation control to maintain optimum temperature(Temperature Feedback Aeration Method) is reported to be convenient to operate. The purpose of this study is to analyze process efficiency and optimum temperature in the temperature feedback aeration method for composting of municipal solid wastes. The results of this study show that degradation and drying of substrate in the temperature feedback aeration method are higher than those in the constant aeration method. And the optimum temperature range for composting of solid wastes appears to be 50 ~ 54 "C.

주주총회의 전자투표제도 ‘의무화’와 문제점

김병태(Byung-Tae Kim) 한국기업법학회 2013 企業法硏究 Vol.27 No.3

Korea actively introduced an electronic voting system in 2009 to protect shareholder interests and enhance corporate governance. Article 368-4 was newly inserted on the Korean Commercial Act by Act No. 9746 on May 28, 2009. Under the current system, each company may determine that a shareholder may exercise his/her voting right by electronic means without attending the general meeting, through the resolution of the board of directors. The shareholder meeting not only is a mechanism of democratic decision-making in companies, it also is a crucial link in the chain of corporate governance. Participating in shareholder meetings through electronic voting frees the shareholders from constraints of voting time and location. This gives freer rein to shareholder activism, and concretely manifests a company’s concern for its shareholders and strong corporate governance. Meanwhile, the Korean Government has recently proposed changes to the current voluntary electronic voting system and announced the relevant Article changes to add the provision that, as necessary in view of a company’s number of shareholders, requires a listed company to make electronic voting available as one of the methods for exercising voting rights. If we do nothing about it at this time, it is expected that an electronic voting must be provided as one of the voting methods available for the shareholder meeting of every listed company that has certain number of shareholders. However, the Government’s plan results in a compulsory electronic voting system which may cause many critical problems. It could be against the corporate democracy or corporate benefits and does not contribute as much as the Government expects to the protection of minor shareholders or the expanding of a shareholder’s meeting. In a more excellent manner instead of introducing a compulsory electronic voting system, it seems that reasonable separate measures by causes of low frequency of electronic voting should be required to make the best use of a shareholder’s meeting for minor shareholders.

6600V 비접지 전력계통 지락보호계전기의 오부동작에 관한 연구

김병태(Byung-Tae Kim  ),전명수(Myung-Soo Jeon) 대한전기학회 2008 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.7

CT상 악성여부가 불명확한 단일 폐결절에서의 양전자방출단층촬열술의 유용성

김병태(Byung Tae Kim),김상은(Sang Eun Kim),최용(Yong Choi),이경한(Kyung Han Lee),최연성(Yearn Seong Choe),윤석부(Seok Boo Yoon),최준영(Joon Young Choi),김선정(Sun Jung Kim),권오정(O Jung Kwon),이경수(Kyung Soo Lee) 대한핵의학회 1997 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.31 No.1

N/A About one-third of radiologically indeterminate solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) are eventually turned out to be malignant. It is very important to noninvasively determine whether the SPN is malignant or not for the decision of its way of management. PET imaging is highlighted by its unique ability of imaging the function and metabolism of cells. Glucose metabolism is increased in malignant transformed cells. We performed FDG-PET studies in patients who ha radiologi- cally indeterminate SPN and compared the findings with histologic diagnoses to assess the diagnostic accuracy in the detection of malignancy and to decide which parameter is the most suitable for clinical practice among peak SUV (pSUV), average SUV (aSUV), 50/10 ratio, and time-activity curve (TAC). Thirty patients were included in this study and the most useful parameter was pSUV. The sensitivity and specificity in the detection of malignant SPN using 3.5 as a cut off pSUV were both 87%. Interestingly, all 2 false-negative cases were bronch- ioloalveolar carcinoma on histologic examination. If these cases, which could be strongly suspected by CT findings, were excluded, the sensitivity of pSUV was 100%. In conclusion, PET imaging is very helpful for determining malignancy in indeterminate SPN and pSUV is a conveniently measurable parameter which is valuable for interpretation.

주제별 논단 : 구속성예금(꺾기)의 법률적 규제와 효력

김병태 ( Byung Tae Kim ) 한국금융법학회 2010 金融法硏究 Vol.7 No.1

Simply speaking, a compensating balance is an amount a lending institution requires a borrower to leave on deposit during the term of a loan. The practice of requiring compensating balance to a borrower by a lending institution has been widely used in Korea and around the world for decades. It is generally useful especially for banks when banks are making loans to small businesses or persons with lack of funds or low credit rating, in turn banks may keep the compensating balance as collateral and reduce their undesired adverse damages. In Korea, a compensating balance may be regulated by the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS) or by the Fair Trade Commission (FTC) under the relevant laws for banks and other financial institutions. If a lending institution is subject to the regulation of compensating balance, then it deserves relevant corrective measures by FSS or FTC. Many cases in Korea and in Japan show similar results in the matter of banks`` unfair financial trade and superiority over borrowers. Though a compensating balance is subject to the regulation of FSS and FTC, it may be still effective in private transaction between a lending instituting and a borrower. This means that regardless of the regulation of compensating balance, it still remains legally binding deposit contract for both parties unless it should be regarded as an offense against sound social order and public morals under the Civil Law. Sometimes, required compensating balances at the lending institution may affect the principal of the loan for purposes of interest computation. If a compensating balance is voluntarily maintained, there is no effect. If a loan agreement requires a specific balance or restricts the borrower`s use of funds on deposit, a compensating balance may be deducted from the principal in computing the interest rate. In Korea and other many countries, a compensating balance was once and may be still deemed a necessary evil for lending institutions. It is noted, therefore, that the sound supervision of lending institutions, the protection of borrowers and the voluntary restriction by lending institutions should be considered in the policy and the regulation of compensating balance.