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폐 유전분증(Amyloidosis)과 다발성 수 (Bullae), 폐 간질내 임파구 침윤이 동반된 Sj$\ddot{o}$gren's 증후군 1예
김동일,임윤정,오영하,김형수,이진성,김동순,Kim, Dong-Il,Lim, Yun-Jeong,Oh, Yung-Ha,Kim, Hyung-Soo,Lee, Jin-Sung,Kim, Dong-Soon 대한결핵및호흡기학회 1997 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.44 No.6
Sj$\ddot{o}$gren's syndrome(SS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of lacrimal and sailvary glands, which results in dry eyes and dry mouth. SS may exist as a primary condition or as a secondary condition in association with connective tissue disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or progressive systemic sclerosis. We experienced a patient with primary SS who developed multiple bullae, nodular type of pulmonary amyloidosis and lymphocytic interstitial peumonitis. We believe this to be the first reported case of SS acompanied by these three types pulmonary manifestations at the same time.
건강한 일부 도시지역 주민의 혈중 연 및 zinc protoporphyrin 농도
김동일,김용규,김정만,정갑열,김준연,장형심,이영호,최안홍,Kim, Dong-Il,Kim, Yong-Kyu,Kim, Jung-Man,Jung, Kap-Yull,Kim, Joon-Youn,Chang, Hyung-Shim,Lee, Young-Ho,Choi, Ahn-Hong 대한예방의학회 1992 예방의학회지 Vol.25 No.3
1991년 5월 1일부터 약 6개월 동안 남자 1,193명 및 여자 658명을 대상으로 우리나라 도시 거주자들의 혈중 혈색소치, ZPP치 및 연농도를 성별, 연령별로 측정한 결과 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 혈색소의 평균치는 남자 $14.55{\pm}1.82g/dl$, 여자 $12.61{\pm}1.18g/dl$이었으며. 20세 이상군에서는 남자가 여자보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 2. 혈중 ZPP치는 $32.54{\pm}9.88(32.09{\sim}32.99{\mu}g/dl,\;95%\;C.I.){\mu}g/dl$ 이었으며 7세 미만 소아의 혈중 ZPP치는 남아 및 여아가 $37.49{\pm}13.31{\mu}g/dl$ 및 $35.77{\pm}11.85{\mu}g/dl$로 7세 이상군의 남자 및 여자의 $31.91{\pm}8.23{\mu}g/dl$ 및 $30.11{\pm}9.11{\mu}g/dl$보다 유의하게 높았다(p< 0.05). 3. 혈중 연농도는 $23.84{\pm}4.58(23.55{\sim}24.14{\mu}g/dl,\;95%\;C.I.){\mu}g/dl$ 이었으며, 7세 미만 소아의 혈중 연농도는 남아 및 여아가 $25.10{\pm}5.21{\mu}g/dl$ 및 $24.45{\pm}4.18{\mu}g/dl$로 7세 이상군의 남자 및 여자의 $24.28{\pm}3.00{\mu}g/dl$ 및 $21.99{\pm}5.05{\mu}g/dl$보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 요약하면 우리나라 도시 거주인은 남녀 모두 전연령에 걸쳐 높은 혈중 ZPP치 및 연농도를 나타내었으며 이러한 현상은 학동기전 소아에서 더욱 현저하므로 이들에 대한 관리대책 수립이 필요하다고 사료된다. Hemoglobin (Hb), zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP) and blood lead (PbB) levels were determined for 1,851 blood samples collected from healthy urban population to establish reliable baselines for Hb, ZPP and PbB levels by age and sex. ZPP values were analyzed with a hematofluorometer and PbB determinations were concurrently carried out using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The blood sampling period was about 6 months from May, 1991 and the summarized results were as follows ; 1. The mean value of Hb in male and female were $14.55{\pm}1.81g/dl$ and $12.61{\pm}1.18g/dl$ respectively and there was statistically significant difference(p<0.05). 2. The mean value of ZPP in pre-schoolchildren was $37.49{\pm}13.31{\mu}g/dl$ for male, $35.77{\pm}11.85{\mu}g/dl$ for female and that of ZPP in after 7 years groups was $31.91{\pm}8.23{\mu}g/dl$ for male, $30.11{\pm}9.11{\mu}g/dl$ for female and there was statistically significant difference(p<0.05). 3. The mean value of PbB in pre-schoolchildren was $25.10{\pm}5.21{\mu}g/dl$ for male, $24.45{\pm}4.18{\mu}g/dl$ for female and that of PbB in after 7 years groups was $24.28{\pm}3.00{\mu}g/dl$ for male, $21.99{\pm}5.05{\mu}g/dl$ for female and there was statistically significant difference(p<0.05).
김동일,정세모,최재철,손진현,류대근,홍창희,Kim, Dong Il,Chung, Se-Mo,Choi, Jai Chul,Son, Jin-Hyeon,Ryu, Dea Keun,Hong, Tchang-Hee The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 1987 전자공학회논문지 Vol.24 No.1
In this paper, we proposed an improved weakly-coupled power divider(TAP UNIT) for CATV and/or MATV systems, by which the degree of freedom in design and density of coupling interval are signifcantly increased compared with the intrinsic one even though the turn ratios are still of discrete values. On the other hand, the new design theory of a generalized n-way power divider with arbitrary dividing ratios, for CATV and/or MATV systems, which consists of ideal multiwinding transformers and resistors only was presented. Since the circuit elements is not frequency dependent, the proposed power divider is to be of considerably broad bandwidth. Furthermore, the experimental verification has been achieved, and, hence, the validity of the design theory proposed here is confirmed.
기체크로마토그래프법을 이용한 [F-18]FDG의 잔류용매 분석
김동일,이일중,김시활,지용기,석재동,Kim, Dong-Il,Lee, Il-Jung,Kim, Shi-Hwal,Chi, Yong-Gi,Seok, Jae-Dong 대한핵의학기술학회 2011 핵의학 기술 Vol.15 No.2
[F-18]FDG 제조 후 품질관리를 수행하는데 있어서 품질관리 항목 중 잔류용매 시험은 최종 [F-18]FDG 바이알에 잔류하는 유기용매를 측정하기 위한 것이다. 본 연구는 자동합성장치에 따른 최종 [F-18]FDG 바이알에 잔류하는 유기용매의 종류를 파악하고, 잔류량을 측정하고자 하였다. 불꽃이온화 검출기(Flame Ionization Detector)가 장착된 기체크로마토그래프(Agilent Technologies 7890A)를 이용하여 제조 후 일주일 이내의 밀봉 바이알에 보관한 [F-18]FDG를 기체크로마토그래프에 $1.0{\mu}L$ 씩 주입한 후 각 피크영역을 구하였다. FASTlab은 평균이 에탄올 72 ppm, 아세토니트릴 54 ppm, 초산 1030 ppm으로 나타났으며, TRACERlab MX는 평균이 에탄올 439 ppm 및 아세토니트릴 79 ppm이 검출되어 모두 의약품 잔류용매기준의 허용량 이내에 있었다. [F-18]FDG 주사액에 있는 잔류용매는 모두 허용량 이내로 환자검사에 사용하는데 적합하였다. 또한 최종 [F-18]FDG 바이알에 있을 수 있는 초산의 최대 이론량은 1167 ppm으로 따로 검량을 하지 않아도 되는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과에서는 자동합성장치에 따라 방사성의약품의 잔류용매의 종류 및 양이 다를 수 있음을 보였다. Purpose: The general test method of the Korean Pharmacopeia specifies the test method on the clauses of quality control after manufacturing. According to KFDA Guidance for Medicines, standards of residual solvents regulates the maximum permissible dose of acetonitrile as 400 ppm, ethanol as 5,000 ppm, and acetic acid as 5,000 ppm. This study aims at identifying the type of resiual solvents in the final [F-18]FDG vial of an automatic synthesizer and measure its residual quantity. Materials and Methods: The center carried out residual solvents test of [F-18]FDG injection using Agilent Technologies 7890A with a Flame Ionization Detector. The column of Agilent Technologies 7890A used in measuring of residual solvents was CP WAX column ($30m{\times}0.53mm{\times}1.0{\mu}m$) and analysis condition was split mode 1:1 at the initial temperature $70^{\circ}C$ which was increased $20^{\circ}C/minute$ after two minutes and maintained at the final $140^{\circ}C$ for two minutes. The analysis method was as following: Firstly, ethanol-acetonitrile-acetic acid mixture was classified into four types of concentration (250-25-250 ppm, 1,000-100-1,000 ppm, 3,000-300-3,000 ppm, and 6,000-600-6,000 ppm), and $1.0{\mu}L$ of each type of concentration was injected into gas chromatography followed by an analysis of its peak domain. Then, a calibration-curve by the external standard method was drawn based on the analysis result. Results: While ethanol and acetonitrile were detected in TRACERlab MX, FASTlab had additional acetic acid. The residual quantity of the ethanol-acetonitrile-acetic acid mixture evaluated using the calibration-curve was average 72 ppm ethanol, 54 ppm acetonitrile, and 1030 ppm acetic acid for FASTlab, whereas average 439 ppm ethanol and 79 ppm acetonitrile for TRACERlab MX. This indicated that both of them were within the maximum permissible dose. Conclusion: Solvent residues in the [F-18]FDG injection were all within maximum permissible doses and proper to be used to examine a patient. The result indicated that types and quantities of solvent resides of radioactive pharmaceuticals vary depending on the automatic synthesizer.
옻의 특징과 옻을 지지재로 사용한 전자파 흡수체의 두께에 따른 전파흡순 특성 분석
김동일,최동한,김기만,Kim Dong-Il,Choi Dong-Han,Kim Ki-Man 한국항해항만학회 2004 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.28 No.10
고성능 복합형 전자파 흡수체를 개발하기 위해 종래에는 지지재로서 주로 Silicone 고무나 CPE(Chloride Polyethylene)가 사용되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 전통 공예에서 사용되어 오던 옻에 대한 특징을 분석하고 옻의 전자파 흡수능을 실험을 통하여 평가하였다. 또한, 옻을 지지재로 사용하여 MnZn 페라이트와 배합하여 전자파 흡수체를 제작한 경우의 전자파 흡수능 및 흡수체의 두께에 따른 흡수능을 실험적으로 평가하였다. 옻을 지지재로 한 MnZn 페라이트 복합형 전자파 흡수체는 CPE나 Silicone 고무를 지지재로 한 전자파 흡수체에 비하여 우수한 전파흡수특성 나타내었으며, 옻을 지지재로 사용한 전자파흡수체의 두께 변화에 따라 정합주파수와 전파흡수능이 변화하는 것으로 나타났다. Generally, a silicone rubber and a chloride polyethylene(CPE) have been used as a binder for high-performance composite EM( Electromagnetic) wave absorbers. In this study, the EM wave absorption abilities for natural lacquer which is newly suggested as a binder were investigated MnZn ferrite composite EM wave absorbers mixed with the natural lacquer were prepared and their absorption ability was also investigated. The prepared MnZn ferrite composite EM wave absorbers mixed with natural lacquer showed an improved EM wave absorption characteristics compared with MnZn ferrite EM wave absorbers mixed with the conventional binders. such as a silicone rubber and a chloride polyethylene(CPE). The matching frequency and the absorption ability of EM wave absorbers varied with the thickness of them.