말기 진정

김두식,Kim, Doo-Sik 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2010 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.13 No.3

李元雨의 『九曲散稿』와 堤川

최식 ( Choi Sik ) (사)율곡연구원 2021 율곡학연구 Vol.46 No.-

確齋 李元雨(1880~1962)는 제천 출신으로 毅堂 朴世和와 晦堂 尹膺善의 문하에서 수학한 인물이며, 『九曲散稿』 필사본 8책이 전한다. 『구곡산고』는 본래 草稿本이 詩稿 2책(第一,第二), 雜稿 3책(第三,第四,第五), 語錄/經義問答 1책(第六) 총 6책이다. 이후 詩稿 1책(第三 題簽)과 經義問答 1책(第六 題簽)이 추가되어 현재의 改稿本 8책으로 전해지게 된다. 그런데 『구곡산고』는 초고본이 완성된 이후, 수차례에 걸쳐 수정과 보완이 이루어진다. 현전하는 『구곡산고』 8책은 改稿本으로 詩稿 3책(第一,第二/第三 題簽), 雜稿 3책(第三,第四,第五), 經義問答 1책(第六 題簽), 語錄/經義問答 1책(第七 題簽)이다. 『구곡산고』 第三(題簽)은 第一·第二가 시체별로 나란히 배열된 것과는 달리, 시체별 구분도 없고 창작시대도 뒤죽박죽 뒤섞인 상태이다. 이는 『구곡산고』 초고본 詩稿 2책에 누락된 작품을 수습하였음을 의미한다. 따라서 草稿本 이후 추가로 詩稿를 완성하여 題簽한 것으로 판단된다. 또한 『구곡산고』 第六 經義問答(課程)은 1911년 여름에 작성한 이후, 여러 차례 수정을 거쳐서 草稿本 語錄/經義問答 1책으로 되었고, 이후 經義問答(課程)을 추가하여 第六으로 題簽하여 草稿本 語錄/經義問答 1책도 第七로 題簽한 것으로 판단된다. 이원우는 제천을 대표하는 명승지 여덟 곳을 선정하여 그 풍경과 감회를 한시로 남긴바 있다. 堤川八景으로, 林湖釣叟[의림지에서 낚시하는 노인]·蓮寺歸僧[백련사로 돌아가 는 스님]·帒巖游魚[대바위에서 노니는 물고기]·瀾亭鳴灘[관란정의 우는 여울]·碧樓秋月[한벽루의 가을 달]·綾江春帆[능강의 봄 배]·玉筍奇石[옥순봉의 기암괴석]·月嶽晩楓[월악산의 늦은 단풍]이 그것이다. 이원우는 1904년 제천의 서쪽 단계로 이사하여 1905년 단계구곡과 관련한 「단계구곡기」를 기록하고, 1910년 제천 남쪽 구곡리의 요옥동으로 이사하면서 「요옥동기」를 서술하고, 1924년 堤南九曲과 관련한 「堤南九曲記」를 작성한다. 특히 이원우의 구곡 설정은 박세화의 용하구곡과 밀접한 관련을 맺으며, 후학 양성과 강학 활동의 공간이자 시문을 창작하는 배경을 이루고 있다. According to ‘Gugok-sango’ with 8 books of manuscript. Lee Won-woo was from Jecheon and was a student of Uidang Park Se-hwa and Hoidang Yoon Yong-seon. Originally, ‘Gugok-sango’ had its initial draft for a total of 6 books with 2 books of draft poem (No. 1 and No. 2), 3 books of miscellaneous script (No. 3, No. 4 and No. 5) and 1 book of quotations/Gyeongui Inquiry/Response (No. 6). Thereafter, 1 book of draft poem (No. 3 Tiqian) and 1 book of Gyeongui Inquiry/Response (No. 6 Tiqian) were added to hand down to the present 1 book of edited version. However, after completing the initial draft, ‘Gugok-sango’ has a number of correction and supplementation done. The presently existing 8 books of ‘Gugok-sango’ are the edited version and comprised with 3 books of draft poem (No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 Tiqian), 3 books of miscellaneous script (No. 3, No. 4 and No. 5), 1 book of Gyeongui Inquiry/Response (No. 6 Tiqian) and 1 book of quotations/Gyeongui Inquiry/Response (No. 7 Tiqian). Unlike the fact that No. 1 and No. 2 are arranged side by side for each poetry theme, ‘Gugok-sango’ No. 3 (Tiqian) has no classification for each poetry theme and the time oTranslation of Yeonhaeng-rok into Korean language of creative work is also mixed in chaotic fashion. It implies that the works omitted on 2 books of ‘Gugok-sango’ with initial draft poem is collected. Therefore, the draft poem was considered to be added after the initial draft for the Tiqian. In addition, the ‘Gugok-sango’ No. 6 for Gyeongui Inquiry/Response (process) was made for 1 book of initial draft for quotations/Gyeongui Inquiry/Response through several corrections after it was drafted in the summer of 1911, and Gyeongui Inquiry/Response (process) was added thereafter to have 1 book of initial draft for quotations/Gyeongui Inquiry/Response with No. 7 Tiqian and No. 1 Tiqian. Lee Won-woo selected Eight famous places that represent Jecheon and left Chinese poems with their sceneries and sentiment. For the Jecheon Eight Grand Views, there are, Limhojosu [An Old Man Fishing in Uilim-ji], Ryeonsagwiseung [A Monk Returning to Baekrueon-sa], Daeamyueo [Fish Swimming around Daebawi], Ranjeongmyeongtan [Howling Yeowool of Gwanran-jeong], Bueokruchuwol [An Autumn Moon of Hanbyeok-roo], Reunggangchunbeom [Spring Boat of Dong-gang], Oksungaseok [Strange and Weird Rocks of Oksun-bong] and Wolakmanpung [Late Foliage of Wolak-san]. Lee Won-woo moved to Dangye in the west of Jecheon in 1904 and recorded 「Dangye Gugokgi」 related to the Dangye Gugok in 1905, and while he was moving to Yeook-dong of Gurok-ri on the western Jecheon in 1910, he authored 「Yeook-donggi」, and worked on 「Jenam Gugokgi」 related to Jenam Gugok in 1924. In particular, the Gugok setting of Lee Won-woo has close ties with Yongha Gugok of Park Se-hwa. Therefore, it is acknowledged as the phase to step toward the right-of-way by succeeding Muui Gugok of Zhu Xi, Seokdam Gugok of Yi Yi, and Yongha Gugok of Park Se-hwa, and Gugok is perceived as the space to enlighten the reason for all things found in nature, and use the same as the space of nurturing younger scholars and activities of teachings.

저품질 이진 우편 영상에서의 고속 문자 분할

김두식(Doo-Sik Kim),남윤석(Yun-Seok Nam) 대한전자공학회 2000 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2000 No.11

《국문정리》에 나타난 한글 글꼴 특성에 관한 연구

김두식(Kim Doo-Sik) 한국출판학회 2004 한국출판학연구 Vol.0 No.47

Kukmunjungle(국문정리) was written and printed by woodblock by Lee Bong-Wun as a korean grammar textbook in 1897. It's a bock which can confirm the letter types woodblock-printed in Hangul(한글). And also it shows writing type of calligrapher definitely. Especially there are two kinds of types in this book, little cursive and correct letter. The following is a summary about letter type in this book. 1. Letter type ① There are so many different letter shape due to lack of consistent transcription even in same letters. ② The size proportion of final consonants 'ㄱ, ㄴ' is not in balance with letters frequently. ③ There are two types of outline. square and upright rectangular. in this book, ④ The semi-cursive style comes out occasionally. ⑤ There is a unified harmony between the size of letters and the use of strokes in this bock ⑥ The vowel '-ㄴ' is linked the left' ㄱ' in the initia1 sound 'ㅁ' in the

한,중,일 3국의 정치적 태도 비교 연구: 민주주의와 사회경제체제에 대한 태도를 중심으로

김두식 ( Doo Sik Kim ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2008 한국과 국제정치 Vol.24 No.2

해방후 판검사 임용에서 “해방전 자격 취득” 의 근거와 실제

김두식 ( Doo Sik Kim ) 법과사회이론학회 2015 법과 사회 Vol.0 No.50

The purpose of this study is to analyze the appointment paths of Korean judges and public prosecutors who had Japanese lawyer certificate right after the end of the World War II. They did not draw much attention from academia because they were believed to have much clearer base in their appointment than the experienced court clerks in Japanese colonial era. This study created a database of 517 judges and 420 public prosecutor who were appointed between August 1945 and November 1958 and conducted a systematic analysis on their career paths. From the micro-analyses, the existence of ‘a gray area’ was found. Two groups of people were in this gray area: One group consists of those who passed the ‘Japanese higher civil-service examination for selection of judical officers’ or ‘Chosun bar examination’ but could not complete the 18-month legal practicum and the other group is composed of those who applied for ‘Chosun Bar Examination’ but could not finish the exam because Korea was liberated in the middle of exam dates. Significant differences were found among these individuals in terms of (a) whether or not they worked as law-clerk (so called ‘probationer’), (b) whether they applied for another examination, and (c) the timing of the appointment as judges and public prosecutors. Some of these people were promoted to the high-ranking officials including the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in Korean legal system. The investigation of the appointment paths of the judges and public prosecutors right after the liberation would be the crucial key in understanding the origin of the Korean legal system.

특집 : 이명박 정부하의 국가인권위원회, 위기인가 기회인가?

김두식 ( Doo Sik Kim ) 법과사회이론학회 2010 법과 사회 Vol.0 No.39

Article 1 of the National Human Rights Commission Act defines the purpose of the Commission is to ensure that inviolable, fundamental human rights of all individuals are protected and the standards of human rights are improved. Unlike other governmental agencies, the National Human Rights Commission of Korea (NHRCK) has developed its uniqueness not as a "neutral" agency but as a "partial" agency to the victims of human rights violation and discrimination and this uniqueness can be said as the justification of its existence. In order to assure this uniqueness, the first thing to be secured is its independence. The NHRCK cannot play a needed role and does not stand for the oppressed and discriminated unless it stands independently from other powers. Under the Lee Myung-Bak Government, however, the NHRCK is confronted with many challenges such as the President`s trial to make the NHRCK one of many presidential committees, the revision of the Office Regulation for the personnel cut of the NHRCK forced by the Ministry of Public Administration and Security, the appointment of an inexperienced chairperson, and successive retirement of competent staff members. The crisis of the NHRCK is not an unexpected situation. The basis of the NHRCK has not been strong enough to protect its own uniqueness and independence against the pressure of a human-rights-perspective-absent government. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview and an analysis of the challenges that NHRCK has run into from its establishment. The author argues that there is an urgent need to establish an efficient and stable system which is free from political powers through examining every aspect of the NHRCK including management system.

일반문단 : 홍성우 변호사 인권변론 기록의 가치와 과제: 1977년 리영희 교수 필화 사건을 중심으로

김두식 ( Doo Sik Kim ) 법과사회이론학회 2011 법과 사회 Vol.0 No.41

``Hong Sungwoo Archive`` is a record that Mr. Sungwoo Hong collected when he was working as a defense attorney for various human rights litigations from 1970s to 1980s. This archive was known to the world by a book entitled An Era of Human Rights Defense written by Professor In-Sub Hahn after he interviewed Mr. Hong. The archive, composed of 133 cases and 1207 records in over 46000 pages, presents tremendous amount of materials. The purpose of this article is to investigate the value of this material, focusing on an Anti-Communism Law case against Professor Young-hee Lee, a liberal thinker and journalism scholar, who wrote the books <An Discourse with 8 Hundred-Million People> and <Idol and Reason> in 1977. He served more than 2 years in jail on account of praising the Chinese Communist Party in these books about China under the Park`s military government. The records of Lee`s case included in the ``Hong Sungwoo Archive`` remind us of the history that we should not forget, tell us who would be the perpetrators, and thus show the evolution of the Criminal Law and Procedure of Korea. The author suggests that future researchers draw attention on this archive, search for a way to open this archive to the public without violation of privacy, and gather similar records from across the country to establish national archive.

계층적 신경망 분류기를 이용한 다양한 언어, 활자체 및 크기의 대용량 문자 인식

김두식(Doo-Sik Kim),이성환(Seong-Whan Lee) 한국정보과학회 1998 정보과학회논문지(B) Vol.25 No.5

본 논문에서는 계층적 신경망 분류기를 이용한 다양한 언어, 활자체 및 크기의 대용량 문자 인식을 위한 실용적인 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법에서는 다양한 활자체 및 크기의 문자에서 발생하는 형태 변형을 보상하기 위하여 점밀도를 이용한 비선형 형태 정규화 방법을 사용하였으며, 다양한 언어 대용량 문자 인식의 속도 향상을 위하여 분류 과정을 대분류 단계와 상세 분류 단계로 나누고 계층적 특징 추출 방법을 적용하였다. 대분류 단계에서는 적응적 SOFM 대분류기와 LVQ4 언어분류기로 구성된 SOFM/LVQ 분류기를 사용하였으며, 상세분류 단계에서는 LVQ4를 기반으로 하는 상세분류기를 사용하였다. 제안된 방법의 성능 평가를 위하여 7,320개의 서로 다른 부류를 갖는 3,074,400자를 대상으로 Pentium 166MHz PC상에서 인식 실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과, 적응적 SOFM 대분류기, LVQ4 언어분류기 그리고 LVQ4 상세분류기로 구성된 제안된 방법이 98.32%의 인식률과 초당 59자 이상의 인식 속도를 가짐으로써 다양한 언어, 활자체 및 크기의 대용량 문자 인식에 매우 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다. In this paper, we propose a practical scheme for multi-lingual, multi-font, and multi-size large-set character recognition using hierarchical neural network classifier. In order to compensate for the variation derived from multi-font and multi-size characters, a nonlinear shape normalization based on dot density was introduced. Also, we divided classification process into two step and applied hierarchical feature extraction methods for improving multi-lingual large-set character recognition. In coarse classification step, we used a SOFM/L VQ based classifier which is composed of an adaptive SOFM coarse-classifier and LVQ4 language-classifiers. In fine classification step, an LVQ4 classifier was used. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, recognition experiments with 3,074,400 characters having 7,320 different classes was carried out on a Pentium 166MHz PC. Experimental results revealed that the proposed scheme using an adaptive SOFM coarse-classifier, LVQ4 language-classifiers, and LVQ4 fine-classifiers is very efficient for multi-lingual, multi-font, and multi-size large-set character recognition having high recognition rate of over 98.32% and fast execution time of more than 59 characters per second.

일본산 공기압 밸브 반덤핑 분쟁: 주요 쟁점의 분석 및 평가

김두식(Doo-Sik Kim),김재희(Jae Hee Kim) 법무부 국제법무정책과 2020 통상법률 Vol.- No.146