음향감쇠매질 내에서 집속초음파에 의한 온도상승의 가시화

김명석,김정순,김무준,하강렬,Kim, Myoungseok,Kim, Jungsoon,Kim, Moojoon,Ha, Kanglyeol 한국음향학회 2014 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

음향감쇠매질 내에서 집속 초음파에 의한 온도 분포 변화를 파악하는 것은 다양한 분야에 매우 중요한 정보를 제공할 수 있다. 본 연구는 음향감쇠매질 내에 임계온도 $30^{\circ}C$인 시온안료를 사용한 감온 필름을 삽입하여 비침습적으로 온도 상승 효과를 조사하였다. 음향감쇠매질은 한천과 설탕을 섞어 제작하였으며 매질내 음향특성을 제어하기위해 사용한 설탕 농도는 25 %에서 40 %까지 변화시켰다. 집속 초음파에 의한 온도상승 효과를 감온 필름의 변색영역의 변화로 관찰한 결과 초음파 방사 후 2~5 s 사이에 급격한 변색 영역의 증가를 보이다가 그 이 후 완만한 변화를 보였다. 시뮬레이션에서는 실험 결과와는 달리 초음파 방사후 10 s까지 선형적으로 변색영역이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이는 매질의 열전도도 및 열용량은 온도에 따라 변하는 값을 가지는데, 시뮬레이션에는 이를 고려하지 못했기 때문으로 사료된다. The temperature change due to focused ultrasound in dissipative acoustic medium is very important because it provides us much information. To measure the temperature change inside of the dissipative acoustic medium non-invasively, we adopt a temperature sensitive film which has thermochromic particles with critical temperature of $30^{\circ}C$. As a dissipative acoustic medium, agar layer is chosen in the study. The temperature change due to the ultrasound was measured depending on the concentration of the sugar in the agar layer. The color change on the film due to the ultrasound was investigated when the concentration of sugar was from 25% to 40%. As the result, there were rapid increases of discolored area on the film within 2~5 second after the ultrasound driving and the increasing rates decreased after the period. To compare the simulation results were also shown. However in the simulated result, the discolored areas linearly increased from start to 10 seconds. The reason of the differences between the experimental results and simulated ones is that the change of thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the medium were not considered in the simulation program.

새로운 Anthracycline계 항암제 DA-125의 일반약리작용

김명석,박종완,김영훈,김순회,신명수,김원배,양중익,Kim, Myung-Suk,Park, Jong-Wan,Kim, Young-Hoon,Kim, Soon-Hoe,Shin, Myeong-Soo,Kim, Won-Bae,Yang, Junn-Ick 대한약리학회 1994 대한약리학잡지 Vol.30 No.2

The general pharmacological effects of a new anthracycline anticancer agent, DA-125 $[7-0-(2,\;6-dideoxy-2-fluoro-{\alpha}-L-talopyranosyl)-adriamycinone-14-{\beta}-alaninate{\cdot}HCI]$ were investigated in mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits and dogs. Intravenous administration of DA-125 presented no significant effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems of ICR mice except a decrease in the numbers of acetic acid-induced writhing response at a dose of 10 mg/kg. In anesthetized rats and dogs, DA-125 produced a transient depression of blood pressure and an increase in heart rate, but did not affect the peripheral blood flow in the isolated ear vessels of rabbits and the mechanical functions of the isolated hearts of guinea pigs. No significant effects were observed on the gastrointestinal functions and the contractilities of smooth muscle preparations obtained from guinea pig trachea, rabbit ileum, pregnant and non-pregnant uterus and vas deferens of rats. DA-125 Increased the contractility of the isolated ileum of guinea pigs in a dose range of $10^{-6}{\sim}10^{-9}g/ml$, and also increased, but weaker than adriamycin, the vascular permeability in rat skin. DA-125 had no effect on the kallikrein-induced increase in permeability and the permeability of the visceral organs. DA-125 did not adversely affect the liver function and the blood coagulation system, and did not induce hemolysis in vitro. It is concluded from the results that the general pharmachological effects of DA-125 are similar to or weaker than those of adriamycin, and that little adverse effects are anticipated with a therapeutic dose range.

열병합발전의 전력가격 보상 개선 방안

김명석,Kim, Myeong-Seok 한국열병합발전협회 2006 열병합발전 Vol.52 No.-

흰쥐의 위산분비 및 혈장 Gastrin농도에 미치는 대상회전 제거의 영향

김명석,조양혁,김태욱,최현,Kim, Myung-Suk,Jo, Yang-Hyeok,Kim, Tae-Uk,Choi, Hyun 대한생리학회 1984 대한생리학회지 Vol.18 No.2

It has been recently reported that cingulate cortex mar facilitate gastric acid secretion, but its facilitatory mechanism on the gastric acid secretion is still unclear. This study was undertaken to investigate the facilitatory mechanism of the cingulate cortex upon gastric acid secretion in rats. Twenty·three male albino rats were divided into the cingulate(N= 13) and the operated control(N= 10) groups. The cingulate group in which cingulate cortex was removed by suction through a slit-shaped opening on each side of, and parallel to, the sagittal suture. In the operated control group, the surgical procedure was ended with the skull opening and the incision of dura mater. The gastric juice was collected via a chronic gastric cannula after 24 hours of fast, with water ad libitum. The juice was collected continuously for 6 hours, starting 3 hours prior to the injection of gastric secretagogue, pentagastrin$(12\;{\mu}g/kg)$ or histamine dihydrochloride $(320\;{\mu}g/kg)$. Three one·hour samples were obtained before ana after the administration of each secretagogue. The two agents were injected separately and subcutaneously at intervals of 1 week, the blood samples were drawn from the abdominal aorta for the radioimmunoassay of postprandial plasma gastrin concentration in response to the forced feeding of 10% cod liver oil. 1) After pentagastrin administration, the volume of gastric juice tended to decrease, but its acidity tended to increase in the cingulate group compared with those of the operated control group. However, there was no any difference in the acid output between the two groups. 2) Histamine-stimulated acid output and volume of the gastric juice of the cingulate group decreased significantly compared with those of the operated control group, while there was not significantly different in the acidity between the two groups. 3) Before pentagastrin or histamine administration, any change was not observed in the gastric acid secretion following the cingulate cortical ablation. 4) Postprandial plasma gastrin concentration in response to the forced feeding of 10% cod liver oil was insignificantly lower in the cingulate group than in the operated control group. It is inferred from the above results that the cingulate cortex exerts a facilitatory influence upon the histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion in rats, and its influence may not be mediated by the stimulation of gastrin secretion.

협대역 가입자 접속장치

김명석,오의교,정희창,Kim, Myeong-Seok,O, Ui-Gyo,Jeong, Hui-Chang 대한전자공학회 1989 전자공학회지 Vol.16 No.3

깨죽이 정상 성인의 혈장 Gastrin 농도에 미치는 영향

김명석,이윤렬,권경옥,조양혁,박형진,Kim, Myung-Suk,Lee, Yoon-Lyeur,Kwon, Kyoung-Ok,Jo, Yang-Hyeok,Park, Hyoung-Jin 대한생리학회 1982 대한생리학회지 Vol.16 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of ingestion of sesame (Sesamum indicum) gruel as a nourishing meal upon the plasma gastrin concentration in normal Korean. Sixteen normal persons with no history of gastrointestinal diseases, including male and female were studied. After an overnight(about 15 hrs) fast, eight persons(mean age: 26.6, range: $20{\sim}40$ years) of them ingested a 350 ml sesame gruel corresponding to 12 g protein, 13 g fat and 99 g carbohydrate, and the remaining 8 subjects(mean age: 21.3, range: $20{\sim}24$ years) ingested a 350 ml glutinous rice gruel(control meal) corresponding to 8 g protein, 1 g fat and 115 g carbohydrate. The venous blood samples were drawn before and after the ingestion of the test meal for the measurement of gastrin by means of radioimmunoassay. 1) Plasma gastrin concentration in response to the ingestion of sesame gruel or glutinous rice gruel increased significantly compared with the concentration in fasting state. 2) Mean increment or percent increment in postprandial plasma gastrin concentration after the ingestion of sesame gruel was not significantly different from that after the control meal, i.e. the glutinous rice gruel. It is inferred from the above results that the ingestion of sesame contained in sesame gruel may have no significant influence on gastrin release in normal human subjects.

Effect of Damage to Medial Amygdaloid Nucleus on Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion Stimulated by Hydrochloric Acid in the Rat

김명석,윤신희,한상준,김미혜,Kim, Myung-Suk,Yoon, Shin-Hee,Hahn, Sang-June,Kim, Mie-Hye The Korean Physiological Society 1988 대한생리학회지 Vol.22 No.2

본 연구는 십이지장내 생리 식염수와 0.01 N HCl을 주입했을때 내측 편도핵의 손상이 췌액 분비와 혈장 secretin 농도에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 44마리의 수컷 흰쥐를 사용하였다. 그 중 21마리의 흰쥐는 뇌정위 고정장치에 의해 내측 편도핵에 삽입된 전극을 통해 양측성으로 내측 편도핵을 파괴한 내측 편도핵 손상군이고, 나머지 23마리는 편도핵의 손상없이 동일한 수술 조작만을 가한 수술 대조군이다. urethan 마취후에 십이지장 근위부에 위치한 관을 통해 십이지장 내강에 0.01 N HCl 또는 생리 식염수(0.9% NaCl)를 0.18ml/min 속도로 주입하면서 20분간 췌액을 채취하였다. 췌액 체취후 복대동맥에서 채혈하여 혈장 secretin농도를 측정하였다. 내측 편도핵 손상군에서 십이지장내 생리 식염수는 물론 0.01 N HCl 주입에 의한 췌액량은 수술 대조군의 것보다 유의하게 감소하였다. 내측 편도핵 손상군의 췌액내 단백질량은 생리 식염수 주입시 수술대조군의 것보다 유의하게 감소하였고, 0.01 N HCI 주입시에는 유의하지는 않지만 감소한 경향을 보였다. 그러나 기초상태 및 염산 자극에 의한 혈장 secretin 농도는 내측 편도핵의 손상에 의하여 아무런 영향을 받지 않았다. 따라서 내측 편도핵은 기초 상태 및 염산 자극에 의한 췌액의 분비에 촉진적 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각되나, secretin 분비기전이 이 촉진 영향에 관련되는 것으로는 보이지 않는다. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of the medial amygdaloid nucleus on the pancreatic exocrine secretion and plasma secretin concentration in 44 male albino rats. Twenty-three rats in which the medial amygdaloid nucleus was damaged bilaterally by radio frequency a.c. through stereotaxically inserted electrodes (medical amygdaloid group, MA) and twenty-one rats which received the same operation without damage (operated control, OC), were prepared. Under urethan anesthesia, 0.01 N hydrochloric acid (HCl) or physiological saline (0.9% NaCl) was infused at a rate of 0.18 ml/min into the duodenum for 20 minutes. Pancreatic jucie was collected for the 20 min infusion period. After collection of pancreatic juice, blood was sampled from the abdominal aorta for the radioimmunoassay of plasma secretin concentration. In the MA group, the exocrine pancreatic secretory response to 0.01 N HCI as well as saline infusion was significantly inhibited compared with that in the OC group. The pancreatic protein output of the MA group significantly decreased after the saline infusion and tended to decrease after the 0.01 N HCI infusion, compared with that of the OC group. However, there was no significant difference in plasma secretin concentration between the two groups. Therefore it is strongly suggested that the rat medial amygdaloid nucleus has a facilitatory influence on both basal and acid-stimulated pancreatic exocrine secretion, but the releasing mechanism of secretin appears not to be involved in the influence.

임플란트 피개의치에서 지대주와 골의 변형률에 관한 연구

김명석,허성주,곽재영,김성균,Kim, Myung-Seok,Heo, Seong-Joo,Koak, Jai-Young,Kim, Sung-Kyun 대한치과보철학회 2009 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.47 No.2

연구목적: 임플란트 피개의치에서 연결고정형과 비연결고정형 보철물 지대주와 골의 변형률을 비교하고 임플란트 식립 경사에 따른 변형률을 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 2개의 아크릴릭 레진 모형의 좌측과 우측 견치 부위에 2개의 외부연결형 임플란트를 각각의 모형에 식립하였다. 한 모형에는 두 개의 임플란트를 평행하게 식립하였고, 다른 모형에는 순측과 설측으로 10도의 이개도(divergence)를 가지게 임플란트를 식립하였다. 모형에서 바를 이용한 연결고정형 지대주와 볼을 이용한 비연결고정형 지대주를 고정체에 번갈아 연결하고, 각각의 경우 대응하는 유지장치가 부착된 피개의치를 제작하여 지대주 상에 안착시켰다. 전기저항 스트레인 게이지(strain gauge)를 이용하여 피개의치에 100 N에서 200 N의 부하를 가하였을 때 지대주와 가상골 표면의 변형률(strain)을 측정하였다. 결과 및 결론: 측정된 값들을 통계분석하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 바를 이용한 연결고정형 보철물은 비연결형 보철물 보다 높은 변형률 값을 보였다. 그러나 방향은 주로 압축력이었으며 부하는 분산되었다(P<.05). 볼을 이용한 비연결고정형 보철물은 연결고정형보다 낮은 변형률 값을 보였다(P<.05). 순측경사된 임플란트에서는 비연결고정형 보철물이 연결고정형 보철물보다 더 높은 변형률 값을 보였다. 설측경사된 임플란트는 순측경사된 임플란트보다 낮은 변형률을 보였다(P<.05). 임플란트가 평행하게 식립된 경우보다 평행하지 않게 식립된 경우 지대주와 가상골의 변형률 값이 더 높았다(P<.05). Statements of the problem: Over the past decades, conventional complete dentures were used for various patients although they have incomplete function. Overdentures using dental implants could help the improvement of denture function. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the strains of abutment and bone on implant overdenture between splinted and unsplinted type of prosthesis. Additionally, the strain values of parallel placed implant model and unparallel placed implant model were compared. Material and methods: Two acrylic resin model were prepared and two implants were placed at the canine positions in each model. In the first model, two implant were placed parallel. In the second model, two implants were placed with 10 degree labiolingual divergence. Two types of abutment were connected to the fixtures alternatively. One was splint type of Hader bar, the other was unsplint type of ball abutment. Overdentures were fabricated with corresponding attachment systems and seated on abutments. Strains of abutments and labial bone simulants were measured with electric resistance strain gauges when static load from 100 N to 200 N were applied to overdentures. Results: 1. Splinted type of overdentures using bar and clip showed higher absolute strain values. But the strain was compressive and the load was shared by two implants(P<.05). 2. Unsplinted type overdentures using ball and O-ring showed low absolute strain values(P<.05). 3. Labially inclined implant showed higher tensile strain values in unsplinted type of prosthesis than in splinted type of prosthesis. Lingually inclined implant showed rather low strain values under load(P<.05). 4. Non parallel implant model showed higher absolute strain values than parallel placed implant model comprehensively(P<.05).

고양이 위(胃)의 수축 및 전기활동에 대한 에탄올과 칼슘의 관계

김명석,심상수,윤신희,한상준,김정진,최현,Kim, Myung-Suk,Sim, Sang-Soo,Yoon, Shin-Hee,Han, Sang-Jun,Kim, Chung-Chin,Choi, Hyun 대한생리학회 1987 대한생리학회지 Vol.21 No.2

This was study carried out to investigate the effect of calcium on spontaneous contraction and electrical activity induced by ethanol in gastric smooth muscle. After peeling off the mucous membrane from the isolated whole stomach of 102 cats, two kinds of small muscle preparations $(2.0{\times}0.2\;cm)$, one longitudinal and the other circular, were excised from the fundus, the corpus and the antrum portion of each whole stomach specimen. The isometric contraction of the small muscle preparation was measured in a cylinder-shaped chamber filled with Krebs-Ringer-dextrose solution (pH 7.4, temperature $36{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$) bubbling with 5% $CO_2$ in $O_2$. A large muscle preparation $(5.0{\times}1.2\;cm)$ was excised from the anterior wall of the corpus-antrum portion of the same specimen in 72 of 102 cats. The gastric electrical activity (slow wave and spike potential) was monopolarly recorded by four capillary electrodes (Ag-AgCl), of which two were placed on the corpus and two on the antrum, in a muscle chamber filled with the same solution as described above. Changes in the amplitude of the contraction, frequency of the gastric slow wave and the production of the spike potential were observed after adding ethanol and/or under the treatments with verapamil, $CaCl_2$ and Ca-free Krebs-Ringer-dextrose solution. The results were as follows: 1) After adding ethanol, the spontaneous phasic contraction of the corpus was reduced dose-dependently (0.125-2.0%), which was totally abolished by higher concentrations (2.0-8.0%) of ethanol. 2) The corporal phasic contraction was also completely abolished by verapamil $(3{\times}10^{-5}\;M)$ or Ca-free Krebs-Ringer-dextrose solution. The contraction was increased by $CaCl_2\;(1.8{\times}10^{-3}\;M)$, but the inhibitory effect of ethanol on the contraction persisted even under the treatment with $CaCl_2$. 3) At higher concentrations, ethanol caused tonic contraction of both preparations from the fundus, the corpus and the antrum in a dose-dependent manner. The tonic contraction of the fundus produced by ethanol was not influenced by $CaCl_2$ or verapamil, whereas the tonic contraction was not produced by ethanol in tile Ca-free solution. 4) Frequency of gastric slow wave was decreased dose-dependently by the addition of ethanol (0.25-1.0%), and tile slow wave was not produced by higher concentration of ethanol (2.0%). 5) The frequency of slow wave was significantly reduced by verapamil only and the inhibitory influence of ethanol on the slow wave frequency was reinforced by verapamil. 6) The treatment of $CaCl_2$ increased significantly the slow wave frequency, and attenuated the inhibitory effect of ethanol on the frequency. It is therefore suggested that ethanol regulates the phasic contraction and the production of slow wave by interfering with the transport of calcium in the stomach muscle of the cat.

적출한 고양이 위(胃)의 전기활동에 미치는 prostaglandin $E_2$ 및 indomethacin의 영향

김명석,이윤렬,Kim, Myung-Suk,Lee, Yoon-Lyur 대한생리학회 1983 대한생리학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$ and indomethacin upon the electrical activity of the isolated cat stomach muscle strips$(1.5{\times}7.0\;cm)$. Fifty-seven muscle strips, obtained from 57 cat stomachs(including corpus and antrum) were studied in a muscle chamber filled with Krebs solution(pH 7.4, temperature $36{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$) aerated with 5% $CO_2$ in $O_2$. The electrical activity was recorded by five capillary electrodes (Ag-AgCl), of which two were placed on the corpus and three on the antrum. After recording of the electrical activity in normal Krebs solution, $PGE_2$ in concentrations of 0.25(N=7), 0.5(=7), 1(N=7) and $2{\times}10^{-7}\;M(N=6)$ were administered to 27 muscle strips, while indomethacin was applied in concentretions of 0.25(N=9), 0.5(N=10), 1(N=6) and $2{\times}10^{-3}\;M(N=5)$ to the remaining 30 strips. The mean frequency were minutely measured from each electrogastrogram. 1) By adding $PGE_2$ in all doses, gastric slow wave frequency increased significantly compared with that in resting state. 2) Following $PGE_2$ administration, peak slow wave frequency increased dose-dependently. 3) After indomethacin addition in all doses, the slow wave frequency decreased significantly compared with that in resting state. 4) Following indomethacin administration, incidence of complete abolition of slow wave increased dose-dependently, and its latent period decreased also in a dose-dependent manner. It is inferred from the above results that prostaglandin $E_2$ has a facilitatory role in the development of gastric slow wave in cat.