여성암 환자의 영적건강과 우울의 관계

태영숙(Tae Young Sook),김미예(Kim Mi Yea),김혜나(Kim Hea Na),김혜은(Kim Hae Eun),김혜지(Kim Hea Ji),노영정(No Young Jeong) 고신대학교 전인간호과학연구소 2008 전인간호과학학술지 Vol.3 No.-

Purpose: This study was to identify the relationship between depression and spiritual health in patients suffering from women cancers. Methods: The research method was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data was collected by questionnaires from 106 in woman patients who were diagnosed with women cancer at one university hospitals and one general hospital. The instruments used for this study included, the Depression Scale developed by Zung(1965) and Spirituality Health Inventory developed by Highfieid(1992) and amended by Lee & Kim. The collected data were analyzed using Frequency, Percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson s correlation coefficients. Results: 1) Depression score was middle, Spiritual Health score was middle 2) The Spiritual Health in women cancer patients indicated a significant negative correlation between spiritual health and depression was perceived with over moderate level(r=-.647, p=.000) 3) There were significant difference in spiritual health according to the Monthly income (F=4.30, p= .016), the degree of pain(F= 2.848,p= .041), the degree of fatigue(F= 3.415,p=.020),the frequency of attendance at worship services(F=3.285, p=.014) the effect of religion on personal life(F= 9.413, p=.000). 4) There were significant difference in depression, according to the residence type(F= .748, p=.012), the cancer insurance(t=7.859, p=.006), the degree of pain(F= 2.775,p= .045). Conclusions: It is needed strategies for intervention of improving the spiritual health to reduce depression in women cancer patients. The significant several characteristics of related to depression and spiritual health should consider in sociopsychological nursing intervention of women cancer patients

What’s Happening and Coming Next in Asia 2016?: AAB Special Report on Asian Consumers & Businesses

김미예,한정수,김진영,강명훈,Jennifer H. Kim Academy of Asian Business (AAB) 2016 Academy of Asian Business Review Vol.2 No.1

In the 2016 survey, we asked Asian consumers how happy, satisfied in life, and economically powerful they felt. Second, we asked which companies and business leaders they respected most. We also asked which companies they thought were best in terms of other major dimensions: innovativeness, social responsibility, growth potentials, and wish-to-work-for. We obtained several important results and findings that were very surprising. Although several objective indicators have shown the growth of Asian countries, a closer look reveals that not everything is improving, especially with regards to the well-being of citizen. As related to the Top 10 Asian companies and leaders, the data shows many interesting results which are consistent with our expectations and prior reports. For example, Samsung, Alibaba, Huawei, Haier, and Xiaomi were ranked at the top of the charts. While we expected Samsung and Alibaba to sweep the charts, the rise of new giants was fascinating. Our further data analysis and literature review suggest that the major findings provide very valuable strategic implications for consumer researchers, business leaders, policy makers, and anyone who is interested in seeing the big picture about what is happening and coming next for their careers and businesses.

소비자의 경제적 무력감과 파워상징소비

김미예,김정구,Joseph Kim 서비스마케팅학회 2015 서비스마케팅저널 Vol.8 No.1

What’s Happening and Coming Next in Asia?: AAB Special Report on Asian Consumers & Businesses

김미예,김진영,기수경,Joseph I. Kim,Jennifer H. Kim Academy of Asian Business (AAB) 2015 Academy of Asian Business Review Vol.1 No.1

There are two major questions we want to address in this report: Asian consumers and their views on Asian companies and leaders. Specifically, we asked how they felt in terms of happiness and economic power and what they thought about the performance of companies and business leaders. We surveyed more than 1000 people in Asia, mainly from China, Korea, and Japan. In the survey, we first asked how happy and satisfied in life they were, and how economically powerful they felt. Second, we asked what companies and business leaders they respected most. We also asked what companies they think are best in terms of other major dimensions: innovativeness, social responsibility, growth potentials, and wish-to-work-for. We obtained several important results and findings. With regard to consumers, we found that their answers were very important, and even surprising, to many people, and even contrary to the findings from several objective indicators which show that Asian countries such as China perform well in terms of economic and quality of life. As related to the Top 10 Asian companies and leaders, the data shows many interesting results which are consistent with our expectation and existing reports; for example, Samsung, Toyota, Softbank, and Alibaba were ranked at the top of the charts, as expected. However, we found several surprising findings that have not been reported in any other existing reports or studies. Our further data analysis and literature review suggest that the major findings provide very valuable strategic implications for consumer researchers, business leaders, policy makers, and anyone who are interested in getting big pictures about what is happening and coming next for their careers and businesses.

여성암 환자의 영적 건강과 우울의 관계

태영숙(Tae Young Sook),김미예(Kim Mi Yea) 대한종양간호학회 2007 Asian Oncology Nursing Vol.7 No.2

Purpose: This study was to identify the relationship between depression and spiritual health in patients suffering from female cancer. Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional descriptive study design. Data was collected by questionnaires from 106 female patients who were diagnosed with cancer of female organs at three university hospitals and one general hospital. The instruments used in this study included, “the Depression Scale” developed by Zung(1965) and “Spirituality Health Inventory” developed by Highfield(1992) and amended by Kim. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: There was significantly negative correlation between spiritual health and depression in female cancer patients (r= -.65, p< .0001). There were significant differences in spiritual health according to the monthly income (F=4.30, p=.016), the degree of pain (F=2.85, p= .041), the degree of fatigue (F=3.42, p= .020), the frequency of attendance at worship services (F=3.26, p= .014), the effect of religion on personal life (F=9.41, p= .000). There were significant differences in depression, according to the residence type (F= .75, p= .012), the cancer insurance (t=7.86, p= .006), the degree of pain (F=2.78, p= .045). Conclusions: There is a necessity to develop strategies to improve the spiritual health and to reduce depression in female cancer patients. The significant several characteristics related to depression and spiritual health should be considered in psychsocial nursing intervention of female cancer patients.

대구 지역 영아의 수면/활동 양상에 관한 연구

김미예 ( Mi Ye Kim ),고효정 ( Hyo Jung Koh ),신영희 ( Young Hee Shin ),김영희 ( Young Hee Kim ),오진아 ( Jin A Oh ),김혜영 ( Hye Young Kim ),이은주 ( Eun Ju Lee ),김용숙 ( Yong Sook Kim ) 부모자녀건강학회 2000 부모자녀건강학회지 Vol.3 No.2

소비자의 무력감이 파워상징상품 추구에 미치는 영향

김미예(Mi Yea Kim),김정구(Chung K Kim),전미나(Mina Jun),한정수(Jeong Soo Han),김영재(Joshua Y Kim) 한국경영학회 2014 經營學硏究 Vol.43 No.2

Although people want to control their own circumstances, losing the control can cause undesirable situations which in turn sometimes lead people to experience a feeling of powerlessness. For example, uncontrollable situations such as reproaches by a superior at work and lack of money to buy products they want may lead people to experience powerlessness. Since experiencing powerlessness is likely to cause negative emotions such as frustration, sadness, and anger, and also increase desires to regain power, people try to come up with coping strategies to reduce the feeling of powerlessness (Rucker and Galinsky 2008; Dubois, Rucker and Galinsky 2012). One of the coping strategies that people use is compensatory consumptions for power products suchas luxurious shoes and bags as a means of recovering and showing their power (Han, Nunes, and Drese 2010). It is generally believed that the compensatory consumptions for power products can appear more often for people who highly value materialism. Reflecting the phenomenon, main objectives of the current study are to examine how consumers show compensatory consumption behaviors when they experience powerlessness and how materialism moderates the relationship between powerlessness and compensatory consumption. In order to achieve the main objectives, two studies were conducted. In study 1, we employed an exploratory method to find out the sources that cause powerlessness, emotions that consumers feel when they experience powerlessness, and compensatory behaviors that consumers show to cope with the emotions. In study 2, we empirically investigated the relationship between powerlessness and desire to purchase power-products and how materialism moderates the relationship based on results of study 1. The result of study 1 showed that there are seven sources of powerlessness: economic resource, position of authority, failure, control, expertise, relationship with people and respect from others. In addition, powerlessness caused negative emotions for consumers such as frustration, sadness, lethargy, anger, and gloom. The results also showed that in order to cope with the negative emotions, consumers showed compensatory behaviors such as going to movies, sleeping, and going shopping. Especially, when consumers go shopping as compensatory behaviors, they mostly purchased shoes, bags, and clothes. Main hypotheses tested in study 2 are as follows. H1: consumers`` willingness to pay (WTP)for power products is higher when consumers experience powerlessness than when they experience power. H2: the more consumers value materialism, consumers’ WTP is higher for power products when consumers experience powerlessness than when they experience power. To test the hypotheses, we conducted t-test and ANOVA. The results showed that the main hypotheses were supported. As a result of H1 test, consumers showed higher WTP for power products when they experience powerlessness than when they experience power. As a result of H2 test, consumers who value materialism showed higher WTP for power products when they experience powerlessness. There are significant academic contributions made by the current study. First, this study employed both exploratory and empirical research method to examine the effect of powerlessness on consumer behavior by focusing on powerlessness in consumer domain. Second, this study not only revealed the sources of powerlessness and the negative emotions caused by the powerlessness, but also showed how consumers perform compensatory consumption for power products as a means of coping with the negative emotions. Finally, this study showed the importance of materialism in consumer study by finding that the more consumers value materialism, the higher WTP is for power products when consumers experience powerlessness.

경제적 무력감이 상징소비에 미치는 영향

김미예 ( Kim Miyea ),김정구 ( Kim Chung K. ),한정수 ( Han Jeongsoo ),전미나 ( Jun Mina ),정우영 ( Jeong Wooyoung ) 한국소비자학회 2016 소비자학연구 Vol.27 No.6

소비자들은 일상적인 소비생활에서 겪을 수 있는 소비제약 상황이나, 주변 사람들과 소비생활을 비교하게 될 때 심리적으로 움츠려 드는 경제적 무력감을 느낄 수 있다. 본 연구는 소비자들이 소비생활을 하며 흔히 느낄 수 있는 심리적 상태인 경제적 무력감을 느낄 때 상징소비행동을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 이에, 본 연구는 소비자가 경제적 무력감을 느낄 때, 사회적 무력감을 느낄 때와는 다르게 파워상징상품으로 보상소비를 하지 않고 (가설 1), 소비자들은 경제적 무력감을 느낄 때는 필수상품에 대한 소비지출의향이 높지만, 경제적 자신감을 느낄 때는 파워상징상품에 대한 소비지출의향이 높아질 수 있음을 확인한다 (가설2). 마지막으로 경제적으로 무력감을 느낄 때, 물질주의가 높은 소비자들은 파워상징상품에 대한 추구가 높지만, 물질주의가 낮은 소비자들은 의미상징상품에 대한 추구가 높아질 수 있음을 보여준다 (가설3). 본 연구에서 제시한 가설을 검증하기 위해 연구1은 대학생 175명, 연구2는 대학생 121명, 연구3은 일반인 183명을 대상으로 실험을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 학문적 기여는 소비생활을 하며 빈번히 느낄 수 있는 경제적 무력감을 사회적 무력감과 구분하여 소비행동에 미치는 영향을 설명하였다는 점이다. 또한 본 연구를 통해 다른 사람을 위한 의미있는 소비가치를 반영한 의미상징상품을 제시하여 경제적 무력감 해소를 위한 다양한 상징소비가 있음을 보여주었다. 본 연구에서 제시한 경제적 무력감이라는 심리적 상태가 파워 리콜태스크 만으로도 전환될 수 있음을 연구결과를 통해 확인하였기에, 긍정적인 사회 분위기 조성은 소비행동에도 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있는 시사점을 제공한다. Personal economic condition can play a critical role in consumers` purchasing pattern. Purchasing decision of consumers are limited by their personal economic condition (Tully, Tershfield, and Meyvis 2015). In this situation, consumers feel economic powerlessness which can be defined as a feeling of relative deprivation by one`s personal economic condition. Then, how consumers do differentiated compensation consumption when they feel the economic powerlessness? The purpose of this study is to show how economic powerlessness has different impact on consumers behavior than social powerlessness does. This study also examines how materialism which is closely related to consumer behavior affect consumers` purchasing decisions under economic powerlessness. In order to achieve the purposes of this study, a series of 3 experiments were conducted, As a result of study 1, different from social powerlessness, economic powerlessness does not lead consumers to do compensation consumption with power-symbolic products. Study 2 reveals that consumers have stronger purchasing intentions for necessary goods when they feel economic powerlessness while consumers have stronger purchasing intentions for power-symbolic products when they feel economic confidence. Study 3 reveals that consumers with high materialism show stronger purchasing intentions for power-symbolic products even when consumers feel economic powerlessness. On the contrary, consumers with low materialism show stronger purchasing intentions for meaning-symbolic products when they feel economic powerlessness. This results demonstrates strong impact of materialism on consumers` behavior under economic powerlessness. This study has several significant contributions in that it distinguishes economic powerlessness from social powerlessness and examines how economic powerlessness influences consumers` purchasing behaviors. As economic recession continues, investigating consumer behavior under economic powerless is getting more significant. In this light, this study can play an important role as a basis for future studies in respective research area.

오셀로와 이야고 : 추리소설 작가 아가서 크리스티의 눈을 통하여

김미예(Miye Kim) 한국셰익스피어학회 2003 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.39 No.4

Agatha Christie, a famous mystery writer suggests that X and Iago, the secret murderers have the common pattern of act. X and Iago destroy the people by playing a role of 'gentle-natured loving friends', who understand all and are considerate of other people's feelings. By taking advantage of the positive value of 'honesty', they cause the negative one of 'chaos' and 'hate'. Nevertheless, no one believes that they are hateful plotters ensnaring the victims they have chosen. Their pattern of act reminds us that though a cause itself has the name of great value, its effect depends on the will of the doer. According to Agatha Christie's opinion, the theory of catalysis explains the characteristics of a Iago. This theory perhaps may tell us the whole of Othello. A man who carries the function of catalyst in life remains as he is, while other people around him are changed. Iago remains honest and unchanged almost till the end, though he has been centering on the process of negative change in the relationship between Othello and Desdemona. X, another Iago, would have kept on living as the gentle-natured loving man and always two persons among his friends should have proved to be a murderee and a murderer. The people around Iago or X always change toward negative direction. This theory proves to us not that without Iago Othello would have not murdered Desdemona but that Iago can intrude into some fatal breaches between Othello and Desdemona that cannot be curable. Some necessary elements between Othello and Desdemona causing the breach lie hidden in the subconscious world of desire. Those elements leading to ruin cannot work without Iago. Othello and Desdemona, however, have in themselves the weakness causing alienation and breach so strong that they are likely to meet a Iago for a Iago is a man of talent to alienate a person from others. In other words, it must be an inevitable consequence that Othello should meet Iago and fall to self-destruction by murdering or destroying his innocent wife, Desdemona, for he has the potential quality of destruction. Therefore Othello is not just a victim of Iago. The essential qualities of Othello and Iago are on the same board, though in the pattern of their action, the one react passively and the other actively. The sense of inferiority of Iago and Othello causes the sadistic violence and destruction and finally self-destruction.

셰익스피어 극을 통한 인간이해 - 비극을 중심으로

김미예(Miye Kim) 한국셰익스피어학회 2006 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.42 No.2

Every man that searches for spiritual evolution cannot get to the highest state of wisdom without facing the inner-self. Shakespeare's tragedies, King Lear, Macbeth, Hamlet show that tragic heroes should live lives of suffering and ignorance because of the failure of seeing through into the self wrapped with every kind of illusion. They also show how much more a hard job it is that a man should make a ethical choice via self-awareness. Nevertheless, they teach that the hardship is the crucial key to keep man from falling into the state of beast as well. In King Lear, seemingly trivial faults in the relationship between Lear and Cordelia prove to get to the fatal catastrophe, for actions are taken without the knowledge of true self. Lear's tragedy is brought about by the failure of finding the true cause of his wrath in himself, which energy is uncontrollable to him. Cordelia's hatred towards her sisters who talkatively pay lip services to their father-king in order to 'draw' their fortunes provokes her habit of teaching, which has Lear possessed with the storm of wrath. Lear refuses to be taught. The sense of 'being taught' drives him to madness. Lear must have felt the sense of inferiority for he thinks a king should not be taught. The dragon's wrath is touched by the teaching daughter Cordelia who would not acknowledge that her hatred is caused by refusing the inner desire to take an action the same as her sisters do. So she takes herself for an angel. This is the story of persons who fail in achieving self-knowledge and about a king whose mind is so empty as to deny the whole being as a king. We can find in Macbeth another king who has never thought of what a king is. When he murders Duncan, Macbeth hesitates because of lack of just cause. His act of bloody slaughter in the battle is applauded as a brave deed to save the state just because it wins the good cause. Finally Macbeth becomes the victim of an illusion that he qualified himself to be a king. To achieve a goal, Macbeth doesn't tell good from bad and takes a shortcut to the gold crown. But once he has won the goal, he cannot live a happy life for he is not ready for being a king. Malcom says that he has no qualities of good king in himself and so if he were to be a king, he will be of great danger to the peace of the state. Malcom's clear insight into his own nature will make him a good king and at least tell to himself that he should make a transcendental choice for he has found out a wide gap between his nature and what a true king is. Macbeth has no choice but to get to the self-destruction for he has never faced into his true nature, which is full of bloody-mindedness and cowardice. We can find three persons, in Hamlet, who are placed in an similar situation and show different responses in their act. Fortinbras, Laertes, Hamlet have the good cause of revenge. Laertes has gathered a mob of rioters and invaded to the Elsinore under the just cause of revenge for his father. He, however, chooses to plot against Hamlet, for he has to hide his desire to make the best of an opportunity and become a king. Fortinbras, taking advantage of the given cause, never hesitates to satisfy his desire. He never hides what he wants like Hamlet and Laertes do. Hamlet always covers up his desire and his way of doing with many excuses and gets pale with ethical agony: 'whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, or take arms against sea of trouble, and by opposing end them'. Hamlet must have felt charms at Fortinbras' resolute action totally different from his own one. Hamlet sometimes does something rashly and unexpectedly and makes every effort to take his revenge, which causes fatal catastrophe for he does not face what he really wants in himself. After he returns to Denmark from the way to England, he finally finds out the real cause of his action. Hamlet realizes that he wants to kill his uncle who has 'kill'd his king and